->BhagyaMani at 08:53, 28 August 2021

2021-08-28T08:53:31Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2019}}
{{Infobox protected area
| name = Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary
| alt_name =
| iucn_category = IV
| photo = Mangroves W IMG 6896.jpg
| photo_alt =
| photo_caption = Mangroves in Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary, [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]
| photo_width =
| map_image = Krishna in Andhra Pradesh (India).svg
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary in Andhra Pradesh
| map_width =
| location = [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]
| nearest_city = [[Machilipatnam]]
| coords = {{coord|15|46|27|N|80|56|39|E|region:IN|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coords_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mssrf.org/csr/csr-pub/10-mangrovewetlandsAndhra.pdf |title=Atlas of Mangrove Wetlands of India |access-date=2012-07-30}}</ref>
| area = {{convert|194.81|km2|acre|abbr=on}}
| established =
| visitation_num =
| visitation_year =
| governing_body = [[Andhra Pradesh Forest Department]]
| world_heritage_site =
| url =
}}
[[File:Mangroves map of Andhra Pradesh.png|thumb|upright=1.25|Mangroves map of Andhra Pradesh]]
'''Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary''' is a [[wildlife sanctuary]] and [[estuary]] located in [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://forest.ap.nic.in/WL%20KRISHNA.htm |title=APFD Website |publisher=Forest.ap.nic.in |access-date=2012-07-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120522002558/http://forest.ap.nic.in/WL%20KRISHNA.htm |archive-date=22 May 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is one of the rarest eco-regions of the world because it harbors vast tracts of pristine [[mangrove]] forests. It is believed by [[conservationists]] to be one of the last remaining tracts of thick primary mangrove forests of South India, which is rapidly disappearing due to absence of protective measures.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2014/feb/24/Wetlands-Shrink-to-17K-Acres-in-Krishna-District-579173.html|title=Wetlands Shrink to 17K Acres in Krishna District|date=24 February 2014|newspaper=The New Indian Express|first=P.L. |last=Reddy |access-date=22 May 2019}}</ref>

==Geography==
{{Unreferenced section|date=August 2021}}
The sanctuary is a part of the mangrove wetland in Andhra Pradesh and are located in the [[coastal plain]] of [[Krishna River]] delta.
The Krishna mangroves lie between 15° 2' N and 15° 55' N in latitude and 80° 42'- 81° 01' E in longitude spread across [[Krishna district|Krishna]] and [[Guntur district]]s of Andhra Pradesh.
It includes Sorlagondi Reserve Forest, Nachugunta Reserve Forest, Yelichetladibba Reserve Forest, Kottapalem Reserve Forest, Molagunta Reserve Forest, Adavuladivi Reserve Forest and Lankivanidibba Reserve Forest. They occupy the islands of the delta and the adjacent mainlands of [[Krishna district|Krishna]] and [[Guntur]] Districts.
A part of the mangroves is located far from the main mangrove area. This unconnected regions lies near [[Machilipatnam]] on its eastern side and [[Nakshatranagar]] on its western side.

==Flora and fauna==
[[File:Sykes's Warbler (Hippolais rama) W IMG 6807.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|[[Sykes's warbler]] (''Hippolais rama'') in Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary]]
Some of the tree species in Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary are:
''[[Casuarina equisetifolia]]'', [[Millettia pinnata|''Pongamia gladra'']], ''[[Calotropis gigantea]]'', ''[[Cassia auriculata]]'', ''[[Thespesia populnea]]'', [[Ipomoea pes-caprae|''Ipomaea biloba'']], ''[[Spinifex squarrosus]]'', ''[[Spinifex littoreus]]'', [[Millettia pinnata|''Pongamia pinnate'']], ''[[Prosopis juliflora]]'', [[banyan]], [[peepul]], [[margosa]], [[tumma]], [[mango]], [[palmyra]].{{cn|date=August 2021}}

[[Fishing cat]]s were recorded between November 2013 and August 2014 at several locations outside Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Naidu, A. |name-list-style=amp |author2=Kantimahanti, M. |author3=Kumar, N.P. |author4=Thompson, K. |author5=Sreedhar, S.S. |author6=A. Rao |year=2015 |title=Recent records of Fishing Cat and its conservation in coastal South India |journal=Cat News |issue=62 |pages=7–9 |url=}}</ref>

The sanctuary is home to reptiles including the [[garden lizard]], [[Podarcis muralis|wall lizard]] and [[tortoise]].{{cn|date=August 2021}}

=== Snakes===
Snakes of the area include:<ref>{{Cite book|author1=Gupta, Harsh K. |author2=Parasher-Sen, Aloka |author3=Balasubramanian, Dorairajan |year=2000|title=Deccan Heritage|publisher=Universities Press|location=Hyderabad, India|pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=8830KZLvkYsC&pg=PA50 50–51]|isbn=978-81-7371-285-2}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" border=3
|-
! Common name !! Formal name !! Status !!        !! Common name !! Formal name !! Status
|-
| Indian python || ''[[Python molurus]]'' || - ||        || Common cobra || ''[[Naja naja]]'' || -
|-
| Common sand boa || ''[[Eryx conicus]]'' || - ||        || Russell's viper || ''[[Vipera russelli]]'' || -
|-
| John's sand boa || ''[[Eryx johnii]]'' || - ||        || Saw-scaled viper || ''[[Echis carinatus]]'' || -
|-
| Common wolf snake || ''[[Lycodon aulicus]]'' || - ||        || Bamboo pit viper || ''[[Trimeresurus gramineus]]'' || -
|-
| Common kukri snake || ''[[Oligodon arnensis]]'' || - ||        || Shaw's wolf snake || ''[[Lycodon striatus]]'' || rare
|-
| Striped keelback snake || ''[[Amphiesma stolata]]'' || - ||        || Twin-spotted wolf snake || ''[[Lycodon jara]]'' || rare
|-
| Chequered keelback snake || ''[[Fowlea piscator]]'' || - ||        || Gunther's racer || ''[[Argyrogena gracilis]]'' || rare
|-
| Common trinket snake || ''[[Elaphe helena]]'' || - ||        || Smooth snake || ''[[Coronella brachyura]]'' || rare
|-
| Rat snake || ''[[Ptyas mucosus]]'' || - ||        || Painted bronzeback || ''[[Dendrelaphis pictus]]'' || rare
|-
| Common Indian bronzeback || ''[[Dendrelaphis tristis]]'' || - ||        || Condanorus sand snake || ''[[Psammophis condanarus]]'' || rare
|-
| Common green whip snake / Asian vine snake || ''[[Ahaetulla nasuta]]'' || - ||        || Stout sand snake || ''[[Psammophis longifrons]]'' || rare
|-
| Common cat snake || ''[[Boiga trigonata]]'' || - ||        || King cobra || ''[[Ophiophagus hannah]]'' || rare
|-
| Common krait || ''[[Bungarus caeruleus]]'' || - ||        || || ||
|}

The amphibian fauna present in the sanctuary include the [[common frog]], the [[otter]] and the [[saltwater crocodile]].

The herbivorous species present are [[Chital|spotted deer]], [[Sambar (deer)|sambar]] and [[black buck]].

Other species found in the sanctuary are [[hyena]], [[jungle cat]], [[fox]] and [[bear]].

Avifauna include [[crested serpent eagle]], [[Indian roller]], [[wagtails]] and [[pipits]].

==See also==
* [[Wildlife in India]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120522002558/http://forest.ap.nic.in/WL%20KRISHNA.htm Krishna wildlife sanctuary from Forest Department of Andhra Pradesh (India) State Government website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151009052021/http://forest.ap.nic.in/ Forest Department of Andhra Pradesh (India) State Government website]

{{commons category|Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary}}
{{Eastern Ghats |state=collapsed}}
{{Wildlife sanctuaries of Andhra Pradesh}}

[[Category:Wildlife sanctuaries in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Protected areas with year of establishment missing]]

Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary - Revision history

->BhagyaMani at 08:53, 28 August 2021