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{{short description|British student, scientist, and inventor}}
{{EngvarB|date=November 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{COI|date=January 2018}}

{{Infobox scientist
| name = Krtin Nithiyanandam
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = Krtin3.22.jpg
| image_size =
| alt = Krtin Nithiyanandam
| caption =
| birth_name = Krtin Kanna Nithiyanandam
| birth_date = 20 June 2000
| birth_place =
| height = 5'9"
| residence = [[Epsom, Surrey]], UK
| nationality = British
| fields = [[Medical research]], [[Cancer research]], [[Alzheimer's disease research]], [[Invention]]
| workplaces =
| alma_mater = [[Sutton Grammar School]]
| doctoral_advisor =
| academic_advisors =
| notable_students =
| known_for =
| author_abbrev_bot =
| author_abbrev_zoo =
| spouse =
| brother = Anoopp Nithiyanandam
}}

'''Krtin Nithiyanandam''' is a British [[student]], [[scientist]], and [[inventor]]. He was awarded the [[Scientific American]] Innovator Award at the 2015 [[Google Science Fair]] for his work on developing a novel diagnosis test for early-onset [[Alzheimer's disease]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/education/sa-at-the-google-science-fair/|title=SA at the Google Science Fair|work=Scientific American|access-date=2017-12-17|language=en}}</ref> The award came with $25,000.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/jan/01/rising-stars-2017-research-scientist-krtin-nithiyanandam|title=Rising stars of 2017: research scientist Krtin Nithiyanandam|last=Davis|first=Nicola|date=2017-01-01|work=The Guardian|access-date=2017-12-17|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In 2017, Nithiyanandam's research on identifying a mechanism to make [[triple-negative breast cancer]] more treatable won the Intermediate Science stream at the national [[The Big Bang Fair|Big Bang Fair]].<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=http://www.suttongrammar.sutton.sch.uk/Sensational-STEM-success-for-Sutton-Grammar-School---Science-week-10th---19th-March-2017?returnUrl=/default|title=Sensational STEM success for Sutton Grammar School - Science week 10th - 19th March 2017|website=www.suttongrammar.sutton.sch.uk|language=en|access-date=2017-12-17}}</ref> Recently, Nithiyanandam was the recipient of the U.K. Junior Water Prize for his project titled "A novel, photocatalytic, lead-sequestering bioplastic for sustainable water purification and environmental remediation". He represented the U.K. at the international [[Stockholm Junior Water Prize]].<ref name=":8">{{Cite news|url=https://www.greenenergynews.co.uk/krtin-kanna-nithiyanandam-wins-ciwems-uk-junior-water-prize/|title=Krtin Kanna Nithiyanandam Wins CIWEM’s UK Junior Water Prize - Green Energy News|last=Jones|first=Alison|date=2017-09-05|work=Green Energy News|access-date=2017-12-17|language=en-GB}}</ref>

In 2017, Nithiyanandam was named as a Rising Star in Science by [[The Observer]] and as one of [[Time (magazine)|TIME]]'s 30 Most Influential Teens of 2017.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":9">{{Cite web|url=http://time.com/5003930/most-influential-teens-2017/|title=Meet the 30 Most Influential Teens of 2017|website=Time|access-date=2017-12-17}}</ref> Krtin currently attends [[Stanford University]].

== Biography ==
Krtin Nithiyanandam was born in [[Chennai|Chennai, India]] and moved to Britain with his family. Nithiyanandam's interest in the medical sciences started after he suffered from hearing impairment as a child. He studied at [[Sutton Grammar School]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://curiosity.com/topics/a-16-year-old-boy-may-have-cured-a-form-of-breast-cancer-curiosity/|title=A 16-Year-Old Boy May Have Cured A Form Of Breast Cancer|website=curiosity.com|access-date=2017-12-17}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/11734666/15-year-old-schoolboy-develops-test-for-Alzheimers-disease.html|title=15-year-old schoolboy develops test for Alzheimer's disease|last=Knapton|first=Sarah|date=2015-07-13|access-date=2017-12-17|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}</ref> Nithiyanandam has explained his research at TEDxLondon, TEDxGateway, [[Wired (magazine)|WIRED]]: Next Generation, and the [[Royal Society of Medicine]], and has advocated for increased student participation in scientific research.<ref name=":3">{{Citation|last=TEDx Talks|title=Why students should break into science {{!}} Krtin Nithiyanandam {{!}} TEDxLondon|date=2016-07-14|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AglW7eF-gIQ|accessdate=2017-12-17}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=TEDx Talks|title=Why Fostering Scientific Curiosity in Teens is Essential {{!}} Krtin Nithyanandam {{!}} TEDxGateway|date=2017-04-19|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aU0j39KfClM|accessdate=2017-12-17}}</ref> Krtin is a member of [[Stanford University|Stanford University's]] Class of 2022.

== Research ==

=== Alzheimer's research ===
Nithiyanandam's work focused on [[oligomer]]ic [[amyloid beta]] as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease instead of amyloid beta plaques.<ref name=":3" /> Nithiyanandam developed a [[Bispecific monoclonal antibody|bispecific antibody]] composed of two different [[Fragment antigen-binding|Fab']] fragments: one fragment from an anti-oligomeric amyloid beta [[Immunoglobulin G|IgG]] molecule and another fragment from an anti-transferrin receptor [[Immunoglobulin M|IgM]] molecule.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://videos.rsm.ac.uk/video/developing-a-molecular-trojan-horse-for-the-management-of-alzheimers-disease|title=Developing a molecular trojan horse for the management of Alzheimers disease {{!}} RSM Videos|website=videos.rsm.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2017-12-17}}</ref> Nithiyanandam's bispecific antibody is conjugated to a [[quantum dot]] with [[Clinical magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] and [[Functional near-infrared spectroscopy|fNIR]] detection capabilities. Nithiyanandam's ''in vitro'' studies suggest that the bispecific antibody quantum dot conjugate has little cross-reactivity and could potentially cross the [[Blood–brain barrier|blood-brain barrier]].<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> He won the Scientific American Innovator Award at the Google Science Fair for this work.<ref name=":6" />

=== Cancer research ===
Nithiyanandam's research sought to develop a novel [[Small interfering RNA|siRNA]] mechanism to decrease [[ID4]] expression in aggressive triple-negative breast cancers.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":1" /> Nithiyanandam found that a knockdown in ID4 expression resulted in aggressive triple-negative breast cancers developing primitive [[Estrogen|oestrogen]] receptors on their surface, consequently making the cancer susceptible to existing breast-cancer treatments.<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/08/27/16-year-old-teen-devises-way-to-make-deadly-breast-cancer-more-t/|title=16-year-old devises way to make deadly breast cancer more treatable|last=Knapton|first=Sarah|date=2016-08-27|work=The Telegraph|access-date=2017-12-17|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}</ref> Moreover, Nithiyanandam found that increasing [[PTEN (gene)|PTEN]] expression in several breast cancer cells lines, including [[MCF-7]], resulted in increased chemosensitivity to [[cisplatin]]. However, increased PTEN expression in "healthy cell line" MCF10A resulted in decreased chemosensitivity to cisplatin.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /> He was the winner of the Intermediate stream of the Big Bang Fair for his work.<ref name=":7" />

=== Bioplastic research ===
Nithiyanandam developed a novel bioplastic capable of sequestering lead and purifying water through photocatalysis.<ref name=":9" /> [[Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management|CIWEM]], the organisation that awards the U.K. Junior Water Prize, commented that Nithiyanandam's project focused "on meeting global wastewater management challenges, and exhibits wastewater as an opportunity rather than a waste product".<ref name=":8" />

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nithiyanandam, Krtin}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Scientists from Chennai]]
[[Category:2000 births]]
[[Category:People educated at Sutton Grammar School]]
[[Category:21st-century British inventors]]
[[Category:Alzheimer's disease researchers]]
[[Category:Cancer researchers]]
[[Category:Environmental research]]
[[Category:Indian emigrants to the United Kingdom]]

Krtin Nithiyanandam - Revision history

imported>WikiCleanerBot at 21:10, 20 June 2021