>Tom.Reding at 16:58, 23 May 2021

2021-05-23T16:58:59Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox protected area
| name = Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary
| alt_name =
| iucn_category =
| photo =
| photo_alt =
| photo_caption =
| photo_width =
| map = India Rajasthan
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Map of [[Rajasthan]]
| map_width =
| location = [[Rajsamand District]], [[Rajasthan]], [[India]]
| nearest_city = [[Udaipur]]
| coordinates = {{coord|24.565|N|73.906|E|region:IN|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coords_ref = <ref name=WDPA>{{Cite web |url= http://protectedplanet.net/sites/Kumbhalgarh_Sanctuary |title=Kumbhalgarh Sanctuary |work=World Database on Protected Areas |date=2014–2018 |publisher=United Nations Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre}}</ref>
| area_km2 = 610.528
| area_ref = <ref name="Bohra-1">{{Cite book|last=Bohra |first=Padma |year=2013 |chapter=Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary: An Overview |title=Faunal Exploration of Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary Rajasthan |series=Conservation Area Series, 47 |location=Kolkata |publisher=Zoological Survey of India |pages=1–5 |isbn=978-81-8171-350-6}}</ref>
| established = 1971
| visitation_num =
| visitation_year =
| governing_body =
| world_heritage_site =
| url =
}}

[[File:Wilderness and existance.jpg|thumb|291x291px|A view of Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary as seen from the [[Kumbhalgarh|fort]]]]
'''Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary''' is located in the [[Rajsamand District]] of [[Rajasthan]] State in [[western India]].<ref name="Negi2002">{{cite book |last=Negi |first=S. S. |title=Handbook of National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Biosphere Reserves in India |edition=Third |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JYFmoOWfmX8C&pg=PA151 |year=2002 |publisher=Indus Publishing |isbn=978-81-7387-128-3 |page=151}}</ref> It surrounds the [[Kumbhalgarh]] fortress and covers an area of {{Convert|610.528|km2|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Bohra-1" /> The sanctuary extends across the [[Aravalli Range]], covering parts of [[Rajsamand]], [[Udaipur District|Udaipur]], and [[Pali District|Pali]] districts, ranging from {{Convert|500|to|1300|m}} in elevation. It is part of the [[Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests]] [[ecoregion]].<ref name="WWF, SA: NI">{{WWF ecoregion |id=im0206 |name=Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests |access-date=2017-01-29}}</ref>

==Geography==
It takes name after the impressive historic fort of Kumbhalgarh. The wildlife sanctuary consists of a {{Convert|224.890|km2|0|abbr=on}} core area and a {{Convert|385.638|km2|0|abbr=on}} buffer area.<ref name="Bohra-1" /> It covers four hill and mountain ranges of the Aravalli: Kumbhalgarh range; Sadri range; Desuri range and the Bokhada range.<ref name="Bohra-1" /> Twenty-two villages are located inside the sanctuary.<ref name="Bohra-1" /> The soils are generally thin, mostly of sandy loam. The base rocks are mainly metamorphic, from the [[Archean]].<ref name="Bohra-1" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Hatui |first=Kalyanbrata |year=2016 |chapter=Meso- and micro-scopic structures and Metamorphism from South Delhi Fold Belt, Rajasthan, India: An analysis |title=Seminar Abstract Volume: Developments in Geosciences in the Past Decade - Emerging Trends for the Future & Impact on Society & Annual General Meeting of the Geological Society of India, 2016 |publisher=Department of Geology & Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur |pages=227–229 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/310466694_An_analysis_of_Meso-_and_micro-scopic_structures_and_Metamorphism_from_South_Delhi_Fold_Belt_Rajasthan_India }}</ref> The topography of the sanctuary can be divided into hills, [[piedmont (geography)|piedmont]] and [[plain]]. The areas of plain have mostly been co-opted for crops.<ref name="Bohra-1" />

Kumbhalgarh's natural environment attracts tourists,<ref name="OT">{{Cite web|title=Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary |publisher=Outlook Traveller |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/outlooktraveller/ot-getaway-guides/kumbhalgarh-wildlife-sanctuary/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714031706/https://www.outlookindia.com/outlooktraveller/ot-getaway-guides/kumbhalgarh-wildlife-sanctuary/ |archive-date=14 July 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy}}</ref> and is accessible from Udaipur and [[Nathdwara]] which are 100 km and 51 km respectively from the sanctuary. Foot tracking and horse safari organised by local tour operators are available.<ref name="OT" /> A typical safari route enters the sanctuary from the Kumbhalgarh Fort and cuts across the sanctuary to Ghanerao, and then follows an old abandoned road.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary |work=Udaipur Tourist Guide |publisher=Tourist Places |url=http://touristplaces.org/kumbhalgarh-wildlife-sanctuary |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714050149/http://touristplaces.org/kumbhalgarh-wildlife-sanctuary |archive-date=14 July 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy}}</ref>

==Fauna==
The sanctuary is home to a variety of [[wildlife]],<ref name="Negi2002" /> some of which are endangered species.<ref name="OT" /> The wildlife includes the [[Indian wolf]], [[Indian leopard]], [[sloth bear]], [[striped hyena]], [[Golden jackal]], [[jungle cat]], [[sambar (deer)|sambhar]], [[nilgai]], [[chausingha]] (the four horned antelope), [[chinkara]] and [[Indian hare]]. The leopard is the [[apex predator]] in the sanctuary.<ref name="Bohra-1" /> The [[bird]]s at Kumbhalgarh includes the normally shy and untrusting [[grey junglefowl]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Grey Junglefowl ''Gallus sonneratii'' |work=Handbook of the Birds of the World |url=https://www.hbw.com/ibc/species/grey-junglefowl-gallus-sonneratii |archive-url=https://archive.is/20180714051818/https://www.hbw.com/ibc/species/grey-junglefowl-gallus-sonneratii |archive-date=14 July 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy}}</ref> [[Peacock]]s and [[dove]]s can be sighted feeding on grains scattered by the jungle guards. Birds like the [[red spurfowl]], [[parakeet]], [[golden oriole]], grey [[pigeon]], [[bulbul]], dove and [[white breasted kingfisher]] can also be seen near the water holes.

===Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project===
{{Main|Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project}}

Kumbalgarh Sanctuary was one of the places that were considered for the reintroduction of the [[Asiatic lion]].<ref name="PHVA1995">{{cite web |url=http://www.zooreach.org/downloads/ZOO_CAMP_PHVA_reports/1993_Asiatic_Lion_PHVA_report.pdf |title=Asiatic Lion Report |editor1= Ashraf, N.V.K. |editor2=Chellam, Ravi |editor3=Sharma, D. |editor4=Molur, Sanjay |editor5=Walker, Sally |date=May 1995 |work=Population & Habitat Viability Assessment P.H.V.A. and Global Animal Survival Plan Workshops (18–21 October 1993, Baroda, India) |publisher=Zoo Outreach Organisation / CBSG, India |access-date=25 April 2013}}</ref> With the recent [[Supreme Court of India]] judgment favoring the relocation of lions over [[Cheetah reintroduction in India|that]] of [[cheetah]]s in [[India]], a proposal was made to the [[Government of Rajasthan]], by wildlife conservationist Raza H. Tehsin in April 2009.<ref name="DeccanHerald2012">{{cite news |title=Courting the king |publisher=[[Deccan Herald]] |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/269653/courting-king.html |date=2012-08-07 |access-date=2012-10-08}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Arid Forest Research Institute]] (AFRI)
* [[Wildlife of India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.kumbhalgarh.com Kumbhalgarh]
* [http://www.bharatonline.com/rajasthan/cities/kumbhalgarh/index.html Kumbhalgarh Information]

{{Udaipur}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project]]
[[Category:Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Rajsamand district]]
[[Category:Wildlife sanctuaries in Rajasthan]]
[[Category:1971 establishments in Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1971]]

Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary - Revision history

>Tom.Reding at 16:58, 23 May 2021