https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=KundanKundan - Revision history2026-07-31T06:04:38ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Kundan&diff=228093&oldid=prev->GreenC bot at 16:15, 16 April 20212021-04-16T16:15:05Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{for|the 1955 Hindi film|Kundan (film)}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Kundan''' is a traditional form of [[India]]n [[gemstone]] [[jewellery]] involving a gem set with a gold foil between the stones and its mount, usually for elaborate necklaces. The method is believed to have originated in the royal courts of Rajasthan and Gujarat. It is one of the older forms of jewellery made and worn in India.<ref name="hindu_jun08">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/rp/2008/06/20/stories/2008062050130400.htm|title=Royal jewellery of Jodhaa Akbar|date=2008-06-20|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|accessdate=2009-11-13}}</ref><ref name="kn" /> The word ''kundan'' means highly refined gold, and a highly refined and pure form of molten gold is used.<br />
<br />
Kundan, also known as [[Bikaner]]i or [[Jaipur]]i jewellery, is a popular variation, wherein enameling with vivid colours and designs is on the reverse, while the kundan setting is in the front. The city of [[Jaipur]] in Rajasthan has traditionally been the centre for Kundan jewellery in India.<ref name=kn>[https://books.google.com/books?id=eggCrlgpYMIC&pg=PA32&dq=kundan+jewellery#v=onepage&q=kundan%20jewellery&f=false Kundan Jewellery] ''Let's Know Handicrafts of India'', by Amar Tyagi. Star Publications, 2008. {{ISBN|1-905863-18-7}}. ''p. 32''.</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Origins of Kundan jewelleries in India are dated back to at least 3rd century BCE.<ref>Advance, Volume 24, p. 32,<br />
Punjab Public Relations Department</ref><br />
Kundan started off in Rajasthan Royal court and then flourished under royal patronage during the [[Mughal era]].<ref name="ie_may07"/> Over the years, the Kundan jewellery of the courts was successfully copied in silver in Rajasthan, Bihar and the Punjab and became popular with the common man.<ref>''Indian folk arts and crafts - the land and the people'', by [[Jasleen Dhamija]]. [[National Book Trust]], India. 1970. ''p. 73''</ref><br />
<br />
It remains an integral part of the traditional bridal wedding trousseau. Traditional settings, including the thappa and ras rawa, are experiencing a revival.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110811054802/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-11-15/delhi/28102722_1_gold-coins-new-jewellery-jewellery-people This wedding season, gold loses sheen] Deeksha Chopra, TNN, [[The Times of India]], 15 November 2009.</ref> Most recently, in the 2008 epic film, ''[[Jodhaa Akbar]]'', the lead character portrayed by [[Aishwariya Rai]] was extensively shown wearing Kundan jewellery, highlighting its influence among [[Rajasthan]]i royalty.<ref name="hindu_jun08"/><br />
<br />
In 2006, "American Diamond" and Kundan jewellery contributed the largest share of both market value and volume (73 per cent) in the Indian jewellery market.<ref>[http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/strategic-tools-forpractising-manager/266094/ Indian Art Jewellery Market] [[Business Standard]], Mumbai November 28, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
==Process==<br />
<br />
Kundan jewellery is created by setting carefully shaped, uncut diamonds and polished multicoloured gemstones into an exquisitely designed pure gold or faux metal base.<ref name="ie_may07">{{cite news|url=http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=235127|title=Bedazzled!|date=2007-05-07|publisher=[[The Indian Express]]|accessdate=2009-11-13}}{{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The elaborate process begins with the skeletal framework called ''Ghaat''. Thereafter, the ''Paadh'' procedure takes place, during which wax is poured onto the framework and moulded according to the design. Following this is the ''Khudai'' process, when the stones or uncut gems are fit into the framework. [[Meenakari]] then involves enameling to define the design details. Next, the ''Pakai'' process involves gold foils that hold the gems onto the framework; these are cold soldered using burnishing techniques. Finally, the gems are polished using the ''Chillai'' process.<ref name="hindu_jun08"/><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[ Diamonds as an investment#Polki_(unfaceted)_diamonds|Polki diamonds]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi words and phrases]]<br />
[[Category:Indian culture]]<br />
[[Category:Jewellery of India]]<br />
[[Category:Necklaces]]<br />
[[Category:Rajasthani culture]]</div>->GreenC bot