UpdateBot at 09:40, 27 September 2021

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{{about|the island subgroup|the Union Territory|Lakshadweep}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Laccadive Islands Kannur
Islands
| native_name =
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| image_skyline = Cannanore Islands-1800 Faden Rennell.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = The Laccadive subgroup on an 1800 map
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Island group|Island subgroup]]
{{Location map
|India
|lon_dir=E
|lat_dir=N
|lat_deg=10|lat_min=50
|lon_deg=73|lon_min=41
|width=250
|float=right
|mark=Cercle rouge 100%.svg
|marksize=20
}}
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| coordinates =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flagicon|India}} [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|SUnion Territory]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Banner of Lakshadweep.png}} [[Lakshadweep]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Lakshadweep]]
| established_title = 
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| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
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| area_total_km2 = 17.5
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| population_density_km2 = auto
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| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
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| area_code_type = Telephone code
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| registration_plate = LD
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}}
[[File:Kavaratii.jpg|thumb|275px|View of Kavaratti, one of the main islands of the subgroup.]]

The '''Laccadive''' {{IPAc-en|'|l|æ|k|@|d|I|v}} or '''Cannanore''' {{IPAc-en|'|k|æ|n|@|n|ɔːr}} Islands are one of the three [[island]] subgroups in the [[Union Territory]] of [[Lakshadweep]], [[India]]. It is the central subgroup of the Lakshadweep, separated from the [[Amindivi Islands]] subgroup roughly by the [[11th parallel north]] and from the atoll of [[Minicoy]] (Maliku)—far to the south—by the [[9th parallel north|9 Degree]] or Mamala Channel.<ref>GEBCO Gazetteer of undersea feature names</ref>

Formerly the Union Territory of Lakshadweep was known as '''Laccadive, Minicoy, and Amindivi Islands''',<ref>[http://global.britannica.com/place/Lakshadweep Lakshadweep | union territory, India | Britannica]</ref> a name that was changed to '''Lakshadweep''' by an act of Parliament in 1973.<ref>[http://sschelp.in/chsl/questions/AB2015/q192.html The name of the Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi islands]</ref>

The Laccadive subgroup had been known earlier as the "'''Cannanore Islands'''"<ref>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/text.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V16_091.gif Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 16, p. 85.]</ref> after the coastal town of [[Cannanore]] (Kannur). The name originated in the fact that while the northern group of Amindivi had stopped in 1784 being a [[vassal state]] of the [[Arakkal kingdom|Kannur Kingdom]] (Arakkal) in exchange for [[fealty]] to [[Tippu Sultan]]'s [[Kingdom of Mysore]], the southern group remained loyal to [[Kannur]].

==Geography==
The Laccadive subgroup includes the island of [[Agatti]], with [[Agatti Aerodrome]], the only airport in Lakshadweep, as well as [[Bangaram Atoll]] which has a tourist resort in Bangaram, its largest island.

The Laccadive group forms two [[taluka]]s or subdivisions: [[Androth]], with a population of 15,048 and [[Kavaratti]] with 17,193.<ref>[http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/lakshadweep/tehsil.html Lakshadweep Tehsil Map - Maps of India]</ref> The islands of [[Agatti]], Androth, [[Kavaratti]] and [[Kalpeni]] are inhabited. [[Islam]] is the main religion of the islanders.<ref>[http://www.webindia123.com/territories/lakshadweep/land/islands.htm Web123India]</ref>

The Laccadive Islands subgroup consists mostly of [[atoll]]s with islands, as well as part of one [[submerged bank]]. The [[Amindivi]] and the Laccadive subgroups have a submarine connection between them through [[Pitti Bank]], a largely sunken atoll.<ref>Prakash Chauhan & Shailesh Nayak, ''Detection of submerged reef banks in the Lakshadweep Sea using IRS-P4 OCM satellite data''</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
![[Atoll]]/[[Reef]]/[[Bank (topography)|Bank]] (''alternate name'')!!type!!Land Area (km2)!![[Lagoon]] Area (km2)!!No. of islets!!Pop. [[Census]] 2001!![[Geographic coordinate system|Location]]
|-
| colspan="9" style="text-align:center; background:#efefef;"| '''Laccadive Islands'''
|- style="background: #CFC;"
|[[Agatti|Agatti Island]] (''Agatti'')||atoll|| align=right|2.70|| align=right|4.84||align=right|1|| align=right|8,000||{{coord|10|50|N|73|41|E|name=Agatti Island}}
|- style="background: #CFC;"
|[[Bangaram|Bangaram Island]] (''Bangaram'')||atoll|| align=right|2.30|| align=right|4.84||align=right|1|| align=right|61||{{coord|10|50|N|73|41|E|name=Bangaram Island}}
|- style="background: #CFC;"
|[[Pitti|Pitti Island]] 1)||islet 1)|| align=right|0.01|| align=right|155.09 1)||align=right|1|| align=right|–||{{coord|10|50|N|72|38|E|name=Pitti Island}}
|- style="background: #CFC;"
|[[Andrott|Androth Island]] (''Andrott'')||atoll|| align=right|4.90|| align=right|4.84||align=right|1|| align=right|10,720||{{coord|10|50|N|73|41|E|name=Androth Island}}
|- style="background: #CFC;"
|[[Kavaratti|Kavaratti Island]]||atoll|| align=right|4.22|| align=right|4.96||align=right|1|| align=right|10,113||{{coord|10|33|N|72|38|E|name=Kavaratti Island}}
|- style="background: #CFC;"
|[[Kalpeni|Kalpeni Island]]||atoll|| align=right|2.79|| align=right|25.60||align=right|7|| align=right|4,319||{{coord|10|05|N|73|38|E|name=Kalpeni Island}}
|- style="background: #CFC;"
|[[Suheli Par]]||atoll|| align=right|0.57|| align=right|78.76||align=right|2|| align=right|–||{{coord|10|05|N|72|17|E|name=Suheli Par}}
|-
|}

==History==
In the same manner as the Amindivi Islands further north, the islands of the Laccadive subgroup were settled from ancient times by people of nearby [[Kerala]] to which were added later people of [[Arab]] descent. [[Vasco da Gama]] visited these islands around 1498. In the mid 16th century all the inhabited islands of the Lakshadweep put themselves under the rule of the [[Arakkal kingdom]] in order to obtain protection from the [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]].

In 1697, the notorious pirate [[Captain Kidd]] and his crew brought their ship, the ''Adventure Galley'', to the Laccadive Islands. The undisciplined crew chopped up the local boats for firewood, and raped the local women. When the men retaliated by killing the ship's cooper, the pirates attacked the village and beat up the people who lived there.

Almost 100 years later—in 1784—the Amindivi group of islands rejected the protection of Cannanore and became a vassal state of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]].<ref name=MM>{{cite book|last=Logan|first=William|title=Malabar Manual|orig-year=1887|year=2004|publisher=Asian Education Services|location=New Delhi|isbn=81-206-0446-6|pages=2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9mR2QXrVEJIC&q=Palghat&pg=PA2}}</ref> The southern group, however, remained loyal to the rule of [[Cannanore]].<ref>[http://www.1902encyclopedia.com/L/LAC/laccadives.html 1902 Encyclopedia - Laccadives (also known as: Laccadive Islands; Laccadive, Minicoy, and Amindivi Islands; Lakshadweep)]</ref>

Following the defeat of [[Tipu Sultan]] and the 1792 treaty of [[Srirangapatam]], the southern subgroup was permitted by the [[East India Company]] to remain under the rule of the Cannanore Kingdom in exchange for a yearly tribute of 15,000 [[Indian Rupee|Rs]].<ref>William Logan, ''Malabar Manual'', p. CCLXXIX</ref> Since the tributary payments were often in arrears, the islands were put under direct rule of the [[British Raj|British Government]], first between 1855 and 1860, and then finally were [[annexed]] in 1877 by virtue of the [[doctrine of lapse]],<ref>[[Allan Octavian Hume]], ''Stray Feathers,'' vol. iv., 1876, Calcutta.</ref> becoming attached to the [[Malabar District]].<ref>William Logan, ''Malabar Manual'', p. CCLXXVI</ref>

==Bibliography==
*R. H. Ellis, ''A Short Account of the Laccadive Islands and Minicoy''. Government Press, [[Madras]]. 1924

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Laccadive Islands}}
*[https://archive.org/stream/LaccadiveIslandsAndMinicoy/Laccadive%20Islands%20and%20Minicoy_djvu.txt Full text of "Laccadive Islands And Minicoy"]
*[https://books.google.com/books/about/report_on_the_laccadive_islands.html?id=qWgBAAAAQAAJ Report on the Laccadive Islands]
*[http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/william-wilson-hunter/the-imperial-gazetteer-of-india-volume-8-tnu/page-46-the-imperial-gazetteer-of-india-volume-8-tnu.shtml The imperial gazetteer of India (Volume 8)]

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{{Lakshadweep}}
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[[Category:Landforms of Lakshadweep]]
[[Category:Archipelagoes of India]]

Laccadive Islands - Revision history

UpdateBot at 09:40, 27 September 2021