https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=LakshmadevaLakshmadeva - Revision history2026-07-31T04:29:05ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Lakshmadeva&diff=159864&oldid=previmported>Citation bot at 01:45, 7 April 20212021-04-07T01:45:52Z<p></p>
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{{Infobox royalty<br />
| name = Lakshma<br />
| succession = possibly a king of [[Malwa]]<br />
| reign = {{circa|1080s CE}}<br />
| predecessor = [[Udayaditya]]<br />
| successor = [[Naravarman]]<br />
| dynasty = [[Paramara dynasty|Paramara]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Lakshmadeva''' ([[IAST]]: Lakṣma-deva) was a member of the [[Paramara dynasty]] of [[Malwa]] region in central India. According to one theory, he ascended the Paramara throne after his father [[Udayaditya]], and reigned during the 1080s CE. According to another theory, Lakshmadeva never became the king and Udayaditya was succeeded by Lakshmadeva's brother [[Naravarman]].<br />
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== Political status ==<br />
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A 1104-1105 CE stone inscription, now kept at the [[Nagpur Central Museum|Nagpur Museum]], records several military achievements of Lakshmadeva.{{sfn|Arvind K. Singh|2012|p=22}} According to one theory, these achievements happened during the reign of Udayaditya, and Lakshamdeva never ascended the throne.{{sfn|Arvind K. Singh|2012|p=22}} His name is missing from the list of Paramara kings mentioned in [[Jayavarman II (Paramara dynasty)|Jayavarman II]]'s 1274 CE Mandhata copper-plate inscription, which lists Naravarman as Udayaditya's successor.{{sfn|H. V. Trivedi|1991|p=213}} The [[Dewas]] grant inscription also suggests that Naravarman succeeded Udayaditya.{{sfn|Arvind K. Singh|2012|p=22}}<br />
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== Military conquests ==<br />
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The 1104-1105 CE Nagpur ''[[prashasti]]'' inscription credits Lakshmadeva with the following military achievements in the four directions:{{sfn|Arvind K. Singh|2012|p=22}}<br />
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* East: threatening the land of [[Gauḍa (city)|Gauda]], defeating the armies of [[Anga]] and [[Kalinga (historical region)|Kalinga]], and occupying the city of [[Tripuri, Madhya Pradesh|Tripuri]]<br />
* South: subjugating the [[Chola dynasty|Cholas]], invading the [[Pandyas|Pandya]] country, and invading [[Sri Lanka]]<br />
* West: attacking the Timingalas and other tribes of the [[Mount Mainak|Mainaka]] mountain<br />
* North: vanquishing the [[Turkic peoples|Turushkas]] and the [[Kirata|Kiras]]<br />
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This description appears to be a poetic exaggeration based on the victories of the legendary king [[Raghu]], as described in ''[[Raghuvamsa]]''.{{sfn|K. C. Jain|1972|p=358}} For example, Lakshmadeva's purported subjugation of the [[Cholas]] and the [[Pandyas]] is not supported by any historical evidence.{{sfn|K. C. Jain|1972|pp=357-358}} However, some of the other achievements may have a historical basis. For example, the [[Kalachuris of Tripuri]] were weak after the death of their king [[Lakshmikarna|Karna]], and Lakshmadeva may have raided Tripuri during the reign of Karna's successor [[Yashahkarna]].{{sfn|H. V. Trivedi|1991|p=110}} Historian D. C. Ganguly speculated that the claim of Lakshmadeva subjugating the Turushkas (the Turkic people) may be a reference to his repulsion of an attack by [[Mahmud of Ghazni]]. However, this is not correct, as Mahmud died in 1030 CE, much earlier than Lakshmadeva's time. Some other historians believe that Lakshmadeva might have defeated a Turkic Muslim governor of Punjab who invaded [[Ujjain]], but this is not corroborated by any evidence.{{sfn|H. V. Trivedi|1991|p=110}}<br />
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== Death ==<br />
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Lakshmadeva must have died sometime before 1082 CE, as the 1082 CE Kamed inscription records Naravarman's donation of a plot of land "for perpetually burning a lamp for" (in memory of) Lakshmadeva.{{sfn|Arvind K. Singh|2012|p=22}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{reflist|2}}<br />
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=== Bibliography ===<br />
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{{ref begin}}<br />
* {{cite journal |author=Arvind K. Singh |title=Interpreting the History of the Paramāras |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society |volume=22 |issue=1 |year=2012 |pages=13–28 |jstor=41490371 }}<br />
* {{cite book |author=K. C. Jain |title=Malwa Through the Ages, from the Earliest Times to 1305 A.D |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_3O7q7cU7k0C&pg=PA354 |year=1972 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0824-9 }}<br />
* {{cite book |author=Harihar Vitthal Trivedi |title=Inscriptions of the Paramāras (Part 2) |series=Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Volume VII: Inscriptions of the Paramāras, Chandēllas, Kachchapaghātas, and two minor dynasties |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8B4LAQAAMAAJ |year=1991 |publisher=[[Archaeological Survey of India]] |doi=10.5281/zenodo.1451755 |ref={{harvid|H. V. Trivedi|1991}} }}<br />
{{ref end}}<br />
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{{Paramara dynasty}}<br />
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[[Category:Paramara dynasty]]<br />
[[Category:11th-century Indian monarchs]]</div>imported>Citation bot