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The '''Lal Begi''', or '''Lalbegi''', are a [[Chuhra]] caste found in the states of [[Bihar]] and [[Uttar Pradesh]] in India, as well as in [[Multan]], [[Dera Ghazi Khan]] and [[Bahawalpur]] in Pakistan.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bahadur |first1=Krishna Prakash |title=Caste, Tribes & Culture of India |date=1977 |publisher=Ess Ess Publications |page=10 |language=en}}</ref> The Muslim branch of the Lal Begi are known as Hasnati and the [[Hindu]] branch as Kayastha (sometime) or Balmiki which are different from Kayastha community who also uses it as there surname.<ref>People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part Two edited by A Hasan & J C Das pages 889 to 893</ref>{{qn|date=February 2017}}<br />
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==History and origin==<br />
According to their traditions, they are followers of [[Mehtar Ilyas]]. The Mehtar took to sweeping as an occupation, after he was summoned to the heavens, where a meeting of prophets was occurring. He wanted to spit, but was unable to find a [[spittoon]], so spat upwards. The spit fell on the prophets, and God as a punishment made him sweep the spit. His descendants were cursed to live their life as sweepers. The Mehtar was one day approached by a [[Sufi]] saint, who asked him why he did not wear a coat. The Mehtar replied, that as a sweeper, he did not need a coat. The saint commanded that he wear a coat, and the Mehtar went to an open a pitcher, but was unable to do so. So the saint said, use my name, and you will be open the pitcher. And out of the pitcher came a young boy, who was named Lal Beg. The community claim descent from this boy.<ref>People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part Two edited by A Hasan & J C Das pages 891</ref><br />
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In [[Bihar]], the Lal Begi claim descent from the saint [[Valmiki|Balmiki]], and originated in [[Rajasthan]]. They are distributed in the urban centres of [[Jharia]], [[Dhanbad]], [[Sindri]], [[Katras]] and Chas.in Pakistan this nation is famous for his work.<ref name="S Gopal pages 608">People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 608 to 610 Seagull Books</ref><br />
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==Present circumstances==<br />
The Lal Beg have been sweepers and scavenger, both activities considered as polluting. As such, they have been an extremely marginalized community. Many members of the community work as sweepers for the municipal authorities and hospitals.<ref>People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part Two edited by A Hasan & J C Das pages 892</ref><br />
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The community has undergone a major split. A section of the Lal Beg have embraced [[Hinduism]], and now are known as Balmiki. As Balmiki, they have obtained [[Scheduled Caste]] status. The exact religious status of the community remains in a flux, with some members taking Hindu names to obtain the advantage of Scheduled Caste status. Most Lal Begi have remained [[Muslim]]. They have also set up a caste association, the Hasnati Biradari.{{cn|date=February 2017}}<br />
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In [[Bihar]], the community consists of a number clans such as the Bhiwal, Pandit and Chamria. They are employed by the municipal authorities as sweepers. A small number are now employed as daily wage labourers. The community now comprises Hindu and Muslim sections, and boundaries between the two groups is hardening. In past, the groups intermarried, but this is no longer the case. They speak the various local dialects of [[Hindi]], with very few having any knowledge of [[Urdu]].<ref name="S Gopal pages 608"/><br />
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The Lal Begi Scheduled Caste population in Uttar Pradesh at the [[2011 Census of India]] was 560.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/SC_ST/PCA-A10/SC-0900-PCA-A-10-ddw.xlsx |title= A-10 Individual Scheduled Caste Primary Census Abstract Data and its Appendix - Uttar Pradesh |publisher=Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=2017-02-06}}</ref><br />
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==See also==<br />
*[[Halalkhor]]<br />
*[[Pasmanda Muslim Mahaz]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
{{Indian Muslim}}<br />
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[[Category:Dalit Muslim]]<br />
[[Category:Scheduled Castes of Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Muslim communities of Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Social groups of Bihar]]</div>>Monkbot