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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2019}}
'''Lawrence Fernandes''' (1932-14 November 2005) was a socialist political leader from India. He was brother of [[George Fernandes]].<ref name=h>{{cite news|title=Lawrence Fernandes dead|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/11/15/stories/2005111519420300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080422044323/http://www.hindu.com/2005/11/15/stories/2005111519420300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 April 2008|accessdate=29 July 2014|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=15 November 2005}}</ref>

Lawrence Fernandes was born on 1932 to John Joseph Fernandes and Alice Martha Fernandes (''née'' Pinto), in Mangalore to a [[Mangalorean Catholic]] family.<ref name="daj">{{cite news|url=http://www.daijiworld.com/chan/achievers_view.asp?a_id=24 |title=A Knight in Shining Armour (A profile of union defence minister George Fernandes) |publisher=[[Daiji World|Daijiworld Media Pvt Ltd Mangalore]] |accessdate=1 January 2010 |first=Richie |last=Lasrado |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/65tFEsini?url=http://www.daijiworld.com/chan/achievers_view.asp?a_id=24 |archivedate= 3 March 2012 }}</ref> He was the second of six children, his siblings are George, Michael, Paul, Aloysius, and Richard.<ref name=h/>

During [[The Emergency (India)|the Emergency]], he was arrested on 1 May 1976<ref name=j>{{cite book|title=My Country and My Rulers by V B Kulkarni|date=1977|publisher=Jaico Press|page=282|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hoEdAAAAMAAJ&q=lawrence+fernandes+was+released+from+jail}}</ref> by the Government and brutally tortured<ref>{{cite book|title=Mother India: A Political Biography of Indira Gandhi By Pranay Gupte|date=2011|isbn=9788184755480|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NLrgzlclZKoC&q=lawrence+fernandes+was+released+from+jail&pg=PT530|accessdate=17 August 2014|last1=Gupte|first1=Pranay}}</ref> and held in illegal custody<ref name=i/> before being transferred to the [[Bangalore Central Jail]], to extract from him whereabouts of his elder brother
[[George Fernandes]]. [[Madhu Dandavate]], who was arrested and was in the same jail wrote a letter to [[Indira Gandhi]] that he is being inhumanely tortured and may even die.<ref name=m>{{cite book|title=Dialogue with Life|year=2005|page=78|isbn=9788177648560|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qmoiCCN2AK0C&q=lawrence+fernandes+brother+of+george&pg=PA78|accessdate=17 August 2014|last1=Dandavate|first1=Madhu}}</ref> Even [[Lal Krishna Advani]] in his book mentions about torture Lawrence had to go through in jail during the Emergency.<ref>{{cite book|title=My Country My Life By L. K. Advani|year=2008|isbn=9788129113634|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z6xQgPV5tXEC&q=lawrence+fernandes+brother+of+george&pg=PT257|last1=Advani|first1=L. K.}}</ref> He was continuously beaten up leading to several fractures all over his body.<ref name=i>{{cite book|title=India Since Independence: Making Sense Of Indian Politics By Ananth V. Krishna|date=2011|page=162|isbn=9788131734650|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8v7Vr2iQUHkC&q=lawrence+fernandes+was+released+from+jail&pg=PA162|ref=i|last1=Krishna|first1=Ananth V.}}</ref> At the time of his release at end of the Emergency he looked like a live skeleton.<ref name=i/> He was reduced to a mental and physical wreck in jail<ref>Human Rights in India: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on International Organizations of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, Ninety-fourth Congress, Second Session by United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on International Organizations - U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976 pp:120</ref> and after his release at the end of Emergency he lived many years as a wreck.<ref name=j/><ref name=i/>

Lawrence later said {{cquote|I did not break down despite third degree methods used by police. I was prepared to rather die than betray George and others.<ref>{{cite book|title=Commissions and Omissions in the Administration of Justice By Janak Raj Jai|year=1996|page=31|isbn=9788187498872|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S8xGeEtNwEsC&q=lawrence+fernandes+brother+of+george&pg=PA31|last1=Jai|first1=Janak Raj}}</ref>}}

He served as former Mayor of [[Bangalore]] in 1980 and as a corporator of the Richmond Town ward before 1980.<ref name=h/> In 1987-88 he unsuccessfully contested as a [[Janata Dal]] candidate for the Bangalore North Lok Sabha Constituency.<ref name=h/>

He died at Bangalore on 14 November 2005.<ref name=h/>

Lawrence Fernandes Foundation for the welfare and benefit of the poor and need was launched in his memory by his brothers George Fernandes, [[Michael Fernandes (politician)|Michael]], Aloysius and others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mangalorean.com/printarticle.php?arttype%3Dlocalnews%26newsid%3D47005 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-08-18 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819125935/http://www.mangalorean.com/printarticle.php?arttype=localnews&newsid=47005 |archivedate=2014-08-19 }}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Snehalatha Reddy]]
*[[Michael Fernandes (politician)|Michael Fernandes]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fernandes, Lawrence}}
[[Category:1932 births]]
[[Category:2005 deaths]]
[[Category:Mangaloreans]]
[[Category:Janata Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Janata Dal (United) politicians]]
[[Category:Politicians from Bangalore]]
[[Category:Indians imprisoned during the Emergency (India)]]
[[Category:Victims of police brutality]]
[[Category:Mayors of Bangalore]]
[[Category:Mayors of Mangalore]]
[[Category:Karnataka politicians]]

Lawrence Fernandes - Revision history

->GreenC bot at 20:52, 21 April 2021