https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Leimatak_RiverLeimatak River - Revision history2026-07-31T18:38:04ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Leimatak_River&diff=512073&oldid=prevSvetlqer at 23:46, 30 October 20252025-10-30T23:46:38Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox river<br />
| name = Leimatak<br />
| native_name = <br />
| native_name_lang = <br />
| name_other = Leimata<br />
| name_etymology = <br />
<!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --><br />
| image = <br />
| image_size = <br />
| image_caption = <br />
| map = <br />
| map_size = <br />
| map_caption = <br />
| pushpin_map = India Manipur#India<br />
| pushpin_map_size = <br />
| pushpin_map_caption= <br />
<!---------------------- LOCATION --><br />
| subdivision_type1 = Country<br />
| subdivision_name1 = [[India]]<br />
| subdivision_type2 = State<br />
| subdivision_name2 = [[Manipur]]<br />
| subdivision_type3 = <br />
| subdivision_name3 = <br />
| subdivision_type4 = <br />
| subdivision_name4 = <br />
| subdivision_type5 = <br />
| subdivision_name5 = <br />
<!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --><br />
| length = {{convert|74.6|km|abbr=on}}<br />
| width_min = <br />
| width_avg = <br />
| width_max = <br />
| depth_min = <br />
| depth_avg = <br />
| depth_max = <br />
| discharge1_location= <br />
| discharge1_min = <br />
| discharge1_avg = <br />
| discharge1_max = <br />
<!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --><br />
| source1 = Mamun Lhang peak<br />
| source1_location = [[Churachandpur district]]<br />
| source1_coordinates= {{coord|24.385|93.546|name=Mamun Lhang}}<br />
| source1_elevation = {{convert|1699|m}}<br />
| source2 = Nungsai hills<br />
| source2_location = [[Churachandpur district]]<br />
| source2_coordinates= {{coord|24.558|93.535|name=Nungsai}}<br />
| source2_elevation = {{convert|1692|m}}<br />
| mouth = Irang<br />
| mouth_location = near Tamlok, [[Tamenglong district]]<br />
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|24.8223|93.5062 |type:river_region:IN|format=dms|display=inline,title}}<br />
| mouth_elevation = {{convert|250|m}}<br />
| progression = [[Irang River|Irang]], [[Barak River|Barak]]<br />
| river_system = [[Brahmaputra]]<br />
| basin_size = {{convert|627|km2|abbr=on}}<br />
| tributaries_left = Thingbong<br />
| tributaries_right = Talai, Iring<br />
| custom_label = <br />
| custom_data = <br />
| extra = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Leimatak River''' (or '''Leimata River''')<ref name="KuRF"><br />
[https://ukhrultimes.com/kuki-research-forum-kurf-on-objective-historical-position-of-the-kukis-in-manipur/ Kuki Research Forum on objective historical position of the Kukis in Manipur], Ukhrul Times, 25 May 2022.<br />
</ref><br />
is an upstream [[tributary]] of the [[Barak River]] in [[Manipur]], India. It originates in the [[Churachandpur district]] near the '''Mamun Lhang''' peak (or Khaorang peak), and flows north for {{convert|34|km|abbr=on}} before entering the [[Noney district]]. After flowing an equal amount of distance in the Noney district, it enters the [[Tamenglong district]], where it drains into the [[Irang River]], a major tributary of the [[Barak River]].{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2011|p=25}}<br />
<br />
== Course ==<br />
The Mamun Lhang peak (1,699 m) is on a mountain range to the west of the [[Thangjing Hills]] range, running roughly parallel to it. The main head stream of Leimatak River, called '''Tuibin river,''' comes down from the peak on its west, flowing north. A second head stream, called '''Thingbong,''' flows south fom the hills around the '''Nungsai''' peak (1,692 m). The two streams meet near the Thangsi village and form the Leimatak River, flowing due northeast.<br />
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A tributary called '''Talai''' flows parallel to Tuibin/Leimatak, east of the Mamun Lhang range and west of the Thangjing Hills range collecting drainage from both.<br />
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The combined river flows northeast till the base of the Thangjing Hills range, and turns northwest, near the village of L. Phaikholum. The '''Leimatak Power Station''' is located here. Also called the '''Loktak Power Station''', it is powered by water from Loktak Lake, via a pipeline that is tunnelled through the Thangjing Hills. The Loktak Lake is at an elevation of 768 m above sea level, and the power station on Leimatak is at an elevation of 454 m. The resulting head is used to generate 105 MW of power. <ref><br />
[https://www.globecountries.com/power/loktak.html LOKTAK power station - India], globecountries.com, retrieved 10 March 2024.<br />
</ref><ref><br />
{{citation |last1=Ghosh Roy |first1=M. |last2=Virmani |first2=R. G. |title=Monitoring long term movement of hillslope and stability measures adopted in penstock area of Loktak power station |journal=Journal of Engineering Geology |volume=1 |number=1 |pages=255–271 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mainak-Ghosh-Roy/publication/306018742}}<br />
</ref><br />
<br />
Near the Pinjang village in the [[Noney district]], the Cachar–Bishnupur Road (or "Old Cachar Road") crosses the Leimatak River. The bridge is known as the Leimatak Bridge, and the locality itself is called "Leimatak" in historical documents.<br />
<br />
Near Awangkhal, a tributary called '''Iring''' joins the Leimatak River, which flows down from [[Noney]] in the northeast. The combined river flows west in the channel of Iring to join the [[Irang River]] near Tamlok. The Cachar-Imphal Road (or "New Cachar Road", part of [[National Highway 37 (India)|National Highway 37]]) runs in the valley of Iring, crossing the Irang River close to the confluence with Leimatak.<br />
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The overall length of the river is {{convert|74.6|km|abbr=on}} and the basin area is {{convert|627|km2|abbr=on}}.<ref><br />
{{citation |first1=E. |last1=Girija Devi |first2=Ch. |last2=Debojit Singh |first3=R.A.S. |last3=Kushwaha |chapter=Geomorphic Sub-Division of Leimatak Basin, Manipur |title=The North Eastern Geographer, Volume 28 |publisher=North East India Geographical Society |year=1997 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2YNKAQAAIAAJ |page=26}}<br />
</ref><br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The Old Cachar Road was the primary travel route between Manipur and the Indian plains. It was traversed often by traders, travellers, troops, as well as the rulers when they fled Burmese occupation. In one of the first such events, the ruler [[Ching-Thang Khomba]] (also called Bhagyachandra or Jai Singh, {{reign|1759|1798}}) fled Manipur during a Burmese occupation and used Cachar as his base. He is said to have made four attempts to oust the Burmese between 1775 and 1782, but beaten back each time. After 1782, the Burmese withdrew and left the kingdom to the ruler.{{sfnp|Harvey, History of Burma|1925|pp=261–262}}<br />
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Even 1786, the Ching-Thang Khomba mobilised his forces to attack the [[Kuki people|Kuki tribes]] to the west of the Leimatak River valley, based at a village called "Khongchai" in the [[Tuipui River]] valley.{{efn|Tuipui river is another tributary of the Irang River that flows north, parallel to the Leimatak River.}} The forces travelled up the Leimatak River valley up to a location called the '''Kuchu valley''' in the Tuibin headstream (at coordinates {{coord|24|26|57|N|93|32|36|E|name=Kuchu valley}} estimated by the Kuki Research Forum scholars), where they made their base. They also constructed a temporary royal residence there. From this base, they attacked the Khongjai villages (Kuki villages) in the Tuipui river valley across the hill range to the west.<ref name="KuRF"/>{{sfnp|Parratt, The Court Chronicle, Vol. 2|2009|pp=25–26}} The name "Kuchu" was apparently reused to name the king's court in the Kangla Complex, probably in remembrance of the victory over the Khongjais.{{sfnp|Parratt, The Court Chronicle, Vol. 2|2009|p=134}}<br />
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After Manipur became a British [[protectorate]], {{circa|1830}}, a frontier military post of Manipur was located at "Leimatak", possibly at the crossing of the Old Cachar Road. Other posts in the west were at the Khoupum valley and "Moirung Hills" (Thangjing Hills).<ref><br />
{{citation |last=Pau |first=Pum Khan |title=Indo-Burma Frontier and the Making of the Chin Hills: Empire and Resistance |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=2019 |isbn=9781000507454 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dVmnDwAAQBAJ |at=p. 67, Table 3.1}}<br />
</ref><br />
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==Notes==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
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==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
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==Bibliography==<br />
* {{citation |title=Churachandpur District Census Handbook |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur |year=2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/846/download/36252/DH_2011_1403_PART_A_DCHB_CHURACHANDPUR.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2011}}}}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Harvey |first=G. E.| title=History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824 |publisher=Frank Cass & Co. Ltd |year=1925 |location=London |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.9463 |via=archive.org |ref={{sfnref|Harvey, History of Burma|1925}}}}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=Parratt |first=Saroj Nalini Arambam |title=The Court Chronicle of the Kings of Manipur: The Cheitharon Kumpapa, Volume 2 |date=2009 |publisher=Foundation Books / Cambridge University Press India |isbn=978-81-7596-854-7 |ref={{sfnref|Parratt, The Court Chronicle, Vol. 2|2009}}}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/16008904#map=11/24.5793/93.6591&layers=C Leimatak River basin], OpenStreetMap, retrieved 10 March 2024<br />
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{{Hydrography of Manipur}}<br />
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[[Category:Rivers of Manipur]]</div>Svetlqer