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List of Indian musical instruments - Revision history
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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{short description|Bharatpedia list article}}<br />
{{no footnotes|date=February 2013}}<br />
[[File:Pulluvan pattu in Ashtamudi temple1.JPG|thumb|200px|Lady playing pulluvan veena]]<br />
'''Indian musical instruments''' can be broadly classified according to the [[Hornbostel–Sachs]] system into four categories: [[chordophone]]s (string instruments), [[aerophone]]s (wind instruments), [[membranophone]]s (drums) and [[idiophone]]s (non-drum percussion instruments).<br />
<br />
==[[Chordophones]]==<br />
<br />
===[[Plucked string instrument|Plucked strings]]===<br />
{|<br />
<br />
|width="150" valign="top"|<br />
* [[Bulbul Tarang]] <br />
* [[Dotara|Dotar, Dotora, or Dotara]]<br />
*Dhrupad<br />
* [[Ektara]] <br />
* [[Jhallari|Getchu Vadyam or Jhallari]] <br />
* [[Khamak|Gopichand or Gopiyantra or Khamak]] <br />
* [[Gottuvadhyam|Gottuvadhyam or Chitravina]]<br />
* Katho <br />
* [[Sarod]] <br />
* [[Sitar]]<br />
* [[Surbahar]] <br />
* [[Surshringar]]<br />
* [[Swarabat]]<br />
* [[Swarmandal]] <br />
* [[Tanpura|Tambura]]<br />
* [[Tritantri Veena]]<br />
<br />
|width="300" valign="top"|<br />
* [[Tumbi]]<br />
* Tuntuna <br />
* Magadi Veena <br />
* [[Hansa Veena]]<br />
* [[Mohan Veena]] <br />
* Nakula Veena <br />
* Nanduni<br />
* [[Pamiri rubab]]<br />
* [[Rudra Veena]]<br />
* [[Sagar Veena]] <br />
* [[Saraswati Veena]] <br />
* [[Vichitra Veena]]<br />
* [[Yazh]]<br />
* [[Ranjan veena|Ranjan Veena]]<br />
* [[Mayuri Veena]]<br />
* [[Rubab (instrument)]]<br />
* [[Triveni veena|Triveni Veena]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Bowed strings===<br />
[[File:Dhodro Banam.jpg|thumb|200px|Tribal fiddle instruments called "Dhodro Banam" used by Santhal people in Eastern India.]]<br />
* [[Chikara (instrument)|Chikara]] <br />
* [[Dhantara]]<br />
* [[Dilruba]]<br />
* Ektara violin <br />
* [[Esraj]] <br />
* Kamaicha<br />
* [[Kingri (string instrument)]] <br />
* Mayuri Vina or [[Taus (instrument)|Taus]] <br />
* [[Onavillu]]<br />
* Behala (violin type)<br />
* [[Pena (musical instrument)]]<br />
* [[Pinaka vina]]<br />
* Pulluvan Veena - one stringed violin <br />
* [[Ravanahatha]]<br />
* [[Sarangi]] <br />
* Classical [[Sarangi]] <br />
* [[Sarinda]] <br />
* [[Tar Shehnai]]<br />
* [[Villu Paatu]] - arched bow instrument<br />
+ [[Behala]] - Bengal Murshidabad Violin Persian "Behaaleh" (Restless)<br />
<br />
===Other string instruments===<br />
* Gethu or [[Jhallari]] - struck tanpura<br />
* [[Gubguba]] or Jamuku (khamak)<br />
* Pulluvan kutam<br />
* [[Santoor]] - Hammered dulcimer<br />
<br />
==[[Aerophones]]==<br />
<br />
===Single reed===<br />
*[[Pepa (musical instrument)|Pepa]]<br />
*[[Pungi]] or [[Pungi|Been]]<br />
[[File:Amber Fort-Jaipur-India0001.JPG|thumb|200px|Snake charmer playing pungi]]<br />
[[File:Banshri.jpg|thumb|200px|Bansuri player at [[Mehrangarh]] Fort at [[Jodhpur]].]]<br />
[[File:Dms7s5(1).jpg|thumb|200px|Indian [[Harmonium]]]]<br />
<br />
===Double reed===<br />
* [[Kuzhal]]<br />
* [[Mukhavina]] <br />
* [[Nadaswaram]]<br />
* [[Shehnai]]<br />
* [[Sundari (instrument)|Sundari]]<br />
* [[Tangmuri]]<br />
<br />
===Flute===<br />
* [[Alghoza]] - double flute <br />
* [[Bansuri]] <br />
* [[Venu]] (Carnatic flute) Pullanguzhal<br />
<br />
===Bagpipes===<br />
*[[Mashak]]<br />
*[[Titti (bagpipe)|Titti]]<br />
*[[Sruti upanga]]<br />
<br />
===Free reed===<br />
* [[Gogona]] <br />
* [[Morsing]]<br />
<br />
===Free reed and bellows===<br />
* [[Shruti box]]<br />
* [[Harmonium (hand-pumped)]]<br />
<br />
===Brass===<br />
* Bigul - see [[Bugle]]<br />
* [[Ekkalam]]<br />
* [[Karnal (instrument)|Karnal]]<br />
* [[Kombu (instrument)]]<br />
* [[Ramsinga]]<br />
* Kahal<br />
* [[Nagfani]]<br />
* Turi<br />
* [[Tutari]]<br />
<br />
==[[Membranophones]]==<br />
<br />
===Hand drums===<br />
[[File:Learn To Play Tabla.jpg|thumb|200px|Learning to play [[tabla]]]]<br />
[[File:Perc-tumbak.jpg|thumb|200px|Tumbaknaer, drum from Jammu and Kashmir for accompanying devotionals]]<br />
[[File:Peruvanam Kuttan Marar IMG 3074.JPG|thumb|200px|[[Chenda]] (top) and [[Chande]] (below) are different drums]]<br />
[[File:Chandeboy.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Chande]] of Yakshagana]]<br />
<br />
{|<br />
|width="100" valign="top"|<br />
* [[Dhadd|Dhad]]<br />
* [[Damru]]<br />
* Dimadi<br />
* [[Dhol]] <br />
* [[Dholak]]<br />
* [[Dholki]]<br />
* [[Duggi (drum)|Duggi]]<br />
* Ghat singhari or Gada Singari<br />
* [[Ghumot]]<br />
* Gummeta<br />
* [[Kanjira]]<br />
* [[Khol]]<br />
* Kinpar and Dhopar (Tribal Drums)<br />
* [[Madal]]<br />
* [[Mardala]]<br />
* [[Maddale]]<br />
* [[Maram (drum)|Maram]]<br />
* [[Mizhavu]]<br />
* [[Mridangam]]<br />
* [[Naal (drum)|Naal]]<br />
<br />
|valign="top"|<br />
* [[Pakhavaj]]<br />
* Pakhavaj Jori - Sikh instrument similar to Tabla<br />
* [[Panchamukha vadyam]]<br />
* [[Pung cholom]]<br />
* Shuddha Madalam or [[Maddalam]]<br />
* Tabala / Tabl / Chameli - goblet drum<br />
* [[Tabla]]<br />
* [[Tabla Tarang]] - set of Tablas<br />
* [[Tamate]]<br />
* Thanthi Panai<br />
* [[Thimila]]<br />
* [[Dumbek|Tumbak]], Tumbaknari, Tumbaknaer<br />
* [[Tumdak']]<br />
* [[Udukku]]<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Hand frame drums===<br />
* Daff, duff, daf or duf - medium or large frame drum without jingles, of Persian origin<br />
* Dubki, dimdi or dimri - small frame drum without jingles<br />
* [[Kanjira]] - small frame drum with one jingle<br />
* Kansi - small drum without jingles<br />
* [[Patayani thappu]] - medium frame drum played with hands<br />
<br />
===Stick and hand drums===<br />
* [[Chenda]]<br />
* [[Davul]]<br />
* [[Dhak (instrument)|Dhak]]<br />
* [[Dhimay]]<br />
* [[Dhol]]<br />
* [[Dholi]]<br />
* [[Dollu]]<br />
* [[Idakka]]<br />
* [[Thavil]]<br />
* [[Udukai]]<br />
* [[Urumi (drum)]]<br />
<br />
===Stick drums===<br />
* [[Chande]]<br />
* [[Davul]]<br />
* [[Kachhi Dhol]]<br />
* [[Naqareh#Indian Nagara|Nagara]] - pair of kettledrums<br />
* [[Pambai]] - unit of two cylindrical drums<br />
* Parai [[thappu]], halgi - frame drum played with two sticks<br />
* [[Sambal (drum)|Sambal]]<br />
* Stick daff or stick duff - daff in a stand played with sticks<br />
* [[Tamak']]<br />
* Tasha - type of [[kettledrum]]<br />
* Timki<br />
* [[Urumi (drum)|Urumee]]<br />
<br />
==Idiophones==<br />
[[File:JalTarang Omenad.jpg|thumb|right|[[Jaltarang]]]]<br />
[[File:BelurCTM 30 Nagaveena Dance.jpg|thumb |A medieval instrument, labeled ''nagaveena'' (snake veena), is a type of musical scraper.]]<br />
* [[Chigggjha]] - fire tong with brass jingles<br />
* [[Chengila]] - metal disc<br />
* [[Eltathalam]]<br />
* [[Gegvrer]] - brass vessel<br />
* [[Ghaynti]] - Northern Indian bell<br />
* [[Ghatam]] and Matkam (Earthenware pot drum)<br />
* [[Ghunyugroo]]<br />
* [[Khartal]] or Chiplya<br />
* [[Manjeewera]] or jhanj or taal<br />
* [[Nut (musical instrument)|Nut]] - clay pot<br />
* [[Sankarpjlnjang]] - lithophone<br />
* [[Thali (percussion)|Thali]] - metal plate<br />
* Thattukanvjzhi mannai<br />
* [[Yakshahgana bells]]<br />
<br />
===Melodic===<br />
*[[Jal tarang]], ceramic bowls with water<br />
* Kanch tarang, a type of [[glass harp]]<br />
* Kashtha tarang, a type of [[xylophone]]<br />
<br />
==Electronic==<br />
* [[Roland HandSonic]] <br />
* [[Electronic tanpura]]<br />
* Electronic (digital) tabla<br />
* Talameter<br />
<br />
== Sound samples ==<br />
*[http://www.superbrass.com/users/goodvibes/indiasounds.htm Sound Samples of Indian Instruments (non-commercial page)] Courtesy of [http://www.superbrass.com www.superbrass.com] (Links in that page not working 2019-02-05)<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[Music of India]]<br />
* [[List of Indian dances]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Indian musical instruments}}<br />
{{Rāgas as per Performance Time}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Indian musical instruments]]<br />
[[Category:Indian inventions|Musical instruments]]<br />
[[Category:Lists of musical instruments]]</div>
>Serols