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[[Madhya Pradesh]], a state in north-central India, is [[subtropical]] with substantial ({{Convert|1400|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}) monsoon rains that feed a large number of streams and rivers. The largest of these by volume is the [[Narmada River|Narmada]], followed by the [[Tapti River|Tapti]]. Madhya Pradesh falls in five major river basins. The northern part of the state falls within the [[Ganges Basin]] where the Betwa, Chambal and Son flow. South of the Ganges Basin is the Narmada Basin, the second largest by surface area. The other three basins cover small portions of Madhya Pradesh, namely the Mahi Basin to the west,<ref name="Mahi-Basin">{{Cite web|title=Mahi Basin |publisher=India-WRIS |url=http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Mahi |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117060122/http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Mahi |archive-date=17 January 2017 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref> the [[Tapi Basin]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tapi Basin |publisher=India-WRIS |url=http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Tapi |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117053543/http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Tapi |archive-date=17 January 2017 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref> and the [[Godavari River|Godavari Basin]] to the south.<ref name="Godavari-Basin">{{Cite web|title=Godavari Basin |publisher=India-WRIS |url=http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Godavari |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117055731/http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Godavari |archive-date=17 January 2017 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Amarasinghe, Upali|display-authors=etal|year=2005 |title=Spatial variation in water supply and demand across river basins of India |location=Colombo, Sri Lanka |publisher=International Water Management Institute |page=3 |isbn=978-92-9090-572-1 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=Zd1gAqwJTF0C&pg=PA3}}</ref>

== Ganges Basin: betwa ==
The Betwa drains off of the Deccan plateau. Originating in the Kumra village in [[Raisen district]] of Madhya Pradesh, the [[Betwa]] flows for 590 km (232 km in MP and 358 km in UP). After meandering through Madhya Pradesh, it enters the neighbouring state, Uttar Pradesh, and joins the river Yamuna (Jamna) in [[Hamirpur district, Uttar Pradesh|Hamirpur]]. The Betwa takes along with it the waters of the eastern [[Malwa]] plateau. The tributaries of the Betwa include the Bina, Yamini, Dhasan and Ken.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Sutcliffe, J. V. |author2=Agrawal, R. P. |author3=Tucker, J. M. |year=1981 |title=The water balance of the Betwa basin, India |journal=Hydrological Sciences Bulletin |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=149–158 |doi=10.1080/02626668109490872 |doi-access=free }}</ref> In ancient times, the Betwa was known as Vetrawati.

== Ganges Basin: Chambal ==
The [[Chambal River|Chambal]] originates from the [[Janapav]] Near [[Mhow]] Mountain in the [[Vindhya Range]], and flows northeast through [[Ujjain]], [[Ratlam]] and [[Mandsaur]], before entering [[Rajasthan]]. It reenters Madhya Pradesh after meandering through parts of Rajasthan and touches Morena and [[Bhind]]. Here are the infamous Chambal Ravines that have been and still are the safest refuge for [[dacoits]].

=== Shipra ===
The [[Shipra]] starts her journey in the Vindhya Range from a hill called Kokri Tekdi situated at a distance of 11 km from Ujjain. This river is 195 km long, out of which 93 km flow through Ujjain. It then touches Ratlam and Mandsaur, before joining the river Chambal in Gwalior . The main tributaries of the Shipra are the Khan and the Gambhir.

== Ganges Basin: Sone ==
The [[Sone River|Sone]], also called the Maikalsut because its source is in the Maikal Hills, originates in [[Anuppur District]] in the Amarkantak highlands of the [[Maikal Range]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 23 |author=Hunter, William Wilson | url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V23_082.gif |access-date=2014-06-06 |location=Oxford, England |publisher= Clarendon Press |pages=76–78}}</ref> Its chief tributaries are the [[Rihand River|Rihand]]<ref>{{cite web | url = http://surguja.nic.in/historical_background.htm | title = Surguja: Historical Background: The Rihand | publisher = Surguja district administration | access-date = 17 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100830171019/http://surguja.nic.in/historical_background.htm | archive-date = 30 August 2010 | url-status = dead }}</ref> and the [[North Koel River|North Koel]].<ref>{{Cite book| title = Gazetteer of Palamu District|url = http://www.palamu.nic.in/gazette/general_gazette.doc|access-date = 17 January 2017 }}</ref> and also include the Kewai, Tipan, Kunak, Murna, Johilla, Mahanadi, and the Rer.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Hughes, Theodore W. H. |year=1885 |chapter=Southern Coal-Fields of Kewah Gondwana Basin |title=Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Volume 21 |page=7 (143)|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S6MMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA143}}</ref>

=== Kewai ===
The [[Kewai River|Kewai]] arises in the [[Maikal Hills]] and flows in [[Shahdol District]] and Anuppur District and then into the Son River.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Hughes, Theodore W. H. |year=1885 |chapter=Southern Coal-Fields of Kewah Gondwana Basin |title=Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Volume 21 |page=57 (193)|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S6MMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA193}}</ref>

=== Tipan ===
The Tipan River merges into the Son at the town of [[Anuppur]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Existing Land Use Plan |work=Anuppur City Development Plan |publisher=City Managers' Association, Madhya Pradesh |url=http://www.e-mpcdp.com/Maps/Maps-Anuppur.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117041822/http://www.e-mpcdp.com/Maps/Maps-Anuppur.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2017 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref> It is subject to illegal gravel mining.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Illegal excavators with Two Tractors Charged |date=19 September 2014 |publisher=Pal-Pal India (पल-पल इंडिया) }}</ref>

=== Johilla ===
The [[Johila River|Johilla]] (Juhila) arises near Jaleswar Dham near Amarkantak, in the [[Maikal Hills]] and is a tributary of the Son.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Hughes, Theodore W. H. |year=1885 |chapter=Southern Coal-Fields of Kewah Gondwana Basin |title=Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Volume 21 |page=34 (170)|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S6MMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA170}}</ref>

=== Mahanadi ===
The Mahanadi tributary of the Son is distinct from the [[Mahanadi River|Mahanadi]] which originates in [[Chhattisgarh|Chhattisgarh state]] and flows east.
The political and mafia influence in western Madhya Pradesh's katni district's Ghunaur village has made this beautiful flowing perennial river worse than a drain . Once livelihood of the two villages namely Ghunaur and Barhata was inseparable of this river.

== Mahi Basin ==
In Madhya Pradesh the Mahi Basin consists of the headwaters of the Mahi in [[Dhar District|Dhar]] and [[Jhabua District|Jhabua]] districts; and the headwaters of the Anas River and Panam River in Jhabua District.<ref name="Mahi-Basin" />
This river crosses tropic of Cancer twice.

== Tapi Basin: Tapti ==
The Narmada, the Mahi and the [[Tapti River]] (Tapi) all flow westward into the Gulf of Khambat, of the Arabian Sea. The 724 km long Tapti is agriculturally very important as it drains an area of over 65,145sq km spread over Madhya Pradesh, [[Maharashtra]] and [[Gujarat]]. This river originates at a height of 762m in [[Betul district]] of Madhya Pradesh (to the south of the [[Satpura Range]]). The Tapti journeys almost parallel to the Narmada, though it is much shorter in length than the Narmada and has a smaller catchment area.

== Godavari Basin ==
In Madhya Pradesh the Godavari Basin consists of the headwaters of the [[Kanhan River|Kanhan]], including the [[Pench River|Pench]], and the headwaters of the [[Wainganga River]].<ref name="Godavari-Basin" />

==Notes and references==
{{Reflist}}
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[[Category:Rivers of Madhya Pradesh| ]]
[[Category:Madhya Pradesh-related lists|Rivers of Madhya Pradesh, List]]
[[Category:Lists of rivers of India|Madhya Pradesh, List of Rivers]]
[[Category:Rivers of India| ]]

List of rivers of Madhya Pradesh - Revision history

2409:4043:11C:396F:0:0:293E:48B0 at 07:32, 21 June 2021