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{{Short description|Indian caste}}
{{Distinguish |Lohani (disambiguation)}}
{{pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| image =
| group = Lohana
| poptime =
| popplace = India, Pakistan, South Africa, Europe
| langs = Primarily [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Kutchi language|Kutchi]], [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]
| rels = mainly [[Hinduism]] and [[Islam]]
| related = [[Gujarati people]] • [[Sindhi people]] • [[Khoja]] • [[Memon people|Memon]] • [[Dawoodi Bohras]] • [[Sulaymani Bohras]] • [[Alavi Bohras]]
}}
'''Lohana''' are a [[Hindu]] ''[[jāti|caste]]'', a trading or mercantile community mostly residing in India and some also in Pakistan.<ref name="RaychaudhuriKumarHabib1983">{{cite book | author1 = Tapan Raychaudhuri | author2 = Dharma Kumar | author3 = Irfan Habib | author4 = Meghnad Desai | date = 1983 | title = The Cambridge Economic History of India: Volume 2, C.1757-c.1970 | publisher = CUP Archive | pages = 340– | isbn = 978-0-521-22802-2 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=9ew8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA340}}</ref><ref name="Suleiman2010">{{cite book | author = Yasir Suleiman | date = 21 April 2010 | title = Living Islamic History: Studies in Honour of Professor Carole Hillenbrand | publisher = Edinburgh University Press | pages = 58– | isbn = 978-0-7486-4219-9 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=QRirBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA58}}</ref>

The Lohanas are divided into many separate cultural groups as a result of centuries apart in different regions. Thus there are significant differences between the culture, language, professions and societies of [[Gujarati people|Gujarati]] Lohanas and [[Kutchi people|Kutchi]] Lohanas from [[Gujarat]], India and [[Sindhi people|Sindhi]] Lohanas from [[Sindh]], Pakistan (the latter having largely migrated to India as well).

== Origin ==
The Lohanas belong to [[Vaishya]] caste, traditionally merchants in Hindu caste system, although they claim that they are of [[Kshatriya]] origin.<ref name="Falzon2004">{{cite book | author = Mark Anthony Falzon | date = 1 September 2004 | title = Cosmopolitan Connections: The Sindhi Diaspora, 1860–2000 | publisher = BRILL | pages = 32– | isbn = 978-90-474-0603-7 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=7StVEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA32|quote=With the exception of Bhatias and Brahmins, the various Hindu Sindhi jatis are all grouped under the Lohana caste which subsumes a vast conglomerate of Vaishya jatis. Lohanas are usually distinguished as being either Sindhi or Kutchi. These two share a common kinship metaphor and myth of (Kshatriya) origin.}}</ref><ref name="Pande2022">{{cite book | author = Mrinal Pande | date = 24 June 2022 | title = Popular Hinduism, Stories and Mobile Performances: The Voice of Morari Bapu in Multiple Media | publisher = Routledge | pages = | isbn = 978-1-00-060464-1 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=eNhsEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT165|quote=Lohana— The Lohana are an Indian caste, traditionally merchants. Although considered to be Vaishya in the Hindu ritual ranking system known as varna, they favour a mythical origin as members of the Kshatriya varna.}}</ref>

According to [[André Wink]], at least in the Muslim sources, Lohanas appear to be subdivisions of the Jats or to be put on a par with the Jats of [[Brahmin dynasty of Sindh|Chacha's Sind]].<ref name="Wink 2002 p.158 ">{{cite book | last=Wink | first=A. | title=Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World. Early medieval India and the expansion of Islam 7th-11th centuries. Vol. 1 | publisher=Brill Academic Publishers | year=2002 | isbn=978-0-391-04125-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3p-czgEACAAJ | access-date=2022-08-02 | pages=158–159|quote=The Lohana, Lakha, Samma, Sahtah, Chand (Channa)....which appear, at least in the Muslim sources, to be subdivisions of the Jats or to be put on a par with the Jats.}}</ref> According to David Cheesman, the Lohana who immigrated from Punjab to Sindh in the distant past, may have been descended from the people also known as Lohana who fled from [[Sindh]] after the Arab conquest of 711.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cheesman |first1=David |title=Landlord Power and Rural Indebtedness in Colonial Sind |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781136794490 |pages=45-46 |quote=The majority of Hindus in Sind were not Rajputs. They were Lohanos who had emigrated from the Punjab in the distant past. They may have been descended from the people also known as Lohanos who fled from Sind after the Arab conquest of 711.}}</ref> Matthew A. Cook argues that many Punjabis migrated to Sindh during the eighteenth century and got assimilated into the Lohana community.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kothari |first1=Rita |last2=Thadhani |first2=Jasbirkaur |title=Sindhi Sikhs in India: The Missing People |journal=South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies |date=October 2016 |volume=39 |issue=4 |pages=873–890 |doi=10.1080/00856401.2016.1233716 |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/00856401.2016.1233716 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |language=en |issn=0085-6401 |quote=Mathew Cook, for example, argues that many Punjabis migrated to Sindh during the eighteenth century and were eventually absorbed into the Lohana community, an all-encompassing community that includes the vast majority of the Hindus of Sindh.|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

U.T Thakur writes that there are many similarities between [[Arora]]s, [[Khatri]]s, [[Bhanushali]]s and Lohanas, all of whom recruited [[Saraswat Brahmins]] as priests. [[Suhail Zaheer Lari|Lari]] says the [[Bhatia caste|Bhatias]], Khatris and Lohanas even intermarried.{{Sfn|Schaflechner|2018|pp=71—75}} Schaflechner cites the historian Rowe who states that "low ranking"{{efn|These Saraswat Brahmins from Balochistan were considered low caste and called 'Sindhur'.}} Saraswat Brahmins originating in Balochistan formed a symbiotic relationship with castes such as Khatris, Lohanas, etc. who were trying to raise their varna status – which in turn would benefit the Saraswat Brahmins as well. For this purpose, certain religious texts were written during the British Raj era.{{sfn|Schaflechner|2018|pp=59–60}}

However, as per Pierre Lachaier, their name derives from the city of Lohargadh in [[Lahore]] district of Punjab (now in Pakistan).<ref name="p" /> Before their traditional occupation of traders, both the Lohanas and Bhatias were involved in the profession of agriculture. Goswami states that their ritual position was "ambiguous", and "they were considered neither a high nor a low caste".<ref name="Goswami2016">{{cite book | author = Chhaya Goswami | date = 18 February 2016 | title = Globalization before Its Time: The Gujarati Merchants from Kachchh | publisher = Penguin UK | pages = | isbn = 9789385890703 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=a9GECwAAQBAJ&pg=PT28}}</ref>

== Sub-divisions ==
===Sindhi Lohana===
Vast majority of [[Sindhi Hindus]] are Lohanas.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ramey|first=S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bv2ADAAAQBAJ&dq=lohana+cook&pg=PA19|title=Hindu, Sufi, or Sikh: Contested Practices and Identifications of Sindhi Hindus in India and Beyond|date=2008-10-27|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-230-61622-6|language=en}}</ref> Sindhi Lohanas have since been divided into several groups, among which are a traditionally more educated "upper section" called "Amils", who served as scribes to the Muslim rulers and a less educated "lower section" called "Bhaibands", who were traders:<ref>{{cite book|last=Falzon|first=Mark-Anthony|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ljbS-I5Y8WMC&pg=PA34|title=Cosmopolitan connections: the Sindhi diaspora, 1860–2000|year=2004|isbn=978-9004140080|pages=34, 35}}</ref><ref name="AntunesFatah-Black2016">{{cite book | editor1 = Cátia Antunes | editor2 = Karwan Fatah-Black | date = 14 April 2016 | title = Explorations in History and Globalization | publisher = Routledge | pages = 70– | isbn = 978-1-317-24384-7 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=QlP7CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA70}}</ref> [[File:Lohana Amils, Hindoos, Sind (NYPL b13409080-1125564).jpg|thumb|Sindhi Lohana Amil's.|251x251px]]
* [[Amils]] : The "upper section" of educated Lohanas who served the Muslim dynasties as scribes in Sindh. In the 18th–19th century, they began working for the British. They currently are generally involved in clerical jobs in government offices, as working in posts of revenue collectors and other senior positions. They originally composed 10–15% of the Lohana community continued to draw members from those castes.{{Sfn|Schaflechner|2018|p=73}}<ref name="AntunesFatah-Black2016"/>
* [[Bhaiband]]s : The less educated of "lower section", mainly involved in trade and commerce and so mostly merchants. Most were shopkeepers and money-lenders. The community was involved in international and trade in interior of Sindh even before the arrival of the British. They also played an important part in the development of the city of [[Karachi]].<ref name="AntunesFatah-Black2016"/>
* [[Sahitis]]: placed somewhere between Amils and Bhaibands, they could be either in government service or traders.

For hundreds of years, the Sindhi Lohanas absorbed other communities from the western [[Indian subcontinent]].{{Sfn|Schaflechner|2018|p=73}} The Lohanas of [[Sindh]] became an important trading community in Sindh during the [[Kalhora]] rule.<ref>{{harvnb|Schaflechner|2018|loc=''Hinglaj in Perspective''|p=73}}: "Lachaier claims that in the nineteenth century, the Lohanas were the most important trading community in the areas of Sindh, Kutch, and Saurashtra. One reason for this was the established rule of the Kalhoras in Sindh in the eighteenth century, which brought new business opportunities for merchant professions."</ref>

==History==
[[Alauddin Khalji|Ala-Din Khilji]] (1296–1316) mounted a number of campaigns in the region battling the [[Soomra dynasty|Sumra princes]] whose cycle of capitulation/rebellion could be charted exactly to the perceived military stress on the metropole. Yet, the Delhi Sultans and their governor rarely resorted to invading Sumra held territories – relying, instead, on alliances with tribal elite and local power struggles. Against the Sumras, Khiljl advanced the cause of [[Samma (tribe)|Samma]]. The conflict guaranteed a rolling supply of princes and tribal chiefs wanting alliances with the center. The tussle for dominance between the Sumras and the Samma lasted until the reign of Firuz Shah Tughluq (1351–1388), when the Jam emirs of Samma were finally able to end Sumra dominance, taking over lower Sindh.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ahmed|first=Manan|url=https://archive.org/details/TheManyHistoriesOfMuhammadB.Qasim/page/n108/mode/1up|title=The many histories of Muhammad b. Qasim: Narrating the Muslim conquest of Sindh – page – 99|date=2008|publisher=The University of Chicago|language=En}}</ref>
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| image1 = Lowana Women (9938634413).jpg
| width1 = 200
| caption1 = Lohana women in western India (c. 1855–1862)
| image2 = Lohannas (9805958365).jpg
| width2 = 200
| caption2 =Lohana men in western India (c. 1855–1862)
}}

===Formation of Khoja and Memon Islamic communities===
The community's oral history says that the decline of their community began after the death of Veer Dada Jashraj. It also says that their name derives from the city of Lohargadh (/Lohanpur/Lohkot) in [[Lahore]], from which they migrated in the 13th century after the establishment of Muslim rule there.<ref name=p/>

[[Pir Sadardin]] converted some Lohanas to the [[Shia]] [[Ismaili]] [[Nizari]] sect of [[Islam]] in the 15th century. As Lohanas were worshippers of [[Shakti]], the emergence of a devotional Ismaili oral tradition that incorporated indigenous conceptions of religion, known as [[ginans]], played a role in the forming of a new ethnic caste-like grouping. This group came to be known as [[Khoja]]s (from [[Khawaja]]), a title given by Sadardin, that would predominantly merge into what is now understood as the Nizari Ismaili branch of Shia Islam.<ref name="asani">{{Cite journal|last=Asani|first=Ali S.|date=2001-07-01|title=The Khojahs of South Asia: Defining a Space of their Own|journal=Cultural Dynamics|language=en|volume=13|issue=2|pages=155–168|doi=10.1177/092137400101300202|s2cid=143013406|issn=0921-3740}}</ref>

In 1422, Jam Rai Dan was tribal leader in [[Sindh]] during the [[Samma Dynasty]]; he was converted to Islam by Sayad Eusuf-ud-Din and he adopted a new name Makrab Khan. At that time a person named Mankeji was head of 84 [[surname|nukhs]] of Lohanas, who were in favour in court of that Samma king. He was persuaded by ruler and the Qadri to convert to Islam. However, not all Lohanas were ready to convert from [[Hinduism]]. But 700 Lohana families comprising some 6,178 persons converted in [[Thatta District|Thatta]], Sindh. These are now known as [[Memon people|Memons]] (from [[Mumin]]s).<ref name="engineer">{{cite book|title=The Muslim communities of Gujarat: an exploratory study of Bohras, Khojas, and Memons|first=Asgharali |last=Engineer|pages=42–44|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hY5AAAAAMAAJ|publisher=Ajanta Publications|year=1989|isbn=9788120202306 }}</ref>

===Post-partition===
After the [[partition of India]] in 1947, Lohanas from Kutch and Sindh migrated in large numbers to [[Gujarat]], mostly to [[Kutch]], [[Ahmedabad]] and [[Vadodara]]. Many also settled in [[Maharashtra]] in [[Mumbai]], [[Mulund]], [[Pune]], and [[Nagpur]].{{Sfn|Lachaier|1999|p=65}}

===Overseas diaspora===
Thousands of Hindu [[Gujarati people|Gujaratis]] left India between 1880–1920 and migrated to [[British colonies]] in the [[African Great Lakes]] region of [[Uganda]], [[Kenya]] and [[Tanganyika (territory)|Tanganyika]]. A significant number of these came from the [[Patidar]] and Gujarati Lohana communities.<ref>{{cite book|last=Herbert|first=J.|url=https://lra.le.ac.uk/handle/2381/31063|title=Contested terrains: negotiating ethnic boundaries in the city of Leicester since 1950 (Doctoral dissertation, History)|year=2004|page=25|access-date=2017-04-15|archive-date=2017-04-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170416044730/https://lra.le.ac.uk/handle/2381/31063|url-status=dead}}</ref> At that time, however, there was already a bustling merchant class diaspora of [[Gujarati Muslims]] in these countries.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Oonk|first=G..|year=2004|title=The Changing Culture of Hindu Lohanas in East Africa|url=http://www.asiansinafrica.com/bestanden/Changing_Culture.pdf|url-status=dead|journal=Contemporary Asians Studies|volume=13|pages=83–97|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425085509/http://www.asiansinafrica.com/bestanden/Changing_Culture.pdf|archive-date=2012-04-25|access-date=2011-10-02}}</ref>

The Lohana migrants to East Africa, of which there were 40,000 in 1970,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gregory|first1=Robert G.|url=https://archive.org/details/risefallofphil00greg|title=The rise and fall of philanthropy in East Africa : the Asian contribution|date=1992|publisher=Transaction Publishers|isbn=978-1-56000-007-5|location=New Brunswick, U.S.A.|page=[https://archive.org/details/risefallofphil00greg/page/28 28]|url-access=registration}}</ref> came mainly from the Saurashtran cities of [[Jamnagar]] and [[Rajkot]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Kalka|first=I.|url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1588/1/U144910.pdf|title=A case study of urban ethnicity: Harrow Gujaratis (Doctoral dissertation, London School of Economics and Political Science (United Kingdom)|year=1986|page=74}}</ref> Many Lohanas set up businesses in those countries, two of the most successful being those set up by [[Nanji Kalidas Mehta]] and [[Muljibhai Madhvani]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Gregory|first=Robert|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=juZ5q6bttEoC&pg=PA53|title=The Rise and Fall of Philanthropy in East Africa: The Asian's Contribution|year=1992|isbn=9781412833356|page=53}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Bennett|first=Charles Joseph|title=Persistence Amid Adversity:The Growth and Spatial Distribution of the Asian Population of Kenya, 1902–1963|publisher=Syracuse University|year=1976|page=182|quote=Probably the success of the most prominent Lohana families in Uganda, Nanji Kalidas Mehta and Sons, M. P. Madhvani and D. K. Hindocha had much influence on Lohana migration from Porbandar and Jamnagar}}</ref>

In the later part of 20th century, following the independence of British colonies, and particularly after [[Idi Amin]]'s [[Expulsion of Asians from Uganda|expulsion order for South Asians in 1972]], most Lohanas moved to the [[United Kingdom]], and to a lesser extent to [[United States]] and [[Canada]].<ref name="gb">{{cite book|last=Burghart|first=Richard|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nUsOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA34|title=Hinduism in Great Britain: the perpetuation of religion in an alien cultural|year=1987|isbn=9780422609104}}</ref> In the UK, the highest concentration of Lohanas and other Gujarati Hindu communities is around the [[West London]] suburbs of [[Wembley]] and [[Harrow, London|Harrow]], and the city of [[Leicester]] in the [[East Midlands]] region of [[England]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Thompson|first=Linda|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3hvHeG77s1oC&pg=PA1|title=Young bilingual children in nursery schools|date=2000|publisher=Multilingual Matters|isbn=978-1853594540|location=Clevedon, England|pages=10–11}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Firth|first1=Shirley|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pYNXC-HK1u0C&q=lohana&pg=PR8|title=Dying, death and bereavement in a British Hindu community|date=1997|publisher=Peeters|isbn=978-90-6831-976-7|location=Leuven|page=21}}</ref>

==Society and culture==
Lohanas largely follow Hindu rituals and worship [[Hindu deities]] such as [[Krishna]]. They worship avatars of [[Vishnu]] such as Rama with his consort [[Sita]] and Krishna in the form of [[Shrinathji]]. They worship [[Shakti]] in the form of Ravirandal Mataji, and [[Parvati|Ambika]]. The 19th century saints [[Jalaram Bapa]], and [[Yogiji Maharaj]], also attract many Lohana devotees. Their main [[Kuladevata|clan deities]] are [[Rana Jashraj|Veer Dada Jashraj]], [[Harkor|Harkor Ba]], Sindhvi Shree Sikotar Mata and [[Dariyalal]]. The Sun is also worshipped by the community.<ref name=p>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j-xSUpZrzgMC&q=lohana+jasraj&pg=PA70 |title=Firmes et entreprises en Inde: la firme lignagère dans ses réseaux |first= Pierre |last=Lachaier| pages= 70–73|language=fr|isbn=9782865379279 |date=1999-01-01 }}</ref> Some Lohana branches worship Hinglaj as a clan goddess.{{Sfn|Schaflechner|2018|pp=71—75}}

Sindhi Lohanas eat meat and drink alcohol.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Boivin |first=Michel |title=Devotion, Religious Authority, and Social Structures in Sindh: Khojas, Vanyos, and Faqirs |publisher=Brill |year=2024 |pages=138}}</ref>

== Surnames ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Sub-Caste
!Surnames<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Hanks|first1=Patrick|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0AyDDQAAQBAJ&q=lohana|title=The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland|last2=Coates|first2=Richard|last3=McClure|first3=Peter|date=2016-11-17|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-252747-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sharma|first=Monika|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rwjQBQAAQBAJ&dq=lohana+surnames&pg=PT59|title=Socio-Cultural Life of Merchants in Mughal Gujarat|date=2014-12-03|publisher=Partridge Publishing|isbn=978-1-4828-4036-0|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=U.T Thakur|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.548293|title=Sindhi Culture|year=1959}}</ref>
|-
|Gujarati and Kutchi Lohana
|Akhani Adwani Aahiya, Adhia, Ajwani, Ambiya, Amlani,Motwani,Mirchandani, Adatia, Anadkat, Barai, Bhatadi, Bhayani, Bhimani, Bhimjiyani, Bhojani,Chugani, Chadupotra, Chandan, Chandarana, Chug, Dattani, Davda, Devani, Dhanak, Dhakar, Gadhiya, Gajan, Gajjar, Gakhar, Gandhi, Gatha,Gokani, Hindocha, Jobanputra, Kataria,Kakkad, Kanabar, Kanani, Katira, Khakkar,Khandhadiya,Khilochia, Kotak, Kotecha, Ladhak, Lodhiya,Manghirmalani Madan, Madlani, Madhvani, Majithia,Mamtora, Manek, Mapara,Kariya, Thakkar, Ganatra, Mahtani Mashru, Nathwani, Pandhi, Popat, Pujara, Raimagia, Raja, Rajvir, Rariya, Ruparel, Raychura, Sachdev, Shakrani, Sejpal,Sunchak, Tanna, Pabari, Thakaral, Unadkat, Vasani, Vasant, Vithlani.
|-
|Sindhi Amil Lohana
|[[Advani]], [[Ahuja]], Ajwani, barai,Bathija, Bhavnani, Bijlani, Chhablani, Chugan, [[Dadlani]], Daryani, [[Dudani]], [[Gidwani]], [[Hingorani]], [[Idnani]], Issrani, Jagtiani, [[Jhangiani]], Kandharani, Karnani, Kewalramani, Khubchandani, Kriplani, [[Lalwani]], Mahtani, [[Makhija]], [[Malkani]], Manghirmalani. Manshani, Mansukhani, Mirchandani, [[Makhija|Mukhija]], Panjwani, Punwani, [[Ramchandani]], Rijhsanghani, [[Sadarangani]], Shahani, Sipahimalani, Sippy, Sitlani, Takthani, Thadani, [[Vaswani]], [[Wadhwani]] and Uttamsinghani
|-
|Sindhi Bhaiband Lohana
|Aishani, Agahni, Anandani, Aneja, Ambwani, Asija, Bablani, [[Bajaj (surname)|Bajaj]], Bhagwani, Bhaglani, [[Bhagnani]], [[Balani (surname)|Balani]], Baharwani, [[Biyani]], Bodhani, [[Chabria|Chhabria]], [[Channa]], Chothani, Dalwani, [[Damani (name)|Damani]], [[Dhingra|Dhingria]], Dolani, Dudeja, Ganda ,Gajwani, Gangwani, Ganglani, Gyanani, Gulrajani, Hotwani, Harwani, Jamtani, Jobanputra, [[Juneja]], Jumani, Kateja, Kodwani, Khabrani, Khairajani, Khanchandani, [[Lakhani tribe|Lakhani]], [[Lanjwani]], Longan, Lachhwani, Ludhwani, [[Lulia]], Lokwani, Mamtani, [[Mirani (tribe)|Mirani]], [[Mirwani]], Mohinani, Mulchandani, [[Nihalani]], Nankani, Nathani, Parwani, Phull, [[Qaimkhani]], Ratlani, Rajpal, Rustamani, Ruprela, Sambhavani, Santdasani, [[Soneji]], [[Sethia]], Sewani, Tewani, Tejwani, Tilokani, Tirthani, [[Wassan]], [[Vangani]], Vishnani, Visrani, Virwani and Valbani
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{notelist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{wikisource inline|Castes and Tribes of Southern India/Lohana}}
*{{Cite book |last=Schaflechner |first=Jürgen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=khBADwAAQBAJ |title=Hinglaj Devi: Identity, Change, and Solidification at a Hindu Temple in Pakistan |date=2018 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-085052-4 |language=en}}

{{commons category-inline}}

{{Sindhi tribes}}
[[Category:Lohana| ]]
[[Category:Sindhi tribes in India]]
[[Category:Hindu communities of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Vaishya community]]
[[Category:Sindhi tribes]]

Lohana - Revision history

Mpsep15 at 03:11, 25 April 2026