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{{Infobox film
| name = La lunga notte del '43
| image = Lunganotte43-Cervi-Salerno.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Gino Cervi and Enrico Maria Salerno in a scene of the movie
| director = [[Florestano Vancini]]
| producer = [[Tonino Cervi]] Alessandro Jacovoni
| writer = Florestano Vancini [[Ennio De Concini]] [[Pier Paolo Pasolini]]
|based_on = novel by [[Giorgio Bassani]]
| starring = [[Belinda Lee]] [[Gabriele Ferzetti]] [[Enrico Maria Salerno]] [[Andrea Checchi]] [[Nerio Bernardi]] [[Raffaella Carrá]] Isa Querio Alice Clements Loris Bazzocchi Carlo Di Maggio Silla Bettini [[Gino Cervi]]
| music = [[Carlo Rustichelli]]
| cinematography = [[Carlo Di Palma]]
| editing = [[Nino Baragli]]
| distributor =Euro International Film
|studio = Ajace Produzioni Cinematografiche Euro International Film (EIA)
| released = 1960
| runtime = 110 minutes
| country = Italy
| language = Italian
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Long Night in '43''''' (Italian: '''La Lunga Notte del '43''') is an Italian film of 1960 set in [[Ferrara]], in the [[Italian Social Republic]] German puppet state during the late stages of the [[Second World War]]. It was directed by [[Florestano Vancini]] and adapted by Vancini, [[Ennio De Concini]] and [[Pier Paolo Pasolini]] from a short story by [[Giorgio Bassani]]. The film stars [[Enrico Maria Salerno]], [[Gino Cervi]], [[Belinda Lee]], [[Gabriele Ferzetti]] and [[Andrea Checchi]].

It was also known as '''''The Long Night of '43''''' or '''''It Happened in '43'''''. The original Italian title was '''''La lunga notte del '43'''''.

In 2008 the film was selected to enter the list of the "[[100 film italiani da salvare|100 Italian films to be saved]]".<ref>Massimo Bertarelli, ''Il cinema italiano in 100 film: i 100 film da salvare'', Gremese Editore, 2004, {{ISBN|88-8440-340-5}}.
</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Massimo Borriello|title=Cento film e un'Italia da non dimenticare|url=http://www.movieplayer.it/film/articoli/cento-film-e-un-italia-da-non-dimenticare_4261/|accessdate=19 April 2013|newspaper=Movieplayer|date=4 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Ecco i cento film italiani da salvare|url=http://www.corriere.it/spettacoli/08_febbraio_28/elenco_cento_film_d83cacd8-e5ce-11dc-ab61-0003ba99c667.shtml|accessdate=19 April 2013|newspaper=[[Corriere della Sera]]|date=28 February 2022}}</ref>

==Plot==
In a town in the province of Ferrara in 1943, a pharmacist by the name of Pino is permanently crippled and unable to walk without crutches. He observes the town's activities from his upstairs window while his lonely wife Anna begins an affair with Franco, an old friend, and a deserter from the army.

Local Fascist leader Carlo Aretusi, better known as 'Sciagura' ('Calamity'), wants to assassinate his opponents in the Fascist party and blame it on some [[Italian resistance movement|resistance]] supporters, including Franco's father.

On the night of 15 December, while Anna is out with Franco, Sciagura orders the suspected assassins to be shot in front of a wall of [[Castello Estense|Estense Castle]]. Pino can see everything from his window but doesn't say a word.

Anna returns from Franco's home to find the bodies of the executed victims lying in the street where they fell and confronts Pino. Anna is then rejected by Franco and leaves town.

The townspeople follow the Fascists into the town square for a rally to celebrate the defeat of "traitors".

It is revealed that Pino's disability is due to syphilis, which he caught when Sciagura forced him into a brothel at gunpoint after participating in the [[March on Rome]].

Years later, after the war, Franco returns to the town with his wife and son, and shows them a plaque located where his father was killed. He runs into Sciagura, who seems happy and content and ha no regrets about what he did during the war. He says Franco looks like his father.

==Cast==
*[[Enrico Maria Salerno]] as Pino Barillari
*[[Belinda Lee]] as Anna Barillari
*[[Gabriele Ferzetti]] as Franco Villani
*[[Gino Cervi]] as Carlo Aretusi aka "Sciagura"
*[[Andrea Checchi]] as Chemist
*[[Nerio Bernardi]] as Mr. Villani
*Isa Querio as Mrs. Villani
*[[Raffaella Carrà|Raffaella Pelloni]] as Ines Villani, Franco's sister
*Loris Bazzocchi as Vincenzi
*Carlo Di Maggio as Mario Bolognesi
*Alice Clements as Blanche Villani, Franco's wife
*Silla Bettini as Undocumented Man

==Production==
The film was based on a 1955 novella by Giorgio Bassani, which was based on the real murder of eleven people in Ferrara on 15 November 1943 at Estense Castle who were killed by Fascists in response to the assassination of Fascist leader [[Igino Ghisellini]].<ref name="acts">Disappearing acts: disability, gender, and the memory of Fascism in Italian film
Hill, Sarah Patricia. Modern Italy : Journal of the Association for the Study of Modern Italy; Abingdon Vol. 22, Iss. 2, (May 2017): 155-166.</ref><ref>SHORTER REVIEWS (Book Review)
New Statesman and Nation; London Vol. 50, Iss. 1269, (Jul 2, 1955): 23.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ferraraebraica.meis.museum/en/eccidio_castello/|title=Massacre at the Castle|website=Ferrare Museum}}</ref>

The film was produced by Tonio Cervi who gave [[Bernardo Bertolucci]] his first chance to direct a film and was producer of the first films in colour by [[Michelangelo Antonioni]], [[Federico Fellini]] and [[Francesco Rosi]]. ''Long Night in '43'' was the directorial debut of documentary maker [[Florestano Vancini]].<ref name="guard"/> It was one of a number of Italian movies made around this period to deal with World War Two.<ref>FILMS ALONG THE TIBER: Young Director Steps Into Spotlight -- Wartime Themes Gain Favor
By ROBERT F. HAWKINS. New York Times 28 Aug 1960: X7.</ref><ref>The Year of "La Dolce Vita"
Morandini, Morando. Sight and Sound; London Vol. 29, Iss. 3, (Summer 1960): 123.</ref> Filming took place in Italy in early 1960.<ref>{{cite news|title=Our romance is over, says Belinda|date=December 11, 1959|newspaper=Daily Mail (London, England) |page= 1}}</ref>

According to the ''Guardian'' "Tonino's father played the role of a fascist bully, causing some controversy among those who identified him with the communist antagonist of Don Camillo.:<ref name="guard">Obituary: Tonino Cervi: Producer who played a pivotal role in the careers of Bertolucci, Pasolini, Antonioni, Fellini and Rosi
Lane, John Francis. The Guardian; London (UK) [London (UK)]04 Apr 2002: 1.22.</ref>

The movie was a breakthrough credit for cinematographer Carlo di Palma.<ref>Obituary of Carlo Di Palma Lighting cameraman who shot Antonioni's Blow-Up and filmed Woody Allen's pictures of the 1980s and 1990s
The Daily Telegraph 17 July 2004: 25.</ref>

==Reception==
''Variety'' called it "a well made straightforward vehicle which brings to life once more some of the more dramatic moments in recent Italian history... Major impact, however, is on the local ticket buyer, who is able to catch nuances and the import of dialog, scenes, and action. Export values appear to indicate specialized slotting only." It said the director had "a good feeling for period atmosphere" but said the film "keys a certain lack of drama which results in long stretches of tedium where crisper handling would have won a wider audience. For a production treating such heartfelt problems, the pic rarely grips nor is the illicit love affair moving or believable."
"<ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=Variety|url=https://archive.org/details/variety220-1960-09/page/n5/mode/1up?q=%22belinda+lee%22 |title=Long Night of 1943|date=7 September 1960|pages=6, 15}}</ref>

According to an academic paper, "The ending of the film emphasises the erasure of Pino and Anna, the disabled and sexually transgressive witnesses who vanish from the screen and from the story without ever telling what they have seen. But it also shows the complicated interplay of memory and amnesia that allows the murder victims to be memorialised... [and] calls into question the shiny new 'normality' of boom-time Italy and suggests that it rests on a collective and willful failure to remember the past.}<ref name="acts"/>

''Filmink'' said Lee was "excellent".<ref name="bomb">{{cite magazine|first=Stephen|last=Vagg|magazine=Filmink|title=A Tale of Two Blondes: Diana Dors and Belinda Lee|date=September 7, 2020|url=https://www.filmink.com.au/a-tale-of-two-blondes-diana-dors-and-belinda-lee/}}</ref>

==Awards==
At the 1960 [[Venice Film Festival]], the film won Vancini the award for Best First Work and a nomination for the [[Golden Lion]] (losing out to ''[[Le Passage du Rhin]]'').<ref>Obituaries: FLORESTANO VANCINI
Day, Michael. Variety; Los Angeles Vol. 412, Iss. 7, (Sep 29-Oct 5, 2008): 71</ref><ref>The Festivals: Venice: Edinburgh: Berlin
Sight and Sound; London Vol. 29, Iss. 4, (Fall 1960): 184.</ref>

Enrico Maria Salerno won a [[Silver Ribbon]] for Best Supporting Actor at the 1961 Italian National Syndicate of Film Journalists awards.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|0054039|Long Night in 1943}}
*[https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b6af64023 Long Night in 1943] at BFI
*[https://letterboxd.com/film/the-long-night-of-43/ Long Night in 1943] at Letterbox DVD
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Long Night In 1943}}
[[Category:1960s Italian-language films]]
[[Category:1960 films]]
[[Category:Italian Campaign of World War II films]]
[[Category:Italian black-and-white films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Florestano Vancini]]
[[Category:Films scored by Carlo Rustichelli]]
[[Category:Italian Social Republic]]

Long Night in 1943 - Revision history

Bot at 18:21, 1 July 2022