91.235.65.22 at 15:40, 12 December 2022

2022-12-12T15:40:32Z

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{{Taxobox
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>BirdLife International. 2012. [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/100600243/0 ''Lophophs impejanus''.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031072303/http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/100600243/0 |date=2013-10-31 }} In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. Downloaded on 11 June 2013.</ref>
| image = Lophophorus impejanus Zoo DU 2.jpg
| image_caption = Himalayan monal, male
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| classis = [[Bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[Galliformes]]
| familia = [[Phasianidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Phasianinae]]
| genus = ''[[Monal|Lophophorus]]''
| binomial = ''Lophophorus impejanus''
| range_map = Lophophorus impejanus range map.png
| range_map_width =
| range_map_alt = Map showing range of the Himalayan Monal
| range_map_caption = Range of ''Lophophorus impejanus''}}

The '''Himalayan monal''' ''(Lophophorus impejanus)'', also known as the '''Impeyan monal''', '''Impeyan pheasant''' or the '''Kashmiri pheasant''', is a [[bird]] in the [[pheasant]] family, [[Phasianidae]]. Its discoverer, Latham, wrote in his ''General History of Birds'' (1821): "[the monal] inhabits India, but is not common, being brought from the hills in the northern parts of Hindustan to Calcutta, as a rarity. Lady Impey attempted, with great prospect of success, to bring some of them to England, but after living on board for two months they caught a disorder from the other poultry, and died".<ref name="beebe1">{{cite book | last =Beebe | first =William | title =A monograph of the pheasants | url =https://archive.org/details/monographpheasaIIIBeeb | publisher =Witherby & Co. | location =London | year =1918 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/monographpheasaIIIBeeb/page/145 145] | isbn = }} Available on line in [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34629314 Biodiversity Heritage Library]</ref>

It is the [[List of national birds|national bird]] of [[Nepal]], where it is known as the '''Danphe''' (or Danfe),<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://chhayakhanal.com/animals-and-birds/danphe/ |title=Danphe |publisher=Info-Nepal |work=Info-Nepal |accessdate=14 June 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130920221125/http://chhayakhanal.com/animals-and-birds/danphe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="zoo">{{Cite web |url=http://www.saczoo.org/document.doc?id=639 |title=Himalayan Monal - Lophophorus impejanus |publisher=Sacramento Zoo |format=pdf |date= December 2003 |work=Sacramento Zoo Birds |accessdate=14 June 2013 }}</ref> and is mentioned frequently in [[Nepali language|Nepali]] songs.<ref name="shrestha21">{{cite book | last =Shrestha | first =Tej Kumar | title =Wildlife of Nepal – a study of renewable resources of the Nepal Himalayas | publisher =Tribhuvan University | location =Kathmandu | year =2003 |pages=321 | isbn =99933-59-02-5 }}</ref> It is also the state bird of [[Uttarakhand]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://uttaraguide.com/statesigns.php |title=Uttarakhand State Signs |publisher=uttaraguide.com |year=2012 |accessdate=15 June 2013 |archive-date=7 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107042757/http://uttaraguide.com/statesigns.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> In Kashmir, it is the state/regional bird of the disputed territory.

== Description ==
[[File:Olsniak himalajski Warsaw.jpg|left|thumb|Himalayan monal, female]]
The Himalayan monal is a relatively large-sized [[pheasant]]. The males of this species look quite different from the females of the species. The male Himalayan monals have bright and colorful [[feather]]s of blue, green, purple, and red. They have a white patch of feathers underneath the base of their [[tail]], but the rest of their underside is black. The males also have a [[Crest (feathers)|crest]] (several feathers) on top of their heads. Both the male and female of the species have blue circles of skin around their eyes. The females and the young birds ([[:wikt:chick|chick]]s) have an overall brown appearance. Their feathers also have white and black strips on certain parts. The females have a white [[throat]].<ref name=whozoo>{{cite web|title=Himalayan Monal|url=http://whozoo.org/Intro2003/AprilStJ/AS_himalayanMonalfinal.html|work=WhoZoo|accessdate=15 June 2013}}</ref>

The male chicks look like the females chicks until a little after a year when they begin to become more colorful. Before then you could tell the young male and females apart because of their larger size and black feathers, instead of white feathers, on the throat.<ref name=whozoo />

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Himalayan Monal Osaka.jpg|Female (head)
File:Lophophorus impejanus Zoo DU 1.jpg|Male (head)
Lophophorus impejanus MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.10.1.jpg |Museum specimen
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Other websites==
{{commons category|Lophophorus impejanus}}
{{wikispecies|Lophophorus impejanus}}
* [http://www.arkive.org/himalayan-monal/lophophorus-impejanus/ ARKive] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205060458/http://www.arkive.org/himalayan-monal/lophophorus-impejanus/ |date=2019-02-05 }}
* [http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Lophophorus_impejanus.html Animal Diversity Web]
* [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=243&m=0 BirdLife Species Factsheet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090105014048/http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=243&m=0 |date=2009-01-05 }}
* [http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/11909976 Catalogue of Life] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151012002656/http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/11909976 |date=2015-10-12 }}
* [http://www.unep-wcmc-apps.org/isdb/CITES/Taxonomy/tax-species-result.cfm?Genus=Lophophorus&Species=impejanus&source=animals&displaylanguage=fra&tabname=legal CITES]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://www.gbwf.org/pheasants/monal.html Galliforms and Pheasants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070112033104/http://www.gbwf.org/pheasants/monal.html |date=2007-01-12 }}
* [https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=176067 ITIS]
* [http://tolweb.org/Lophophorus+impejanus Tree of Life - Lophophorus]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?lin=s&p=has_linkout&id=9040 National Center for Biotechnology Information]
* [http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/141316 UICN]{{Dead link|date=September 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

[[Category:Birds of Asia]]
[[Category:Birds of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Galliformes]]
[[Category:Birds of Kashmir]]
[[Category:National symbols of Kashmiristan]]
[[Category:National symbols of Nepal]]
[[Category:Provincial symbols of Uttaranchal Praant (India)]]

Lophophorus impejanus - Revision history

91.235.65.22 at 15:40, 12 December 2022