Allen2502 at 17:43, 12 September 2025

2025-09-12T17:43:04Z

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{{Short description|Extinct Indo-Aryan language}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{More citations needed|date=January 2017}}
{{confusing|date=May 2022}}
}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Lubanki
| altname = Labanki
| states = [[India]] and [[Pakistan]]
| speakers = none
| ref =
| extinct = ?
| familycolor = Indo-European
| fam2 = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]
| fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]
| fam4 = [[Northwestern Indo-Aryan languages|Northwestern]]
| fam5 = [[Punjabi dialects and languages|Punjabic]]
| fam6 = [[Lahnda]]
| iso3 = none
| glotto = none
| ethnicity = [[Labana]]
| region = [[Punjab]]
}}
'''Lubanki''', also known as '''Labanki''' or '''Lubani''', is an extinct [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]] dialect that was formerly spoken by the [[Labana]] tribe in [[Punjab region|Punjab]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=Roma |publisher=Roma Publications |year=1983 |volume=7 |quote=Another unique feature was the language. Until lately their spoken language was 'Lubanki".}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Journal of Religious Studies |publisher=Department of Religious Studies, Punjabi University |volume=34 |pages=190 |quote=... Lubanki, dialect of the Lobanas lost its credibility and use, and with it faded off the obsolescent aspects of their culture.}}</ref> The dialect is named thus because it was used by the Labana tribe.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |title=Punjab History Conference, Thirty-second Session, March 17-19, 2000: Proceedings |publisher=Publication Bureau, Punjabi University |year=2001 |isbn=9788173807220 |pages=143–147}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Grierson |first=George Abraham |title=Linguistic Survey of India, Volume 9, Part 3 |publisher=Office of the superintendent of government printing, India |year=1907 |pages=297–303 |chapter=Labanki of the Punjab}}</ref> It was a [[dialect]] of the Labanas, incorporating elements of [[Marwari language|Marwari]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], and [[Marathi language|Marathi]]. The dialect is extinct among Labanas in Punjab, but is still spoken by [[Rajasthan]]i Labanas.

The dialect consisted of a mixture of different [[Vernacular|vernaculars]].<ref name=":0" /> Some unique words were ''gauri'' (cow), ''chhora'' (son), ''bhut'' (devil), ''bhau'' (brother), ''dasa'' (hole), ''ladho'', and ''baro''.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |title=The Sikh Review, Volume 32, Issues 361-372 |publisher=Sikh Cultural Centre |location=Calcutta |pages=47}}</ref> The dialect went into decline after the Lubana tribe started settling into a sedentary lifestyle.<ref name=":0" /> In 1941, the weekly newspaper ''Prem Sandesh'' edited by Bawa Harnam Singh spoke against the dialect and other aspects of Labana culture, such as ''[[Ghagra choli|ghagra]]'', ''[[choli]]'', various ornaments, ''[[purdah]]'', and other cultural aspects.<ref name=":0" />

Among [[Sikh]]s, the famous Labanki quote Guru Ladho Re (Found the Guru) was outspoken when [[Makhan Shah Labana]] identified the ninth successor of [[Nanak]], [[Guru Tegh Bahadur]].

Some Lubanki words are preserved within the Guru Granth Sahib, such as in the following phrases:<ref>{{Cite book |title=Proceedings - Punjab History Conference (Thirty-Ninth Session, March 2007) |publisher=Department of Punjab Historical Studies, Punjabi University |isbn=9788130201467 |pages=301}}</ref>

* ''tu bharo thakar mera'' (page 622)
* ''ih jag tago sut ko bhai'' (page 635)
* ''min pakr phankio ar Katio randh kio bahu bani'' (page 658 )
* ''sant jana ka chhora tis charni lag'' (page 811)
* ''phuto anda bharam ka manaih bhaio pargas'' (page 1002)

== References ==
<references />

==External links==
* https://web.archive.org/web/20080908091840/http://www.labana.org/world/index.php

{{Punjabi dialects}}

[[Category:Punjabi dialects]]
[[Category:Labana]]

{{IndoAryan-lang-stub}}

Lubanki dialect - Revision history

Allen2502 at 17:43, 12 September 2025