172.70.218.144 at 20:52, 27 July 2022

2022-07-27T20:52:14Z

New page

{{short description|Type of sarong in South Asia}}
{{other uses}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2013}}
[[Image:LungiBoypagne.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A boy in a village of [[Narail]], [[Bangladesh]] wearing a lungi with simple twist knot]]
The '''Lungi''' ({{IPA|/luŋɡi/}}), or '''Tahband''', is a type of [[sarong]] that originated in the [[Indian subcontinent]].<ref name="Madani1993">{{cite book | author=Mohsen Saeidi Madani| title=Impact of Hindu Culture on Muslims| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AqdJ7LlfVWUC&pg=PA141| year=1993| publisher=M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd.| isbn=978-81-85880-15-0| pages=141–}}</ref> It can be described as an [[ethnic wear|ethnic]] lower [[garment]] and a [[men's skirt]] that is wrapped around the lower waist, usually below the belly button. Lungis are traditionally worn in [[Sri Lanka]], [[India]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Pakistan]], [[Nepal]]. It is also known as '''[[longyi]]''' in [[Singapore]], [[Cambodia]], [[Burma]], and [[Thailand]]. The [[multicoloured]] lungi is a particularly popular form of [[casual wear]] and [[night wear]],<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=PlPeBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT183&dq=lungi+multi+coloured&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiiyvqps4rxAhX8xDgGHQe1Ag0Q6AEwAnoECAUQAw#v=onepage&q=lungi%20multi%20coloured&f=false</ref> for men in regions where the heat and humidity of the climate make it unpleasant and uncomfortable to wear closed and tight garments such as [[trousers]].<ref>[http://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi-news/delhiwale-the-lungi-aesthete/story Hindustan Times]{{dead link|date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

==Design==
They are especially worn in hot regions. There are also cheaper "open" lungis, in identical dimensions but not sewn into a tube shape. The standard adult lungi is {{Convert|115|cm}} in height and {{cvt|200|cm}} in length, when open. Children's lungis are approximately two-thirds of this size. They are normally woven from [[cotton]] and come in a variety of designs and colors. Silk lungis are used for ceremonial purposes such as weddings. The most common styles are solid-colored and [[Tartan|plaid]], reflecting the relative ease and cost-effectiveness of producing these patterns on a power loom. Blue is particularly popular, since it fades to pleasant tones in contrast to other colors. Regardless of the design or color, lungis are often lined at the top and bottom with a black/white stripe containing reinforced weaving to prevent fraying.[[Image:LungiBorder.jpg|thumb|200px|The border of a Bangladeshi lungi, showing the black & white reinforced weave border to minimize fraying]]

==Usage==
Depending on local tradition, lungis can be worn by men or women (rarely). They are tied or fastened in various ways, and can be used in different cultural activities, ranging from normal daily life to elaborate wedding ceremonies. For daily purposes, a simple "double twist" knot is most popular, where two points in the upper edge of lungi are brought together and twisted around twice, with the ends tucked in at the waist. However, it is also common for wearers to simply tie a double "pretzel knot" from 2 points on the upper border, which produces a more secure knot. The lungi's length can also be adjusted, for example, by tucking in the lungi at the waist to make it resemble a short skirt. This is mostly used for labourers who have to work for a long time under a hot sun.

==Regional variations==
=== India ===

In India, the lungi is the traditional dress of Austro-Asiastic and Dravidian origin people{{cn|date=August 2021}}. The customs of wearing lungis vary by state. It can be worn with or without the traditional unsewn [[kaupinam]] or modern sewn [[langot]], both of which are types of traditional [[loincloth]] undergarments.
[[File:Salt field worker.jpg|thumb|Salt-field worker in Tamil Nadu wearing Lungi in typical tucked-up position for Work]]
In [[Kerala]], the lungi is generally colourful and available in various designs, and is worn by both men and women. It is also called 'kaili'. Labourers typically wear it while working. A mundu/dhoti is a variation of the lungi, and is mostly plain white. It often bears golden embroidery (kasavu), especially at the border. It is worn as formal attire and on ceremonial occasions like weddings, festivals, etc. Saffron-coloured lungis are known as ''kaavi mundu''. Men sometimes tuck up their ''mundus'' or lungis with the bottom of the garment being pulled up and tied back on to the waist. In this case, the mundu or lungi only covers the body from the waist to the knees.

In [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]], [[Karnataka]] and [[Tamil Nadu]], only men wear this garment. It is also known as "Kaili" or "Saaram/Chaaram" in South Tamil Nadu.

In [[Tamil Nadu]], [[veshti]] or [[dhoti]] is a traditional wear. People wear [[Veshti]] for formal occasions whereas [[Lungi]] is worn as an informal or casual wear by some. Lungis with checked pattern are more popular.

It is common on the Konkan side of [[Karnataka]] state, mostly worn by [[Nawayath]] people from [[Bhatkal]]. Most of them wear it as their daily attire. It is as a mark of tradition in [[Bhatkal]]. They are mostly sewn in a cylindrical shape.

In [[Punjab region|Punjab]], lungis are worn by both men and women. The male lungi is also called a {{transl|pa|tehmat}},<ref>Development: A Saga of Two Worlds: Vismambhor Nath 2002 (Ashok Mukar Mittal Publishers)</ref><ref>Lahore: A Sentimental Journey Pran Neville Penguin Books</ref> while the female lungi is called a {{transl|pa|laacha}}. They are part of traditional dance attire in [[Bhangra (dance)|Bhangra]] dance groups, but are also popular in rural areas as home wear. They are generally tied in a different way than in other parts of India and are, as a rule, unstitched and very colourful. Wearing the lungi has declined in the Punjab region in recent years.<ref>{{cite book |author=Harkesh Singh Kehal |year=1995 |title=Alop Ho Reha Punjabi Virsa |language=pa}}</ref>{{When|date=February 2021}}
[[File:Rice Farmer Near Anantapalli Village Odisha.JPG|thumb|Rice farmer in Odisha wearing Lungi in tucked-up]]
In [[Odisha]], and [[West Bengal]] the lungi is primarily worn at home by men of all societal classes. Hindu men generally avoid wearing lungis on the street. In Odisha, [[Sambalpuri clothing|Sambalpuri]] with the Sambalpuri pattern and [[Spinning mule|mule]] based lungis from [[Khordha district|Khordha]] are available in addition to normal cotton fabric lungis.

In [[Bihar]] and [[Haryana]], the lungi is considered a night garment for men.

In Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh the lungi is often worn by tribal people. Previously, they used to wear a small cloth around their waist.

=== Sultanate of Oman ===
In the Sultanate of Oman, the garment is referred to as a '{{transl|ar|italic=no|wizar}}'; it is worn in all regions by men and is recognized as an undergarment to the traditional Omani '{{transl|ar|italic=no|dishdasha}}'. It is wrapped around the waist quite differently to the Indian style as it is folded left then right to make a straight seam in the middle. The {{transl|ar|italic=no|wizar}} is usually white (north of country) with a colourful border. The {{transl|ar|italic=no|wizar}} can be worn as an in house garment as most Omani's simply remove their dishdasha when at home and relax in their {{transl|ar|italic=no|wizar}} and vests. In the region of Dhofar, located in the south of Oman, it is common to see a colorful variant of the {{transl|ar|italic=no|wizar}}, which is worn more openly outdoors than it is in the north.

=== Bangladesh ===
[[File:রাতারগুলের জীবন ও জীবিকা.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1|Boatman in Bangladesh wearing a Lungi]]
The lungi ({{lang-bn|লুঙ্গি}} {{IPA|/luŋɡi/}}, {{lang-syl|ꠟꠋꠉꠤ}} {{IPA|/lonɡi/}}) is the most commonly seen dress of Bangladeshi men, although it is not normally worn for formal occasions. In Bangladesh, lungis are worn by men, almost universally indoors, but commonly outdoors as well. Elaborately designed [[tartan]] cotton, [[batik]], or [[silk]] lungis are often presented as wedding gifts to the groom in a [[Bangladeshi wedding]]. The typical Bangladeshi lungi is a seamless tubular shape, as opposed to the single sheet worn in other parts of South and Southeast Asia. In Bangladesh, the lungi industry is concentrated in [[Sirajganj]], [[Kushtia]],[[Pabna]] and [[Khulna]]. Bangladeshi women do not traditionally wear lungis, although non-Bengali tribal women do wear similar garments in the [[Chittagong Hill Tracts]].

In April 2013, the Baridhara Housing Society—a housing society in Dhaka—banned lungi, and began refusing entry to those who wore them. Many opposed the ban, however, taking to social media sites such as [[Facebook]] and [[Twitter]] to criticize the decision. A march took place on 13 April to oppose the ban. [[United States|U.S]] Ambassador [[Dan Mozena]] has been seen wearing a lungi in front of his house.<ref>{{cite web |author=Priyo Photo share a moment! |url=http://photo.priyo.com/people/us-ambassador-mozena/2977 |title=US Ambassador Mozena | Priyo Photo |work=Photo.priyo.com |date=2012-12-30 |access-date=2013-05-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508044953/http://photo.priyo.com/people/us-ambassador-mozena/2977 |archive-date=2013-05-08 }}</ref>

===Myanmar===
{{main|Longyi}}
In [[Myanmar]], it is spelt [[longyi]]. For men, the longyi is known as a ''paso'' (Burmese: ပုဆိုး), and for women, it is known as a ''htamein'' (Burmese: ထဘီ). Longyis of different fabrics, including cotton and silk, are worn for both informal and formal occasions.

===Thailand===
In [[Thailand]], it is known as a "pa kao mah" (Thai: ผ้าขาวม้า) for men and a "pa toong" (Thai: ผ้าถุง) for women.

=== Maldives ===

In [[Maldives]], it is known as "Mundu". In modern times, it is worn by elderly men exclusively.

==In popular culture==
In 2013, a song called "[[Lungi Dance]]" was made and used as a promotion song. It was written, composed and sung by the rapper [[Yo Yo Honey Singh]] and features himself along with [[Shah Rukh Khan|Shahrukh Khan]] and [[Deepika Padukone]].

==See also==
* [[Dhoti]]
* [[Kaupinam]]
* [[Langota]]
* [[Malong]]
* [[Patadyong]]
* [[Sampot]]
* [[Sarong]]
* [[Izaar]]
* [[Kilt]]
* [[Kanga (African garment)|Kanga]]
* [[Shendyt]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[https://english.manoramaonline.com/news/columns/straight-talk/2017/08/21/mundu-kerala-politics-dress-code.html Mundu that binds us all: An ode to the humble power dress]

{{Folk costume}}
{{Sri Lankan clothing}}
{{Clothing in South Asia}}

[[Category:Indian clothing]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi clothing]]
[[Category:National symbols of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Skirts]]
[[Category:History of Asian clothing]]
[[Category:Sri Lankan clothing]]

Lungi - Revision history

172.70.218.144 at 20:52, 27 July 2022