https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=M1_AbramsM1 Abrams - Revision history2026-07-30T15:46:16ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=M1_Abrams&diff=357163&oldid=prevWikiDwarfBOT at 15:53, 11 October 20222022-10-11T15:53:32Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Infobox Weapon<br />
|name=M1 Abrams<br />
|image=Abrams-transparent.png<br />
|caption=M1A2 Abrams<br />
|origin={{flag|United States}}<br />
|service = 1980–present<br />
|type=[[Main battle tank]]<br />
|is_vehicle=yes<br />
|used_by= {{flag|United States}}<br />{{flag|Egypt}}<br />{{flag|Iraq}}<br />{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}<br />{{flag|Kuwait}}<br />
|wars=[[Gulf War]] (Operation Desert Storm)<br />[[War in Afghanistan (2001-present)|War in Afghanistan]] (Operation Enduring Freedom)<br />[[Iraq War]] (Operation Iraqi Freedom)<br />
|designer=Chrysler Defense<br />
|design_year=1972<br />
|first_prototype=1980<br />
|manufacturer= {{flag|United States}}<br />
|unit_cost=US$6 million <ref name=dodfy99>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/budget/fy1999/dot-e/army/99m1a2.html "Department of Defense - Annual Report FY99"].</ref><br />
|number= Over 10,000<ref name=LATP>Pike, John. [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/lima.htm#prof Lima Army Tank Plant (LATP)]. Globalsecurity.org, 21 August 2005. Accessed on 9 July 2009. (Production cost of M1A2, upgraded)</ref><br />
|variants=XM1, prototype<br /> M1, first production model <br />M1A1, bigger gun <br /> M1A2, technology upgrades<br />
|weight=67.6 Short Tons<br />
|length=Gun forward: {{convert|32.04|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}<ref>[http://www.army.mil/factfiles/equipment/tracked/abrams.html Abrams fact file]. U.S. Army</ref><br />Hull length: {{convert|26.02|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}<br />
|width={{convert|12|ft|m|2|abbr=on}} <!-- from Army fact file --><br />
|height={{convert|8|ft|m|2|abbr=on}} <!-- from Army fact file --><br />
|crew=4 (commander, gunner, loader, driver)<br />
|armour=[[Composite armor|Composite]], [[Rolled homogeneous armor|Steel]], depleted [[uranium]] mesh<br />
|primary_armament=105 mm rifled [[cannon]] (M1)<br /> 120 mm 120 mm [[smoothbore]] cannon (M1A1, M1A2)<br />
|secondary_armament=1 x 12.7 mm [[machine gun]]<br /> 2 x 7.62 mm machine guns<br />
|engine= multi-fuel turbine engine<br />
|engine_power=1,500 shp (1,120 kW)<br />
|transmission=<br />
|fuel_capacity=500 us gallons<br />
|pw_ratio=24.5 hp/metric ton<br />
|suspension=[[Torsion beam suspension|Torsion bar]]<br />
|clearance={{convert|0.48|m|ftin|abbr=on}} (M1, M1A1)<br /> {{convert|0.43|m|abbr=on}} (M1A2)<br />
|vehicle_range=280 mi<br />
|speed=Road: 42 mph (67.7 km/h) <br /> Off-road: 30 mph (48.3 km/h)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''M1 Abrams''' is a modern [[main battle tank]] used by the United States. It is also [[export]]ed to several countries. It is a well armed, well protected, and fast tank designed for modern [[armored warfare|armored ground warfare]].<ref>[http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/m1.htm M1 Abrams Main Battle tank]. FAS.org, 14 April 2000</ref> Notable features of the M1 Abrams include the use of a powerful engine, layered armor, and a low profile. It is one of the heaviest tanks in service, weighing almost 70 [[short ton]]s.<br />
<br />
The M1 Abrams entered U.S. service in 1980, replacing the [[M60 Patton]].<ref>Hunnicutt 1984, pp. 6, 149, 408.</ref> Three main versions of the M1 Abrams have been deployed, the '''M1''', '''M1A1''', and '''M1A2''', incorporating improved armament, protection and electronics. These improvements, as well as periodic upgrades to older tanks have allowed this long-serving vehicle to remain in front-line service. The '''M1A3''' is currently under development. It is the principal (main) main battle tank of the [[United States Army]] and [[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]], and the armies of [[Egyptian Army|Egypt]], [[Kuwaiti Army|Kuwait]], [[Saudi Arabian Army|Saudi Arabia]], [[Australian Army|Australia]], and in 2010 [[Iraqi Army|Iraq]]. The M1 Abrams is anticipated to be in U.S. service until the 2050s.<br />
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== Notes ==<br />
{{Reflist|2}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Refbegin}}<br />
* ''King of the Killing Zone'' by Orr Kelly, 1989. W.W. Norton Company.<br />
* [[Bernard D. Rostker|Rostker, Bernard]]: ''Environmental Exposure Report:Depleted Uranium in the Gulf''. DoD Publication, 1998.[http://www.gulflink.osd.mil/du_ii/index.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603192402/http://www.gulflink.osd.mil/du_ii/index.htm |date=2010-06-03 }}.<br />
* United States General Accounting Office:''Operation Desert Storm: Early Performance Assessment of Bradley and Abrams.'' Washington, January 1992.[http://archive.gao.gov/d31t10/145879.pdf#prof PDF].<br />
* Halberstadt, Hans. Desert Storm Ground War. Osceola, WI, Motorbooks International, 1991. 128 pp.<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last = Hilmes<br />
| first = Rolf<br />
| title = Arming Future MBTs - Some Considerations<br />
| journal = Military Technology<br />
| publisher = Mönsch<br />
| date = 1 December 2004}}<br />
* Hunnicutt, R. P. "Patton: A History of the American Main Battle Tank." 1984, Presidio Press; {{ISBN|0-89141-230-1}}.<br />
* Forty, George: ''Tank Action. From the Great War to the Gulf'', Allan Sutton Publishing Ltd., Phoenix Mill 1995.<br />
* Zaloga Steven J., & Sarson, Peter: ''M1 Abrams Main Battle Tank 1982-1992''. Osprey Military, New Vanguard. Reed International Books Ltd, 1993.<br />
* {{cite web | title=M1 Abrams Main Battle Tank | work=FAS Military Analysis Network | url=http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/m1.htm | accessdate=January 17, 2004 }}<br />
* {{cite web | title=TUSK to update Abrams for urban battle | work=Army News Service | url=http://www4.army.mil/ocpa/read.php?story_id_key=6985 | accessdate=April 6, 2005 | archive-date=March 16, 2005 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050316200903/http://www4.army.mil/ocpa/read.php?story_id_key=6985 | url-status=dead }}<br />
* [http://www.armytimes.com/story.php?f=1-292925-2348567.php Army Times - Two soldiers die in attack on Abrams tank, October 29, 2003] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20121209065419/http://www.armytimes.com/story.php?f=1-292925-2348567.php |date=December 9, 2012 }}<br />
* [http://www.defenselink.mil/releases/2005/nr20051227-12223.html DoD News: DoD Identifies Army Casualty - Dec 25, 2005 attack]<br />
* [http://www.defenselink.mil/releases/2006/nr20060608-13201.html DoD News: DoD Identifies Army Casualties - June 04, 2006 incident]<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
{{Commons|M1 Abrams}}<br />
* [http://www.army.mil/factfiles/equipment/tracked/abrams.html Abrams U.S. Army Fact File]<br />
* [http://www.gdls.com/programs/abrams.html Official Abrams page on General Dynamics Land Systems site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080815235713/http://www.gdls.com/programs/abrams.html |date=2008-08-15 }}<br />
* [http://www.army-technology.com/projects/abrams/index.html M1A1/M1A2 Abrams Main Battle Tank on Army-Technology.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050927083937/http://www.army-technology.com/projects/abrams/index.html |date=2005-09-27 }}<br />
* [http://www.fprado.com/armorsite/abrams.htm M1A1/2 Abrams page on the Armor Site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711022553/http://www.fprado.com/armorsite/abrams.htm |date=2011-07-11 }}<br />
* [http://www.enemyforces.com/tanks/m1a1abrams.htm Main Battle Tank M1A1 Abrams on Enemyforces.com]<br />
* [http://military.discovery.com/convergence/abrams/explore/explore.html Anatomy of an M1 Abrams on military.discovery.com]<br />
* [http://people.howstuffworks.com/m1-tank.htm M1 Abrams page, with a detailed overview of how the tank works on howstuffworks.com]<br />
* [http://www.defense-update.com/products/t/tusk.htm M-1 Tank Urban Survivability Kit (TUSK)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060819143950/http://www.defense-update.com/products/t/tusk.htm |date=2006-08-19 }}, [http://www.defense-update.com/products/m/M1A1AIM.htm M1A1 AIM Upgrade] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011072821/http://defense-update.com/products/m/M1A1AIM.htm |date=2007-10-11 }}, and [http://www.defense-update.com/products/m/M1A2SEP.htm M1A2 SEP Upgrade on Defense-Update.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070210172647/http://www.defense-update.com/products/m/M1A2SEP.htm |date=2007-02-10 }}<br />
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ground/m1-intro.htm M1 Abrams Main Battle Tank page on GlobalSecurity.com]<br />
* [http://www51.honeywell.com/aero/common/documents/myaerospacecatalog-documents/SurfaceSystems/AGT1500_Turbine_Technology.pdf AGT1500 Tubine Technology on Honeywell.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160909103204/http://www51.honeywell.com/aero/common/documents/myaerospacecatalog-documents/SurfaceSystems/AGT1500_Turbine_Technology.pdf |date=2016-09-09 }}<br />
* http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/M1-Abrams-Tanks-for-Iraq-05013/<br />
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