imported>Jellysandwich0 at 17:56, 15 July 2021

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{{use Indian English|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox royalty
| title = Janashraya, Trivara Nagara Bhavnagata Sundari Hridaya Nandana
| succession = [[Vishnukundina Dynasty|Vishnukundina King]]
| reign = c. 440 – c. 460
| predecessor = Madhava Varma I
| successor = Vikramendra Varma II
| dynasty = [[Vishnukundina dynasty|Vishnukundina]]
| issue = [[Vikramendra Varma I]], [[Deva Varma]]
}}
'''Madhava Varma II''', He is the Most Powerful King of [[Vishnukundina dynasty]]. The reign of Madhava Varma II (c. 440 – c. 460) was a golden age in the history of the [[Vishnukundina Dynasty|Vishnukundinas]]. He is regarded as the greatest ruler of his dynasty. The [[Vishnukundina dynasty|Vishnukundina Empire]] reached its greatest territorial extent under him. He defeated Prithvishena II, the powerful [[Vakataka dynasty|Vakataka]] king. The daughter of Prithvishena II, Vakataka Mahadevi, was given in marriage to Madhava Varma II.

The Most Notable Military Achievement of [[Madhava Varma II]] was his Victory over the Powerful [[Vakataka Dynasty|Vakataka]] Emperor Prithvishena II , This alliance gave them Great Power and made it easy for the [[Vishnukundina Dynasty|Vishnukundinas]] to extend their influence to the east coast and vanquishing the petty chieftains lingering on in that area. [[Madhava Varma II]] led his arms against [[Ananda Gotrika]]s who were ruling over [[Guntur]], [[Tenali]] and [[Ongole]], probably enjoying subordinate position under the [[Pallavas]] of [[Kanchipuram]], [[Vengi]] Kingdom, and [[Salankayanas]] Dynasty. <ref name="Fdaytalk- Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions">{{cite book |last1=Fdaytalk |first1=Fdaytalk |title=Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions |publisher=Fdaytalk |pages=612 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Telangana_History_Ancient_to_Modern_Peri/zay2DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Madhava+Varma+II%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT78&printsec=frontcover |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref>

==Early life==
He was the son of Govinda Varma I and his wife Mahadevi. He had two sons - Vikramendra Varma and Deva Varma. <ref name="Telangana 360- Vishnukundins dynasty">{{cite web |last1=http://www.telangana360.com |first1=http://www.telangana360.com |title=Vishnukundins dynasty |url=http://www.telangana360.com/2014/02/vishnukundina-dynasty.html |website=Telangana 360 |publisher=Telangana 360 |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="Fdaytalk- Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions">{{cite book |last1=Fdaytalk |first1=Fdaytalk |title=Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions |publisher=Fdaytalk |pages=612 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Telangana_History_Ancient_to_Modern_Peri/zay2DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Madhava+Varma+II%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT78&printsec=frontcover |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref>

==Reign==
His predecessor was Madhava Varma I (c. 420 – c. 455). He is considered as the greatest ruler of the [[Vishnukundina dynasty]]. The [[Vishnukundina dynasty|Vishnukundina Empire]] reached its greatest territorial extent under him. He defeated Prithvishena II, the powerful [[Vakataka dynasty|Vakataka]] king. The daughter of Prithvishena II, Vakataka Mahadevi, was given in marriage to Madhava Varma II.<ref name="Fdaytalk- Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions">{{cite book |last1=Fdaytalk |first1=Fdaytalk |title=Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions |publisher=Fdaytalk |pages=612 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Telangana_History_Ancient_to_Modern_Peri/zay2DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Madhava+Varma+II%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT78&printsec=frontcover |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="Mahalakshmi Ramakrishnan: (1) (PDF) Vishnukundina Empire | Mahalakshmi Ramakrishnan">{{cite web |last1=Ramakrishnan |first1=Mahalakshmi |title=(1) (PDF) Vishnukundina Empire {{!}} Mahalakshmi Ramakrishnan |url=https://www.academia.edu/25578228/Vishnukundina_Empire |website=Academia edu |publisher=Academia edu |access-date=22 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="Andhra Pradesh PSC notes: Vishnukundins- Andhra Pradesh PCS Exam Notes">{{cite web |last1=https://andhrapradesh.pscnotes.com |first1=https://andhrapradesh.pscnotes.com |title=Vishnukundins- Andhra Pradesh PCS Exam Notes |url=https://andhrapradesh.pscnotes.com/appsc-group-1-mains/paper-i/andhra-pradesh-history/vishnukundins/ |website=Andhra Pradesh PSC notes |publisher=Andhra Pradesh PSC notes |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="History 369- Encyclopedia of Indian History: Madhava Varma II">{{cite web |last1=https://history369.blogspot.com |first1=https://history369.blogspot.com |title=Encyclopedia of Indian History: Madhava Varma II |url=https://history369.blogspot.com/2018/08/madhava-varma-ii.html |website=History 369 |publisher=History 369 |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref>

This alliance gave them great power and made it easy for the Vishnukundinas to extend their influence to the east coast and vanquishing the petty chieftains lingering on in that area. Madhava Varma II led his arms against [[Ananda Gotrika]]s who were ruling over [[Guntur]], [[Tenali]] and [[Ongole]], probably enjoying subordinate position under the [[Pallavas]] of [[Kanchipuram]].<ref name="Fdaytalk- Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions">{{cite book |last1=Fdaytalk |first1=Fdaytalk |title=Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions |publisher=Fdaytalk |pages=612 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Telangana_History_Ancient_to_Modern_Peri/zay2DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Madhava+Varma+II%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT78&printsec=frontcover |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref>

He built Ramalingesvara Swamy temples at every place where he won a battle.<ref name="Fdaytalk- Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions">{{cite book |last1=Fdaytalk |first1=Fdaytalk |title=Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions |publisher=Fdaytalk |pages=612 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Telangana_History_Ancient_to_Modern_Peri/zay2DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Madhava+Varma+II%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT78&printsec=frontcover |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref>
He occupied [[Kalinga (historical region)|Kalinga]] and invaded the [[Pallava dynasty|Pallavas of Kanchipuram]] in his 33rd regnal year.<ref name="Fdaytalk- Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions">{{cite book |last1=Fdaytalk |first1=Fdaytalk |title=Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions |publisher=Fdaytalk |pages=612 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Telangana_History_Ancient_to_Modern_Peri/zay2DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Madhava+Varma+II%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT78&printsec=frontcover |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref> He wrote 'Janasraya'.<ref name="Fdaytalk- Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions">{{cite book |last1=Fdaytalk |first1=Fdaytalk |title=Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions |publisher=Fdaytalk |pages=612 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Telangana_History_Ancient_to_Modern_Peri/zay2DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Madhava+Varma+II%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT78&printsec=frontcover |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref> he had an epithet- 'Trivara Nagara Bhavnagata Sundari Hridaya Nandana' ( The one who brought happiness to the beautiful maidens living in the buildings of the city of Trivara)<ref name="Fdaytalk- Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions">{{cite book |last1=Fdaytalk |first1=Fdaytalk |title=Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions |publisher=Fdaytalk |pages=612 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Telangana_History_Ancient_to_Modern_Peri/zay2DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Madhava+Varma+II%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT78&printsec=frontcover |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref>

After occupying these areas from the [[Ananda Gotrika]]s, Madhava Varma II made Amarapura (modern [[Amaravathi village, Guntur district|Amaravati]]) his capital. Keeping in view the constant threat from the [[Pallava]]s, he created an out-post to check their activities and appointed his son, Deva Varma and after his death the grandson Madhava Varma III as its [[Viceroy]].<ref name="S.R Ramanujan: The Lord of Vengadam A Historical Perspective">{{cite book |last1=Ramanujan |first1=S.R |title=The Lord of Vengadam A Historical Perspective |date=15 August 2014 |publisher=Partridge Publishing India |isbn=9781482834635 |pages=268 |edition=E-book |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/THE_LORD_OF_VENGADAM/rntPBAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Madhava+Varma+II%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA23&printsec=frontcover |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref>

Madhava Varma II next turned his attention against the [[Vengi]] kingdom which was under the [[Salankayana]]s. The Vengi region was annexed. The [[Godavari]] tract became part of the Vishnukundina territory. After these conquests the capital might have been shifted to [[Bezwada]] ([[Vijayawada]]), a more central location than Amarapura. These extensive conquests entitle him to the title of the lord of [[Dakshinapatha]] (southern country). After these various conquests Madhava Varma performed many [[Asvamedha]], [[Rajasuya]] and other [[Historical Vedic religion|Vedic sacrifices]].<ref name="Andhra Pradesh PSC notes: Vishnukundins- Andhra Pradesh PCS Exam Notes">{{cite web |last1=https://andhrapradesh.pscnotes.com |first1=https://andhrapradesh.pscnotes.com |title=Vishnukundins- Andhra Pradesh PCS Exam Notes |url=https://andhrapradesh.pscnotes.com/appsc-group-1-mains/paper-i/andhra-pradesh-history/vishnukundins/ |website=Andhra Pradesh PSC notes |publisher=Andhra Pradesh PSC notes |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="History 369- Encyclopedia of Indian History: Madhava Varma II">{{cite web |last1=https://history369.blogspot.com |first1=https://history369.blogspot.com |title=Encyclopedia of Indian History: Madhava Varma II |url=https://history369.blogspot.com/2018/08/madhava-varma-ii.html |website=History 369 |publisher=History 369 |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="Mahalakshmi Ramakrishnan: (1) (PDF) Vishnukundina Empire | Mahalakshmi Ramakrishnan" /><ref name="Fdaytalk- Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions">{{cite book |last1=Fdaytalk |first1=Fdaytalk |title=Telangana History Ancient to Modern Period: Chapter Wise Most Common MCQ Questions |publisher=Fdaytalk |pages=612 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Telangana_History_Ancient_to_Modern_Peri/zay2DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Madhava+Varma+II%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT78&printsec=frontcover |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="S.R Ramanujan: The Lord of Vengadam A Historical Perspective">{{cite book |last1=Ramanujan |first1=S.R |title=The Lord of Vengadam A Historical Perspective |date=15 August 2014 |publisher=Partridge Publishing India |isbn=9781482834635 |pages=268 |edition=E-book |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/THE_LORD_OF_VENGADAM/rntPBAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Madhava+Varma+II%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA23&printsec=frontcover |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref>

==Military Conquests==
Greatest among the [[Vishnukundina Dynasty|Vishnukundinas]] kings was [[Madhava Varma II]]. He fought and won more than 100 battles. As a mark of his victory in each battle, he installed a Shiva linga on Keesaragutta. He has also built Ramalingeshwara swami temple at every place where he won the battle. Even today these Ramalingeshwara temples built at Velpuru, Ipur, Indrapala Nagaram, and Keesaragutta are receiving acts of worship.

Madhava Varma occupied Kalinga, with the help of Prabhakara, his relative and ruler of Gunapasa Puram.

[[Madhava Varma II]] defeated Pallavas in his 33rd regnal year. Expanded to the Gundlakamma river.
Madhava Varma defeated the last ruler of the main Vakataka line, Prithvisena and married his daughter VakatakaDevi. In the west, the Vakataka Kings of Maharashtra were very powerful.

Vishnukunds and Pallavas wer always engaged in wars. Hence, in order to prevent the Pallava invasions, Madhava Varma II shifted capital to Denduluru pura, located near Vengi. He also raised the wall and strengthened the fort of Amarapuri, which was his 1st capital.

Deva Varma was Madhava Varma’s son. Deva Varma was appointed as the viceroy of Amarapuri.

==See also==
* [[Vishnukundina dynasty]]
* [[Vakataka dynasty]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:History of India]]
[[Category:Vakataka dynasty]]

Madhava Varma II - Revision history

imported>Jellysandwich0 at 17:56, 15 July 2021