->Kalpatru at 12:25, 1 January 2022

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{{short description|Political activist}}
{{Refimprove|date= July 2018}}{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi
| image = DR MAGHFOOR AHMAD AJAZI SKETCH, Mar 2013.jpg
|caption=Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1900|03|03}}
| birth_place = [[Muzaffarpur]], India
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1966|09|26|1900|03|03}}
| death_place = [[Muzaffarpur]], India
| nationality = Indian
| occupation = Political & freedom fighter
| known_for = Founder of [[All-India Jamhur Muslim League]] & Flag bearer for the cause of Urdu Language
}}
'''Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi''' (1900–1966) was an Indian independence movement, political activist from [[Bihar]].

==Early life==
Ajazi was born on 3 March 1900 in village Dihuli, Block Sakra of District [[Muzaffarpur]], in Bihar.<ref name="twocircles">{{cite web|last1=Sajjad|first1=Mohammad|title=Maghfur Aijazi: A freedom-fighter and a builder of Indian democracy|url=http://twocircles.net/2013jan06/maghfur_aijazi_freedomfighter_and_builder_indian_democracy.html#.VPkHguHN45w|website=TwoCircles.net|access-date=5 March 2015}}</ref> His father Hafizuddin Husain and grand father Imam Bakhsh were zamindars and his mother's name was Mahfoozunnisa. His maternal grandfather Reysat Husain was an advocate in Sitamarhi.<ref>Bihari Lal Fitrat (1883) ''AAin-e-Tirhut'' published from Bahar-e-Kashmir Press, Lucknow, republished with translation by Mahrajdhiraj Kameshwar Singh Kalyani Foundation, Darbhanga-2001 P291</ref>

He became a disciple of Ajaz Husain Budayuni, the Khalif of Hazrat Fazle Rahman Ganj Muradabadi, and assumed title of 'Ajazi'.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}} He gained his patriotism from his father.<ref name="twocircles"/>

Ajazi's mother died in his childhood, while his father died in Lucknow during treatment and was buried in Chaar Bagh Qabristan when Ajazi was in school.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}} His elder brother Manzoor Ahsan Ajazi was also a freedom fighter.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Manzoor Ahsan Ajazi :- Great Freedom Fighter of India who spent 13 years in British Jails|url=http://heritagetimes.in/maulana-manzoor/|website=Heritage Times|language=en}}</ref> He had only one sister, Noorun Nisa.<ref>AMU, Aligarh's Organ "Tahzib-ul-Akhlaque" started by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Feb. 2004, p. 49</ref>

==Pre-Independence activism==
Ajazi left his studies at B.N. College Patna to follow [[Gandhi|Mahatma Gandhi]] and joined the non-co-operation movement in 1921.<ref>The Immortals By Syed Naseer Ahmed -Azad House of Publications, Guntur (AP), 2014 p 203</ref>

Ajazi was in charge of North Bihar.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}} Once he unknowingly reached the house of his cousin in a remote village. He inquired about 'Muthia'. He received a negative answer. His cousin recognised him and requested him to take meal, but he refused even a glass of water.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}} When his sister promised to take out muthia and donated the dues, he agreed to take meal.<ref>Bihar Vibhuti-Vol. iii-Bihar Abhlekhagar, Govt. of Bihar--2014 p233-35</ref>

He attended the AICC session held at Ahmedabad in 1921 and supported Mohani's motion on 'Complete Independence', which was opposed by Mahatma Gandhi and failed.<ref name="twocircles"/> He met Gandhi at Sabarmati Ashram. He joined [[Khilafat movement]] and became member of the Central Khilafat Committee. Thus he came into contact with [[Mohammad Ali Jauhar]] and [[Shaukat Ali]] and became their associate. {{Citation needed|date= July 2018}}

He represented the Central Khilafat Committee at the All Parties Conferences and All Muslim Parties Conferences on [[Nehru Report]] along with Maulana Shaukat Ali, Begum Md. Ali, Abdul Majid Daryabadi, Maulana Azad Subhani, Maulana Abul Mohasin Md. Sajjad and others.<ref>
a preparatory course in Social Science at Elim University Sikkim.</ref><ref>Reneissance Law College Indore B.A,LLB(Hons)2nd.Sem.HIstory Unit-1</ref> On the direction of Md Ali Jauhar, he took charge of the Khilafat Committee Calcutta. He was arrested in a protest march led by [[Subhash Chandra Bose]] and was arrested and released.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}} He obtained a degree from Calcutta Homoeopathic Medical College.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}}

During the by-election of [[Abdul Bari (professor)|Abdul Bari]], he was arrested and expelled from Purnia district.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}} He was prosecuted for the 'Dihuli Conspiracy' and his office was searched.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}} In August 1942, his house was searched, forcing him to work secretly, and his eldest son Muzaffar Husain Ajazi died on 25 July 1942.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}}

After the earthquake of 1934, he and Rajendra Pd. devoted themselves to the relief operation.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}} One night they had to sleep beneath a tree with their heads on a single brick.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}}

Ajazi opposed [[Jinnah]]'s two-nation theory <ref> India, eleventh to twenty first century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i1mdAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=7 February 2013|date=1 January </ref> and the creation of a separate [[Pakistan]]. He founded the [[All-India Jamhur Muslim League]] to counter Jinnah's [[All-India Muslim League]], and served as its first general secretary.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}} Opponents used to come in batches to his residence, virtually spitting and shouting slogans.<ref>IAS 100 by Chronicle</ref><ref>The Expression International e-journal,vol.2,issue-1</ref><ref name="Husain(India)2005">{{cite book|author1=S. M. Azizuddin Husain|author2=Jamia Millia Islamia (India)|title=Madrasa educat2005|year=2005|publisher=Kanishka Publishers, Distributors|isbn=978-81-7391-741-7}}</ref><ref>Sir Syed Ahmad Kahn:Vision and Mission Delhi: Manohar, 2008, pp. 181–197</ref><ref>Terrorism is Comes from US, Barath Kumar PKT, published by A. Palanivelu</ref><ref>Muslim Freedom Fighters Of India By Mohd.Talat Aziz</ref><ref>South Asian History And Culture Routledge, London, Vol. 2, pp. 16–36. ISSN 1947-2498, Taylor and Francis Group</ref><ref>Islam and the modern age-volume 33-pp.69 & 84/books google.co.in/books?id=JNPXAAAAMAAJ & igRRAQAAIAAJ-2002</ref><ref>NMML Manuscripts:an introduction-p.120/books.google.co.in/books?id=MgduAAAAMAAJ-2000</ref><ref>Builders Of Bihar By Dr. Syed Ahmad Quadri-2008-pp 61–63</ref><ref>World HeritageEncyclopedia,ID:WHEBN0038065375</ref> <ref>The Muslim Heroes Of Bihar By Fakhruddin Ahmad Nishter-2013-pp 34–36</ref><ref>Monograph on Dr. Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi by Dr. Farooque Ahmad Siddiqui Published by Bihar Urdu Academy, Govt. of Bihar, Patna, 2010</ref><ref>Bihar District Fact Book,Muzaffarpur District</ref><ref>Preparatory Course in Social Science published by Jharkhand Rai University p170</ref><ref>Bihar-DavisHunter.com-p.8/15 http://www.davishunter.comv/home/place/Bihar</ref><ref>University of Jammu,Reference Study Material for M.A Sociology,Semester ivth </ref><ref>Preparatory Course in Social Sciences,NIILM University Haryana</ref>

[[File:First Session of All India Jamhur Muslim League held in 1940 at Muzaffarpur, Bihar.jpg|thumb|right|First Session of All India Jamhur Muslim League]]

Ajazi was also a poet and writer in the Urdu language as well as an orator. His papers, diaries, letters and files are preserved in the [[Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] in New Delhi, [[National Archives]] in New Delhi and the [[Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library]] in Patna.<ref>Nehru Memorial Museum and Library, New Delhi, 16th Annual Report, 1981–82, p.9</ref><ref>Nehru Memorial Museum and Library New Delhi, 27th Annual Report 1992-93,p.13</ref><ref>National Archives, New Delhi F NO.4(3) 1/92 PA</ref><ref>Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library Patna Acc. No.2209</ref><ref>About Islamic World in Medicine, Quran, Translation</ref><ref>Bihar Govt. Magazine "Bihar"Republic Day Spl.2002, p67</ref><ref>Contesting Colonialism and Separatism: Muslims of Muzaffarpur Since 1857 http://www.primusbooks.com/showbookdetail.asp?bookid=71</ref><ref>Lahu Bolta Bhi Hai by Shahnawaz Ahmad Qadri & Krishna Kalki, pp. 197 - 98 </ref><ref>Josh General Knowledge</ref><ref>Awadhnama Dated 25/02/2021,Article by Dr.G.M.Patel Pune</ref><ref>My Govt.in</ref><ref>Muslim Vikas Parishad By Abdussamad Sheikh,Marathi</ref><ref>Mitr shri Telegu October 2020</ref><ref>Muslim Leaders Of Bihar & Gandhi Ji By Prof.Md.Y.H.Hakeem 15/08/2020 Article</ref><ref>Article Gaurav Gatha-Dr.Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi By Anand Vardhan Singh Lucknow</ref><ref>Sada-e-Jaras By Ashraf Asthanvi,ISBN978-81-925836-7-9</ref> Govt ofIndia has decorated his photograph in Azadi Ke Deewane Museum of Lal Quila,Delhi with caption "Opposed Jinnah's Two Nation Theory and founded All India Jamhur Mus,im League to counter it"<ref>Azadi Ke Deewane Museum,Red Fort,New Delhi</ref><ref>Remembering the Role of Muslims in Indian Freedom Movement,The English Daily Kashmir Images,Srinagar,15/08/2021</ref><ref>Biographical Encyclopedia Of Indian Muslim Freedom Fighters-By Syed Obaidur Rahman p 568</ref>

==Post-independence activism==

He was the chairman of the Urdu Conference of Muzaffarpur held in 1960, in which for the first time a resolution was passed demanding that Urdu be accepted as an official language in Bihar.<ref>Huma Urdu Digest Delhi, Urdu Number</ref> (After 15 years this demand became reality).<ref>Muslim Politics in Bihar Prof. Md. Sajjad AMU Published by Routiedge 2014</ref><ref>http://wwwbihartimes.in/articles/sajjad/muzaffarpur.html{{Dead link|date=March 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

Ajazi established Anjuman Khuddam-e-Millat, based on the pattern of Sir Syed's Educational society.{{Citation needed|date= July 2018}} This society established a school, renovated the Company Bagh Mosque of Muzaffarpur, now the biggest Mosque of this city, built a rest house, and undertook the last rites of unclaimed dead bodies.<ref>twocircles.net/../maghfur_aijazi_freedomfighter_and_builder</ref><ref>Afkar-e-Milli, New Delhi, Spl. Bihar Issue, July, 2000, p254</ref><ref>http://www.muzaffarpurtimes.com/sajjad.htm{{Dead link|date=March 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>http://www.biharanjuman.org</ref><ref>English Daily The Times Of India. Independence Day Issue</ref><ref>Nuqoosh-e-Qalam p120,Nairang-e-Qalam,p26,Aati Hai Unki Yaad p19 All By Anwarul Hasan Wastawi</ref>

==Death==
Ajazi died on 26 September 1966.President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmad recalled his services during Freedom Struggle saying as "He was in forefront of India's War for Independence" Acharya J.B. Kripalani said: "Dr. Ajazi was a great patriot, a devoted servant of humanity and a lovable friend. Selfless patriot like him are becoming rare. His death is a loss to society". Fictionist and journalist Kalam Haidry and novelist and journalist Moin Shahid called him "Baba-e-Urdu, Bihar" (Father of Urdu in BIhar) for his services towards Urdu language. Journalist and poet Wafa Malikpuri described him an old 'Mujahid' (crusader) for Urdu language.Muzaffarpur Municipal Booard named the road leading to his residence as "Dr.Ajazi Marg".<ref>Bihar Govt. Magazine "Bihar", March, 2005, p38</ref><ref>Muslim Freedom Fighters Of India,By Syed Obaidur Rahman,Published By M/S Global Media Publications</ref><ref>Remembering Muslim Makers Of Modern Bihar By Mohammad Sajjad For Bihar Collective,Brown Books, Aligarh,pp150-158,Hindustani Musalman-masaei-o-Imkanat By Prof.Md.Sajjad ,Brown Books,Aligarh,ISBN978-93-67497-69-6</ref><ref>Biswin Sadi Men Bihar Ke Bahuayami Vyktitv & Khiraj-e-Aqeedat By Dr.M.R.Kazmi,Dr.Akhileshwar Sharma & Moin Shahid</ref><ref>Nigarishat-e-Dr.Ajazi,Khitabat-e-Dr.Ajazi & Dr.Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi Aur Unki Samaji,Lesani Wa Saqafti Khidmat ,All By Dr.Rizwan Ahmad Ajazi</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ajazi, Maghfoor Ahmad}}
[[Category:1900 births]]
[[Category:1966 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Bihar]]
[[Category:Founders of Indian schools and colleges]]
[[Category:People from Muzaffarpur]]

[[Category:Urdu-language poets from India]]
[[Category:Bihari politicians]]
[[Category:Swatantra Party politicians]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians]]
[[Category:Prisoners and detainees of British India]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]

Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi - Revision history

->Kalpatru at 12:25, 1 January 2022