https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Mahesh_Chandra_Nyayratna_BhattacharyyaMahesh Chandra Nyayratna Bhattacharyya - Revision history2026-07-31T13:15:13ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Mahesh_Chandra_Nyayratna_Bhattacharyya&diff=445406&oldid=prevJoseph678 at 10:19, 4 March 20262026-03-04T10:19:52Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Distinguish|Mahesh Chandra Bhattacharyya}}<br />
{{Use British English|date=September 2014}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}<br />
{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = Mahesh Chandra Nyayratna Bhattacharyya<br />
| honorific_prefix = [[Mahamahopadhyaya|Mahamahopadhyay]] [[Pandit]]<br />
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100|CIE}}<br />
| image = Mahesh_Chandra_Nyayratna_Bhattacharyya_mugshot%2C_taken_around_1870_in_Calcutta.jpg<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1836|2|22}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Howrah District|Narit]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]] (now [[West Bengal]], [[India]])<br />
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1906|4|12|1836|2|22}}<br />
| field = [[Sanskrit]], [[Academic staff|academic]]s, [[academic administration]], [[social welfare]], [[philosophy]]<br />
| work_institution = [[Sanskrit College]]<br />[[University of Calcutta]]<br />Narit Nyayratna Institution<br />[[Hungarian Academy of Sciences]]<br />[[The Asiatic Society|Bengal Asiatic Society]]<br />[[Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science]]<br />Anthropological Society of Bombay <br />[[Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur|Government Engineering College, Shibpur]]<br />
| known_for = [[Sanskrit]]<br />[[Academic administration]]<br />[[Social welfare]]<br />[[Philosophy]]<br />
| title = Companion of the [[Order of the Indian Empire]] (1881)<br />[[Mahamahopadhyaya|Mahamahopadhyay]] (1887)<br />
}}<br />
[[Mahamahopadhyaya]] [[Pandit]] '''Mahesh Chandra Nyayratna Bhattacharyya''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Howrah family Durga Puja honours 300-year-old legacy |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/howrah-family-puja-honours-300-year-old-legacy-prnt/cid/2125508}}</ref> {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100|CIE}} (22 February 1836 – 12 April 1906), was an Indian [[Sanskrit]] [[scholar]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Remembering Mahamahopadhyay Mahesh Chandra Nyayratna Bhattacharyya: One of India's greatest Sanskrit scholars |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/remembering-mahamahopadhyay-mahesh-chandra-nyayratna-bhattacharyya-one-of-indias-greatest-sanskrit-scholars |access-date=2025-10-18 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en}}</ref> during the [[Bengal Renaissance]]. He served as the principal of the [[Sanskrit College and University|Sanskrit College]] from 1876 to 1895 and was a colleague of [[Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Remembering Mahamahopadhyay Mahesh Chandra Nyayratna Bhattacharyya: One of India's greatest Sanskrit scholars |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/remembering-mahamahopadhyay-mahesh-chandra-nyayratna-bhattacharyya-one-of-indias-greatest-sanskrit-scholars |access-date=2025-10-19 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Biography==<br />
<br />
=== Personal life ===<br />
Mahesh Chandra Nyayratna Bhattacharyya was born on 22 February 1836 into the [[Kulin Brahmin]] [[Bhattacharya (surname)|Bhattacharyya]] family of Narit. His father, Harinarayan Tarka Siddhanta, and his two uncles, Guruprasad Tarka Panchanan and Thakurdas Churamani, were [[Pandit]]s. His elder brother, Pandit Madhab Chandra Sarvabhauma, was the Sabha Pandit of [[Mahishadal]] Raj.<br />
<br />
In 1848, he married Mandakini, daughter of Pandit Ram Chand Tarkabagish, in [[Jehanabad]], [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]].<br />
<br />
He had a daughter, Manorama, and three sons: Manmatha Nath Vidyaratna Bhattacharyya (born April 1863), who became Indian Accountant General of [[Madras]]; '''Munindra Nath Bhattacharyya''' (born February 1868), who served as an [[Vekil|attorney]] of the High Court of [[Kolkata|Calcutta]]; and Mahima Nath Bhattacharyya (born April 1870), who became a collector in the Department of Excise of the Government of India.<br />
<br />
He died on 12 April 1906, at the age of 70.<br />
<br />
===Academic career===<br />
In 1876, he succeeded Prasanna Kumar Sarbadhikari as the principal of the [[Sanskrit College]]. During his 19-year tenure, he introduced the Sanskrit Title Examination to give titles to students in specialized areas of Sanskrit learning.<br />
<br />
He later started a secondary Anglo-Sanskrit school in 1885 in his native village of Narit, named the Narit Nyayratna Institution.<br />
<br />
He was also in charge of Sanskrit education during the [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal presidency]], which then comprised the present states of [[West Bengal]], [[Bihar]], and [[Orissa]].<ref name="googleusercontent">{{cite web |title=Physicist / Astronomer S |url=http://www.mlahanas.de/Stamps/Data/PHPerson/S.htm |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705032157/http://www.mlahanas.de/Stamps/Data/PHPerson/S.htm |archivedate=5 July 2014 |access-date=21 August 2015 |publisher=www.mlahanas.de}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Life's works===<br />
He wrote and edited the books Kavya Prakash, Mimansa Darshan, and the [[Yajurveda|''Krishna Yajurveda'']]. He also wrote pamphlets, including remarks on Dayananda Saraswati's ''Veda-Bhashya'', ''Thulasidharan Mimansa'', the authorship of ''Mrichchhakatika,'' and ''Lupta Samvatsara'', {{cite book |editor=Mahesh Chandra Nyayratna Bhattacharyya |title=The Mimansa Darsana (Bibliotheca Indica) |url=https://archive.org/stream/bibliothecaindi04unkngoog#page/n6/mode/1up |year=1889 |publisher=Baptist Mission Press |language=Hindi}} He made contributions to the development of roads and infrastructure, including the establishment of tramways in [https://geoiq.io/places/Narit/0uIkF1Kq9m Narit] and [[Howrah]].<br />
<br />
===Honours and titles===<br />
The title of ''[[Mahamahopadhyaya]]'' was conferred on 16 February 1887, on the occasion of the [[List of jubilees of British monarchs|Jubilee]] of [[Queen Victoria|Queen Victoria's]] reign, in recognition of outstanding contributions to oriental learning.{{cn|date=December 2025}} It entitled him to take rank in the [[Durbar (court)|Durbar]] immediately after the titular Rajas.{{cn|date=December 2025}}<br />
<br />
He was made a [[Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire]] (CIE) on 24 May 1881.{{cn|date=December 2025}} He also held the title of Nyayratna.{{cn|date=December 2025}}<br />
<br />
He held positions such as Visitor at the [[Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur|Government Engineering College]] at [[Shibpur]], [[Howrah]].<ref name="google2">{{cite book |title=The Golden Book of India: A Genealogical and Biographical Dictionary of the Ruling Princes, Chiefs, Nobles, and Other Personages, Titled Or Decorated of the Indian Empire |author=Lethbridge, R. |date=1893 |publisher=Aakar Books |isbn=9788187879541 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7iOsNUZ2MXgC |accessdate=21 August 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
Nyayratna Lane and Manmatha Bhattacharyya Street in [[Shyambazar]], [[North Kolkata]], are named after him.<ref name="wikimapia">{{cite web|url=http://www.wikimapia.org/#lat=22.599798&lon=88.37184&z=18&l=0&m=a&v=2|title=Nyayratna Lane |publisher=wikimapia.org|accessdate=21 August 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{cite book|title=The Golden Book of India: A Genealogical and Biographical Dictionary of the Ruling Princes, Chiefs, Nobles, and Other Personages, Titled Or Decorated of the Indian Empire|author=Lethbridge, R.|date=1893|publisher=Aakar Books|isbn=9788187879541|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7iOsNUZ2MXgC|accessdate=21 August 2015}}<br />
* [https://www.ramakrishnavivekananda.info/reminiscences/057_ksi.htm Ramakrishnavivekananda.info]<br />
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=EtcoeaQIQdAC&dq=manmatha+nath+bhattacharya+vivekananda&pg=PA102 Swami Vivekananda in India: A Corrective Biography by Rajagopal Chattopadhyaya]<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081203164401/http://www.commonground.ca/iss/0303140/lost_teachings_of_yoga.shtml Commonground.ca]<br />
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=_Wptq3dOqZYC&dq=manmatha+nath+bhattacharya+vivekananda&pg=PA134 Myth and Mythmaking by Julia Leslie]<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070711075526/http://www.frankreport.com/vivekananda/KnownLetters/Bhattacharya.html Frankreport.com/vivekananda/KnownLetters]<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110726054937/http://glorine.firehead.org/~pturing/occult/vivekananda/volume_6/conversations_and_dialogues/xii_sharat_chakravarty_frame.htm Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda, Volume 6, Conversations and Dialogues]<br />
* [https://www.vivekananda.net/PDFBooks/Reminiscences/SrinivasaPai.html Reminiscences of Swami Vivekananda by A. Srinivasa Pai]<br />
<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhattacharyya, Chandra Nyayratna}}<br />
[[Category:1836 births]]<br />
[[Category:1906 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Scholars from British India]]<br />
[[Category:People from the Bengal Presidency]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali Hindus]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Bengali people]]<br />
[[Category:19th-century Bengali people]]<br />
[[Category:Indian educators]]<br />
[[Category:19th-century Indian educators]]<br />
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]<br />
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Calcutta]]<br />
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire]]<br />
[[Category:Indian Sanskrit scholars]]<br />
[[Category:Sanskrit scholars from Bengal]]<br />
[[Category:Academics from Kolkata]]<br />
[[Category:People from Howrah district]]<br />
[[Category:19th-century Indian philanthropists]]<br />
[[Category:Indian social workers]]<br />
[[Category:Social workers from West Bengal]]<br />
[[Category:Indian social reformers]]<br />
[[Category:Sanskrit College people]]</div>Joseph678