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{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{refimprove|date=October 2009}}
[[File:Indian Kanauj triangle map.svg|alt=Illustration of the Rashtrakuta Empire and its territories, along with the Buddhist Pala Empire and the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty during the 9th and 10th centuries.|thumb|Illustration of the [[Rashtrakuta dynasty|Rashtrakuta Empire]] and its territories, along with the [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] [[Pala Empire]] and the [[Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty]] during the 9th and 10th centuries.]]
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Malkheda
| native_name = Malkheda
| native_name_lang =
| other_name = Manyakheta
| settlement_type = village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| nickname = Malkheda;Manyakheta
| pushpin_map = India Karnataka#India
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Karnataka, India
| coordinates = {{coord|17|11|42|N|77|9|39|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Taluks of Karnataka|Taluk]]
| subdivision_type4 = [[List of Constituencies of the Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha Constituency]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kalaburagi district]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Sedam]]
| subdivision_name4 = [[Gulbarga]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = Gram
| governing_body = Panchayat of Malkheda
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 11,180
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
=
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type =  PIN CODE
| postal_code = 585 317
| registration_plate = KA 32
| website =
| footnotes =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
}}
'''Malkheda''', originally known as '''Manyakheta''' ([[IAST]]''': Mānyakheṭa,''' [[Prakrit]]: '''"Mannakheḍa"'''), and also known as '''Malkhed''',<ref name="censusindia">Village code= 311400 {{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Village_Directory/Population_data/Population_5000_and_Above.aspx |title=Census of India : Villages with population 5000 & above |publisher=Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=18 December 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208044522/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Village_Directory/Population_data/Population_5000_and_Above.aspx |archive-date=8 December 2008 }}</ref><ref name="yahoomaps">{{cite web|url=http://in.maps.yahoo.com |title=Yahoomaps India : |access-date=8 December 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218082545/http://in.maps.yahoo.com/ |archive-date=18 December 2008 }} Malkhed (J), Gulbarga, Karnataka</ref> is a town in [[Karnataka]], India. It is located on the banks of [[Kadina River]] in [[Sedam|Sedam Taluk]] of [[Kalaburagi district]], around 40 km from [[Kalaburagi]].

The city reached the peak of its prosperity during the 9th and 10th centuries, serving as the capital of the expansionist [[Rashtrakuta dynasty]], which united almost all of the [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]]. At Manyakheta, there is a historical Fort, which its restoration is in progress based on a proposal submitted by HKADB (Hyderabad Karnataka Area Development Board).

==Demographics==
{{As of|2001}} India [[census]], Malkheda had a population of 11,180 with 5,679 males and 5,501 females and 2,180 households.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/PopulationFinder/View_Village_Population.aspx?pcaid=811712&category=VILLAGE |title=Census of India: View Population Details |publisher=Censusindia.gov.in |access-date=20 January 2013}}</ref>

==History==
Manyakheta rose to prominence when the capital of [[Rashtrakuta dynasty|Rashtrakutas]] was moved from [[Mayurkhandi]] in [[Bidar district]] to Mānyakheṭa during the rule of [[Amoghavarsha I]]. After the fall of the Rāṣṭrakūṭas, it remained the capital of their successors, the Kalyani [[Chalukyas]] or [[Western Chalukyas]] till about 1050 CE. According to Dhanapāla's ''Pāiyalacchi'', the city was sacked by the Paramāra king [[Siyaka|Harṣa Sīyaka]] in CE 972-73, the year he completed that work.<ref>[[Georg Bühler]], 'Pâiyalachchhî Nâmamâlâ', in Beiträge zur Kunde der Indogermanischen Sprachen, vol. 4, edited by Adalbert Bezzenberger (Göttingen, 1878) and B. J. Dośī, Pāia-lacchīnāmamāla (Prākṛta-Lakṣmināmamālā) (Bombay, 1960): v. 276</ref>

Manyakheta is home to two ancient institutions.

* '''The [[Uttaradi Matha]]''' of the [[Dwaita]] School of philosophy of [[Madhvacharya]]. The remains of one of its most prominent saints, Sri Jayatirtha's Mula Brindavana is here. He was a commentator of the celebrated "aNuvyakhyana" of [[Madhvacharya]] which itself is a commentary upon the "Brahma Sutras". For this commentary called Nyaya Sudha, he is popularly known as Teekacharya.
* '''The Jain [[Bhattaraka]] Math'''. The temple of Neminath (9th century AD). The pillars and walls of the temple date back to between the 9th and 11th centuries. The idols include [[tirthankaras]], choubisi (24 tirthankaras), Nandishwar dvipa and idols of yakshi. There is a famous panchdhatu shrine with 96 images. In the same temple, there are other historical images. The last bhaṭṭāraka of the Malkhed seat who reigned during the year 1950–61, was Bhaṭṭāraka Devendrakīrti.<ref>[https://www.soas.ac.uk/jainastudies/newsletter/file119532.pdf A Rare Letter of a Bhaṭṭāraka of Malayādri (=Malayakheḍa>Malkhed)
Padmanabh S. Jaini, CoJS Newsletter, March 2017, Issue 12, pp. 28-33]</ref>

The famous Mahapurana (Adipurana and Uttarapurana) was composed here by Acharya [[Jinasena]] and his pupil Gunabhadra in the 9th century. Somodeva Suri's Yasastilaka Champu was written here. The mathematics text Ganita Saara Sangraha was written here by [[Mahavira (mathematician)|Mahaviracharya]].

The famous [[Apabhramsha]] poet Pushapadanta lived here.

From 814 AD to 968 AD Manyakheta rose to prominence when The capital of [[Rashtrakutas]] was moved from ''Mayurkhandi'' in [[Bidar district]] to Mānyakheṭa during the rule of [[Amoghavarsha I]] (Nrupatunga Amoghavarsha), ruled for 64 years and wrote ''Kavirajamarga'' the first classical Kannada work. [[Amoghavarsha I]] and the scholars ''mathematician Mahaveeracharya'',
and intellectuals Ajitasenacharya, Gunabhadracharya and Jinasenacharya, he helped to spread [[Jainism]]. According to Dhanapāla's ''Pāiyalacchi'', the city was sacked by the Paramāra king [[Siyaka|Harṣa Sīyaka]] in 972–73 CE, the year he completed that work.<ref>[[Georg Bühler]], 'Pâiyalachchhî Nâmamâlâ', in Beiträge zur Kunde der Indogermanischen Sprachen, vol. 4, edited by Adalbert Bezzenberger (Göttingen, 1878) and B. J. Dośī, Pāia-lacchīnāmamāla (Prākṛta-Lakṣmināmamālā) (Bombay, 1960): v. 276</ref> In the year 1007 CE, Rajendra Chola destroyed the capital as per inscription in Tanjore Big Temple. After the fall of the Rāṣṭrakūṭas, it remained the capital of their successors, the Kalyani [[Chalukyas]] or [[Western Chalukyas]] till about 1050 CE. It was later ruled by [[Western Chalukya Empire|Kalyani Chalukyas]], [[Kalachuris of Kalyani|Southern Kalachuris]], [[Chola dynasty|Cholas]], [[Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri|Yadavas]], [[Kakatiya dynasty|Kakatiyas]], [[Delhi Sultanate]], [[Bahmani Sultanate]], [[Bidar Sultanate]], [[Bijapur Sultanate]], [[Mughal Empire]] and [[Nizam of Hyderabad]] by 1948.

[[census]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/PopulationFinder/View_Village_Population.aspx?pcaid=811712&category=VILLAGE |title=Census of India: View Population Details |publisher=Censusindia.gov.in |access-date=2013-01-20}}</ref>

== Economy ==
[[File:Malkhed Railway Station - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Malkheda railway station]]
Malkhed is the home to one of the biggest cement factories by name Rajashree Cements owned by the Aditya Birla Group. The village is now developing into a business centre for food grains, dairy and livestock trading . Malkhed has got the biggest livestock trading centre in the entire region. The main crops grown here are mostly rainfed crops like different varieties of pulses ''pigeonpea, greengram, blackgram''. Though water is plenty, it is rarely utilised for agriculture. The masonry here in Malkhed is basically stone masonry and the thatching of the roofs are done by square blocks of stone which are placed in a slanting way so that the rain water gets easily drained off.

==Transport==
Malkheda is well connected by road and railway. Malkheda lies in [[State Highway]] 10. Malkaheda is 40 km southeast to the District Headquarters [[Kalaburagi district]] and 18 km west to the Taluk Headquarters [[Sedam]]. There is also a railway station near the village, Malkhaid Road.

==See also==
* [[Udagi]]
* [[Kalaburagi district]]
* [[Shorapur]]
* [[Basava Kalyana]]
* [[Bidar]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
* Dr. Suryanath U. Kamath (2001). ''A Concise History of Karnataka from pre-historic times to the present'', Jupiter books, MCC, Bangalore (Reprinted 2002) OCLC: 7796041

==External links==
* http://Gulbarga.nic.in/

{{Historical places of Rashtrakuta}}
{{Settlements in [[Kalaburagi district]]}}
{{Hindu temples in Karnataka}}

{{Ancient Dharmic centres of Higher Learning}}

[[Category:Jain temples in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Western Chalukya Empire]]
[[Category:Former capital cities in India]]
[[Category:Villages in Kalaburagi district]]

Malkheda - Revision history

UpdateBot at 09:53, 19 June 2022