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{{short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}}
{{Infobox Indian politician
| name = Manohar Joshi
| native_name =
| image = Manohar Joshi1.jpg
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1937|12|02|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Raigad district|Raigad]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| order = 12th
| office = Chief Minister of Maharashtra
| order1 = 13th
| office1 = Speaker of the Lok Sabha
| term_start1 = 10 May 2002
| term_end1 = 2 August 2004
| deputy1 = [[P. M. Sayeed]]
| predecessor1 = [[G. M. C. Balayogi]]
| successor1 = [[Somnath Chatterjee]]
| term_start = 14 March 1995
| term_end = 31 January 1999
| governor = [[P. C. Alexander]]
| deputy = [[Gopinath Munde]]
| predecessor = [[Sharad Pawar]]
| successor = [[Narayan Rane]]
| office2 = [[Minister of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises]]
| primeminister2 = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| predecessor2 = [[Chandra Shekhar]]
| successor2 = [[Anant Geete]]
| term_start2 = 19 October 1999
| term_end2 = 9 May 2002
| office3 = [[Leader]] [[Shivsena]]
| term_start3 = 1966
| president3 = [[Bal Thackeray]](till 2012)
[[Uddhav Thackeray]](2012 onwards)
| office4 = [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly |Leader of the House Legislative Assembly <br/>Maharashtra]]
| termstart4 = 14 March 1995
| termend4 = 31 January 1999
| predecessor4 = [[Sharad Pawar]]
| successor4 = [[Narayan Rane]]
| office5 = [[Leader of the opposition]]<br/>[[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start5 = 22 March 1990
| term_end5 = 12 December 1991
| predecessor5 = [[Mrinal Gore]]
| successor5 = [[Gopinath Munde]]
| office6 = [[Mayor of Mumbai]]
| term_start6 = 1976
| term_end6 = 1977
| predecessor6 = [[Mehta]]
| successor6 = [[Murli Deora]]
| office7 = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Loksabha]]
| constituency7 = [[Mumbai North Central (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mumbai North Central]]
| term_start7 = 1999
| term_end7 = 2004
| predecessor7 = [[Ramdas Athawale]]
| successor7 = [[Eknath Gaikwad]]
| office8 = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Rajya Sabha]]
| term_start8 = 2006
| term_end8 = 2012
| predecessor8 = [[Ram Jethmalani]]
| successor8 = [[Anil Desai]]
| constituency8 = [[Maharashtra]]
| office9 = Member of [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start9 = 1990
| term_end9 = 1999
| predecessor9 = Sharayu Thakur
| successor9 = [[Vishakha Raut]]
| constituency9 = [[Dadar]]
| office10 = Member of [[Maharashtra Legislative Council]]
| term_start10 = 1972
| term_end10 = 1989
| constituency10 = [[Nominated]]
| office11 = [[Councillor]], [[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation]]
| term_start11 = 1968
| term_end11 = 1972
| constituency11 = [[Dadar]]
| party = [[Shiv Sena]]
| spouse = Anagha Joshi
| children = 3
| relatives = [[Sharvari Wagh]] (grand daughter)
| website =
| footnotes =
| signature =
}}

'''Manohar Gajanan Joshi''' (born 2 December 1937) is a prominent politician from the state of [[Maharashtra]]. He was the [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra]] from 1995 to 1999. He was [[Speaker of the Lok Sabha]] from 2002 to 2004. He is one of the prominent leaders of the [[Shiv Sena]]. He is also second [[India]]n to be elected to all of the four [[legislatures]].

==Background and family==
Joshi was born on 2 December 1937 in the [[Marathi language|Marathi]]-speaking [[Brahmin]] family of Gajanan Krishna Joshi and Saraswati Gajanan in Nandavi of [[Raigad district]] in [[Maharashtra]].<ref name="MemProf">{{cite web |title=Members Profile - Joshi, Shri Manohar |url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/members/memberbioprofile.aspx?mpsno=173&lastls=13 |website=loksabhaph.nic.in |access-date=18 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mumbai/balasaheb-thackeray-stood-behind-his-men-like-a-mountain/article1-960848.aspx |title=Balasaheb Thackeray stood behind his men like a mountain |first=Manohar |last=Joshi |work=Hindustan Times |date=18 November 2012 |access-date=3 August 2015 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20141109112125/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mumbai/balasaheb-thackeray-stood-behind-his-men-like-a-mountain/article1-960848.aspx |archive-date=9 November 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> He received his [[Masters of Arts]] and [[LLB]] degrees from [[Mumbai University]]. He married Anagha Joshi on 14 May 1964, with whom has a son, Unmesh, and two daughters, Asmita and Namrata.<ref name="MemProf"/><ref>{{cite news |title=अनघा मनोहर जोशी यांचे अल्पशा आजाराने निधन |url=https://www.tv9marathi.com/politics/former-chief-minister-of-maharashtra-manohar-joshis-wife-anagha-manohar-joshi-dies-251328.html |access-date=18 February 2022 |work=TV9 Marathi |date=3 August 2020 |language=mr}}</ref> His granddaughter, [[Sharvari Wagh]], made her debut as an actress with the 2021 film ''[[Bunty Aur Babli 2]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Did you know Bunty Aur Babli actress is Manohar Joshi's granddaughter? |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/bollywood-news/article/did-you-know-this-debutante-is-former-cm-manohar-joshis-granddaughter-22295171 |access-date=18 February 2022 |work=Mid Day |date=19 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

== Formation of Kohinoor ==

After MA in law he joined [[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation]] (BMC) as an officer, but later started the Kohinoor technical/vocational training institute with the idea of an institute for semi–skilled youths to offer training as electrician, plumber, TV/radio/scooter repairman, photography. Eventually, he started multiple branches of Kohinoor in Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Nashik, etc., and later he made an entry in construction and another capital-oriented business.

Manohar Joshi also founded the Kohinoor Business School & [[Kohinoor-IMI School of Hospitality Management]] in [[Khandala]], Maharashtra. Later on he took Chancellorship of Dnyaneshwar Vidyapeeth.

== Political career ==

=== Early years ===
He began his career by being elected to the Legislative Council from the [[Shiv Sena]]. He served three terms from 1972 till 1989. He became the Mayor of [[Mumbai]] during 1976 to 1977. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly from a [[Shiv Sena]] ticket in 1990.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://speakerloksabha.nic.in/former/manohar.asp |title= Former Speakers |publisher= Office of the Speaker of Lok Sabha, New Delhi|access-date=16 July 2012}}</ref>
[[File:Dnyaneshwar-agashe-manohar-joshi.png|thumb|right|Joshi with former [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI]] [[vice-president]] [[Dnyaneshwar Agashe]].]]

=== Chief Minister ===
He became the first non-[[Indian National Congress|Congress]] [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra]] when the Shiv Sena-[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) coalition came to power in 1995.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ananth |first1=Venkat |title=A brief history of Maharashtra's chief ministers |url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/nAzUgaowGFGaaxFlJEo7hI/A-brief-history-of-Maharashtras-chief-ministers.html |access-date=13 January 2021 |work=mint |date=28 October 2014 |language=en}}</ref> Technically, Sharad Pawar led the [[List of chief ministers of Maharashtra|first]] non-Congress government in Maharashtra in 1978 as a member of [[Indian National Congress (Socialist)]].

=== Controversy and resignation ===
Joshi and [[Bal Thackeray]] were explicitly named for inciting the Shivsainiks to violence against Muslims during the 1992–1993 riots in an inquiry ordered by the [[government of India]], the Srikrishna Commission Report. However, Joshi, then a part of the BJP-Sena government called the report "anti-Hindu, pro-Muslim and biased" and refused to adopt the commission's recommendations.<ref name="fln">{{cite web|url = http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl1517/15170200.htm|title = The Shiv Sena indicted|publisher = Frontlineonnet.com|access-date = 14 June 2013|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130328163323/http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl1517/15170200.htm|archive-date = 28 March 2013|quote=The Sena-Bharatiya Janata Party Government in Maharashtra has rejected the core of the report, which was presented before the two Houses of the legislature on August 6 along with a memorandum of action to be taken thereon. The Action Taken Report (ATR), seeks to establish that the report is one-sided. Going further, Chief Minister Manohar Joshi termed the report "anti-Hindu, pro-Muslim and biased." }}</ref><ref name="narula99">{{cite book|title=Broken People: Caste Violence Against India's "untouchables"|author=Smita Narula|publisher=Human Rights Watch|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kd28Ay09adgC&pg=PA124|year=1999|isbn=1564322289|quote=The reports findings were presented to the government of Maharashtra on February 16, 1998, more than five years after the riots took place. The report determined that the riots were the result of a deliberate and systematic effort to incite violence against Muslims and singled out Shiv Sena leader Bal Thackeray and Chief Minister Manohar Joshi as responsible. The Shiv Sena-BJP government, however, refused to adopt the commission's recommendations and instead labeled the report anti-Hindu.}}</ref>

As Chief Minister, he had permitted the release of a plot of land in Pune, reserved for a school, to a builder with ties to his son-in-law, Girish Vyas.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hand over Sundew Apartment or let PMC raze it: SC to Vyas Construction - Indian Express |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/hand-over-sundew-apartment-or-let-pmc-raze-it-sc-to-vyas-construction/859155/0 |access-date=27 September 2020 |work=Indian Express |date=13 October 2011}}</ref> A housing complex, named Sundew, was built on that land by Vyas in 1998. Sustained legal efforts by [[Vijay Kumbhar]], an RTI activist from Pune,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mid-day.com/news/india-news/article/victory-for-rti-activist-in-battle-against-former-cm-s-son-in-law-138595|title=Victory for RTI activist in battle against former CM's son-in-law|date=13 October 2011|website=mid-day}}</ref> led to Joshi's resignation in January 2009. In March 2009, [[Bombay High Court]] passed a verdict calling the housing complex illegal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai/pune-land-controversy-back-to-haunt-shiv-sena/story-WGlNJUfXfe5lgFLcnzKNbP.html|title=Pune land controversy back to haunt Shiv Sena|date=13 October 2011|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref> The [[Supreme Court of India]] upheld the verdict in 2011 and fined Joshi Rs 15,000. Following its order, the building is now being used for a school.<ref>{{cite news |title=Civic body starts school at Sundew apartments |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Civic-body-starts-school-at-Sundew-apartments/articleshow/23325823.cms |access-date=8 September 2019 |work=The Times of India |date=1 October 2013}}</ref>

=== Lok Sabha and Speaker ===
He was promoted to the Lok Sabha when he won from Central Mumbai in the 1999 General Elections. He was the Speaker of the [[Lok Sabha]] from 2002 to 2004 during the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]] (NDA) administration.

He was elected for a six-year term to the Rajya Sabha on 20 March 2006<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060321/main3.htm |title=Arjun, Bhardwaj, Shinde elected unopposed to Rajya Sabha |work=Tribuneindia.com |date=20 March 2006 |access-date=27 September 2020}}</ref> after being defeated in the previous Lok Sabha election from the Central Mumbai constituency.

==See also==
*[[Manohar Joshi ministry]]
* [[List of Chief Ministers of Maharashtra]]

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040821213309/http://www1.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/cms.dll/articleshow?art_id=9260782 May 8, 2002 news article "Manohar Joshi to be next LS speaker"] – [[Times of India]]
* [https://images.google.com/images?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&safe=off&q=+site:speakerloksabha.nic.in+Manohar+Joshi+-Murli Photos from site of Speaker of Lok Sabha]

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|in-lwr}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Ramdas Athawale]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament<br>for [[Mumbai North Central (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mumbai North Central]] |years=1999 – 2004}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Eknath Gaikwad]]}}
|-
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Sharad Pawar]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Maharashtra]]|years=14 March 1995 – 31 January 1999}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Narayan Rane]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[G. M. C. Balayogi]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Speaker of Lok Sabha]]|years=2002 – 2004}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Somnath Chatterjee]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Shiv Sena}}
{{Speakers of the Lok Sabha}}
{{Chief Ministers of Maharashtra}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Joshi Manohar}}
[[Category:Chief Ministers of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:1937 births|Joshi, Manohar]]
[[Category:Living people|Joshi, Manohar]]
[[Category:Mayors of Mumbai]]
[[Category:Marathi politicians]]
[[Category:Speakers of the Lok Sabha]]
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Shiv Sena politicians]]
[[Category:Members of the Maharashtra Legislative Council]]
[[Category:13th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:Politicians from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Opposition in the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]

Manohar Joshi - Revision history

UpdateBot at 17:21, 21 June 2022