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{{Short description|Observance in India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox holiday
|holiday_name = Marathwada Liberation Day
|type = Government
|image = File:Marathwada Freedom Fighters.jpg
|imagesize =
|caption = Side View of Marathwada Martyr Monument, [[Parbhani]]
|nickname =
|observedby =All districts of Aurangabad Division, [[Maharashtra]], India
|litcolor =
|longtype =
|significance = [[Marathwada]] became part of India on 17 September 1948
|begins =
|ends =
|date = 17 September
|scheduling = same day each year
|duration = 1 day
|frequency = Annual
|celebrations = *[[Indian National Flag]] is hoisted in Marathwada
*Various Cultural and Social Programs related to issues of Marathwada
*Various Cultural Programs Held at RajgopalChari Uddyan, Parbhani
|observances =
|relatedto = [[Marathwada]]
}}
'''Marathwada Liberation Day''', also known as '''Marathwada Mukti Sangram Din''' is celebrated in [[Maharashtra]] on 17 September annually. It marks the anniversary of [[Indian integration of Hyderabad|Marathwada's integration]] with India when the Indian military, invaded [[Hyderabad State|State of Hyderabad]], and defeated the [[Nizam of Hyderabad|Nizam]] on 17 September 1948, 13 months after [[Independence Day (India)|Indian independence]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/maharashtra/governor-greets-people-on-marathwada-mukti-sangram-din_1798040.html |title=Governor greets people on Marathwada Mukti Sangram Din |work=Zeenews.india.com |accessdate=17 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title = Rediff on the NeT: Marathwada to celebrate Hyderabad liberation jubilee|url = http://www.rediff.com/news/1998/aug/31hyd.htm|publisher = Rediff.com|accessdate = 25 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sakaaltimes.com/NewsDetails.aspx?NewsId=4755813807964463878&SectionId=5351696313519115080&SectionName=State&NewsTitle=64th+Marathwada+Mukti+Sangram+day+celebrated&fb_comment_id=573983925965182_6871026 |title=64th Marathwada Mukti Sangram day celebrated |work=Sakaaltimes.com |accessdate=17 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/books/how-the-nizam-lost-hyderabad-in-1948/article3765710.ece |title=How the Nizam lost Hyderabad in 1948 |work=The Hindu |date=14 August 2012 |accessdate=25 October 2015}}</ref>

==History==
India gained independence from British on 15 August 1947. After the [[Partition of India|partition]], princely states were given the option to join either [[India]] or [[Pakistan]]. The ruler of [[Hyderabad State|Hyderabad]], [[Osman Ali Khan]], decided to remain independent. He also appealed to the United Nations that his princely state, which included current [[Marathwada]] and [[Telangana]] regions, be granted statehood. This sparked a [[Telangana Rebellion|rebellion]] in the [[Hyderabad State|State]]. During the revolt Marathwada saw major uprisings against the Razakars .{{Citation needed|date=December 2018}} The main leaders of the revolt were [[Swami Ramanand Tirth]], Govindbhai Shroff, Vijayendra Kabra and Ramanbhai Parikh and P H Patwardhan. [[Bahirji Shinde]] was martyred at Aajegaon in the fight against Nizam.

The Indian government appeared anxious to avoid what it termed a "[[Balkanization]]" of the new country and was determined to integrate Hyderabad into the newly formed Indian Union.<ref name="MetcalfMetcalf2006">{{cite book| author1 = Barbara D. Metcalf| author2 = Thomas R. Metcalf|title = A Concise History of India|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=jGCBNTDv7acC| year = 2006 | edition = 2nd|publisher = Cambridge University Press| isbn = 978-0521682251}}</ref> Amidst the unrest the Indian government launched a military operation named [[Operation Polo]] which it termed a "police action". The operation itself took five days, in which the Razakars were defeated and Hyderabad was annexed.<ref>{{cite book|title=Students' Britannica India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ISFBJarYX7YC&pg=PA135|year=2000|publisher=Popular Prakashan|isbn=978-0-85229-760-5|pages=135–}}</ref><ref name="outlookindia1">{{cite web|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/news/article/veterans-recall-marathwada-liberation-struggle/693881 |title=Veterans Recall Marathwada Liberation Struggle | Sep 18,2010 |work=Outlookindia.com |accessdate=18 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="thehindu1">{{cite web | url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/celebrate-sept-17-as-liberation-day-bjp/article6234540.ece | title=Celebrate Sept. 17 as Liberation Day: BJP | work=The Hindu | date=22 July 2014 | accessdate=18 September 2015}}</ref><ref>Kate, P. V., Marathwada Under the Nizams, 1724–1948, Delhi: Mittal Publications, 1987, p.75</ref>

India was distributed amongst various [[Political integration of India#Princely states in India|princely states]]. At that time 562 out of 565 princely states were interested to integrate within India and they did so. But the Princely states of Hyderabad, Junagadh and Kashmir these three states didn't integrated within India or shown interest in doing so. At that time 'Princely State Of Hyderabad' was under the rule of [[Mir Osman Ali Khan|Nizam Mir Osman Ali Khan Bahadoor Niyamuddollah Nizam-ul Mulk Asafzah]]. To liberate from his state and to integrate within the newly formed Indian Union; major rebellion sparked among the entire region under the leadership of [[Swami Ramanand Tirtha|Swami Ramanand Tirth]] and his mates. The total population of Princely state Of Hyderabad at that time was about 1 Crore 60 Lakh. This included Telangana, Marathwada and some portion of Karnataka state.

After the spark of revolt against the state, Nizam's army chief Qasim Razvi started torture on people of the movement . On the other side the movement taken the speed. After which the other leaders rather than [[Swami Ramanand Tirtha|Swami Ramanand Tirth]] had joined the movement in which main leaders were, Digambarrao Bindu, Govindbhai Shroff, Ravinarayana Reddy, Devisingh Chauhan, Bhausaheb Vaishmpayan, Shankarsingh Naik, Vijayendra Kabra, Babasaheb Paranjape and Mohanappa Somnathpurkar and other . Every village has participated into the movement as they were under Nizam's brutality. Many independence fighters came to rescue the state. Even after the mega revolt for liberation the Nizam wasn't in the mood to surrender and gone after the people even harshly. Then, on 13 September 1948 [[Annexation of Hyderabad|Police action]] started in the state. Main armed forces intruded from the Solapur side . And within 2 hours of action the parts of Naldurg, And till the evening Tuljapoor, Parbhani to Manigarh, Kanergaon, Bonakal of Vijaywada were captured by the forces.

Forces which intruded from the sides of Chalisgaon captured Kannad, Daulatabad likewise forces entered from the Buldhana side of the state captured the Jalna city. On the other hand Indian forces attacked on the Varangal, Airport of Bidar. When Indian forces successfully took the Aurangabad on the 15 September, forces of Nizam started to back off. On the 17 September the army head of Nizam's forces Jan Al Idris surrendered on the same day even Nizam surrendered. Like this Liberation of this Princely state was successfully accomplished. The Britishers left the India with clashes on all side . There would have been 565 Countries on the Indian subcontinent but the ambition of Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel bought together the Indian Union.He is also referred as the Iron Man of Indian Independence.<ref>{{Citation|title=Vallabhbhai Patel|date=2020-06-20|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vallabhbhai_Patel&oldid=963616362|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2020-06-22}}</ref>

==Related issues==
[[Marathwada]], [[Telangana]] and 4 districts of [[Karnataka]] were part of the former princely [[Hyderabad state]]. Since 1948, when Hyderabad annexed, 17 September has been celebrated as "Liberation day" by [[Government of Maharashtra|Maharashtra]] and [[Government of Karnataka|Karnataka]]. Evidence of which is observed in [[Pandit Sunderlal Committee Report]].

==See also==

* [[Tourism in Marathwada]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Marathwada}}

[[Category:Observances in India]]
[[Category:History of Marathwada]]
[[Category:September observances]]
[[Category:Autumn events in India]]

Marathwada Liberation Day - Revision history

CleanupBot II at 10:53, 14 August 2023