>Vanisaac at 08:19, 17 April 2020

2020-04-17T08:19:56Z

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{{use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2016}}
{{Infobox royalty
| reign = ''c.'' 730 - 765 AD<ref>Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1958, second ed.) ''A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar''. Madras, Oxford University Press. 165.</ref>
| coronation =
| predecessor = [[Kochadaiyan Ranadhiran|Ko Chadaiyan Ranadhira]]
| successor = Jatila Parantaka Nedunjadaiyan/Varaguna I
| dynasty = [[Pandyan dynasty|Pandya]]
| father = [[Kochadaiyan Ranadhiran|Ko Chadaiyan Ranadhira]]
}}
{{Pandyan}}
'''Maravarman Rajasimha I''' (''r. c.'' 730 - 765 AD), also known as '''Pallavabhanjana''', was a [[Pandya dynasty|Pandya]] king of early medieval south India.<ref>Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1958, second ed.) ''A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar''. Madras, Oxford University Press. 165.</ref> He was the son and successor of [[Kochadaiyan Ranadhiran|Ko Chadaiyan Ranadhira]].<ref name=":0">Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1929) ''The Pandyan Kingdom.'' London, Luzac and Company. 56-58.</ref> He remembered for his important successes against the [[Pallava dynasty|Pallavas]] and in the Kongu country.<ref name=":0" />

Although mentioned in the Larger Sinnamanur Plates, the Velvikkudi Grant is the major source of information about this Pandya king.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1929) ''The Pandyan Kingdom.''London, Luzac and Company. 51-52.</ref>

==Life and career==

=== Siege of Nandigrama ===
When the [[Pallava dynasty|Pallava]] king [[Paramesvaravarman II|Parameswara II]] died in a battle with the Gangas, a crisis arose in the Pallava kingdom over succession. The Pallava officials then chose a young prince, [[Nandivarman II|Nandivarman II Pallavamalla]], ''r. c''. 731 - 96 AD, as the next monarch.<ref>Noburu Karashima (ed.), ''A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations.'' New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 87-88.</ref> Rajasimha espoused the cause of a son of Parameswara II (named Chitramaya) in this crisis.<ref name=":0" />

The Pandya seems to have taken part in the campaigns which led to the siege of [[Nandivarman II]] in Nandigrama (Nandipuram, Kumbakonam) by the Tamil princess. <ref name=":0" /> The Velvikkudi Grant ascribes him victories at Neduvayal, Kurumadai, Mannikuricchi (Mannaikkudi<ref name=":4" />), Tirumangai, Puvalur, and Kodumbalur.<ref name=":0" /> The grant also says that he defeated [[Nandivarman II]] in a battle at Kuzhumbur.<ref name=":0" /> The siege was eventually raised by Pallava general Udayachandra (as mentioned in the Udayendiram Plates of Pallavamalla).<ref name=":0" /> He defeated the Pandyas, beheaded prince Chitramaya, and made the Pallava throne secure for Nandivarman II.<ref name=":3">Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1958, second ed.) ''A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar''. Madras, Oxford University Press. 149-50.</ref>

Even after defeating the Gangas in c. 760 AD, the Pallavas were unable to restrain the growing power of the Pandyas.<ref name=":2" />

=== Kongu country ===
Rajasimha I won a battle at Periyalur, then crossed the [[Kaveri River]] to subjugate the country of Mala Kongam (borders of Trichy and Thanjavur districts).<ref name=":1">Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1929) ''The Pandyan Kingdom.''London, Luzac and Company. 57-58.</ref> The Malava king who suffered defeat gave his daughter in marriage to Rajasimha. It seems that the conquests of the Pandya extended up to Pandikkodumudi (Kodumudi). <ref name=":1" />

Rajasimha is reportly to have "renewed the cities of Kudal, Vanchi and Kozhi". It is possible that this is a reference to the conquest of the ancient capitals of the Pandyas, the Cheras and the Cholas.<ref name=":1" />

=== Battle of Venbai ===
Velvikkudi Grant describes the Pandya foray in to the Ganga kingdom (a vassal of the Chalukyas).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /> It says that the Western Chalukya king was defeated by the Pandya king in a battle at Venbai. Subsequently, a Ganga princess was offered in marriage to a Pandya prince (a son of the Pandya king).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /> The Western Chalukya king who was defeated was probably Kirttivarman II (and thus the southern territory of the Chalukya kingdom was lost to the Pandyas under Kirttivarman II).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">Noburu Karashima (ed.), ''A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations.'' New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 88.</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Rajasimha, Maravarman, I}}
[[Category:Pandyan kings]]
[[Category:Year of death unknown]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:8th-century Indian monarchs]]

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Maravarman Rajasimha I - Revision history

>Vanisaac at 08:19, 17 April 2020