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Bairagi is a Section of Hindu.[1][2][3] It is also known by other names including Swami, Vaishnav, Mahant and Pujari at different places in India.[4] They are particularly priests[5][6][7] and land owners.[8][9][10] They follow one of the Four Vaishnava orders: the Visishtadvaita belief system of Ramanuja (popularized by Ramananda in North India), the Dvaitadvaita philosophy propagated by Nimbarkacharya, the Shuddhadvaita philosophy propagated by Vishnuswami (mostly popularised by Vallabhacharya in North India), or the Dvaita philosophy propagated by Madhvacharya. The Bairagi caste is composed of respectable people.[11][12]

According to these Philosophies, people are divided into four main sampradaya (Religious systems):

File:Ramanuja embracing Lord Varadaraj.jpg
Swami Ramanujacharya depicted with Vaishnava Tilak and Vishnu statue.
File:Shri Madhvacharya.jpg
Jagadguru Madhvacharya
Shri Nimbarkacharya's idol at Ukhra Nimbarka Peeth, West Bengal.

Majority of the members of the Bairagi community perform priesthood practices in temples.[5] Swami surname is Mostly used in northwestern regions of India. These people are known as[14]

Classification

The Bairagi community is given reservation in government jobs and educational institutes as an Other Backward Class in various regions of India. These include Madhya Pradesh[23](But Brahmin Bairagi are not included into OBC),[24]Chandigarh,[25] Chhattisgarh[26] Delhi,[27] Haryana,[28] Himachal Pradesh,[29] Jharkhand,[30] Odisha,[31] Punjab,[32] Uttar Pradesh,[33] Uttarakhand.[34]

Bairagi caste is considered Forward caste in Bihar, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Kerala, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Daman and Diu, Goa, Jammu and Kashmir, Puducherry, Andaman and Nicobar and Dadra and Nagar Haveli.[35][36]

Origin

The name Bairagi is derived from the Sanskrit word vairagya, which means, "One who is free from worldly Affairs"[37]

Identification of Bairagi

Galtaji temple, Jaipur (One Dwara of Ramanandi Sri Sampradaya from fifty two Dwaras of Bairagis, known as Gaddi of Kilhadev Acharya in bairagi community)[38]

A Bairagi is one whose principal deity is Vishnu or either of his great incarnations: Rama or Krishna. The caste spread throughout India, but they are more concentrated in the northwestern states of the country. Bairagis can be identified by their necklaces of Tulsi beads and their tilak, (a spot of colored powder or paste worn on the forehead, known as Urdhva Pundra). The Bairagi are vegetarian but avoid masur dal (lentil), onion, and garlic.[3]

There are 52 gotras (clans) and 52 dwaras (schools) of Vaishnavas. They follow the dual gotra system: Vaishnava Acharya gotra and Rishi gotra, i.e. Kilhadeva acharya (Kilhavat) and Kaushik gotra are gotras of the same clan. There are a small section non-Brahmin Bairagis who joined the community during the Bhakti movement.[39]

Bairagi Dynasties and States

Nandgaon State

The first ruler Mahant Ghasi Das of Nandgaon State, was recognized as a feudal chief by the British government in 1865 and was granted a sanad of adoption. Later the British conferred the title of raja on the ruling mahant.[40][41]

Chhuikhadan State

The chiefs of Chhuikhadan State were originally under the Bhonsles of Nagpur, the first Chief being Mahant Rup Das in 1750. However, after defeat of Marathas, they were recognized by British as feudatory chiefs in 1865 conferring the title and sanad to Mahant Laxman Das.[42]

Bairagi Akharas

There are three prominent Bairagi (Vaishnav) Akharas:[43][44]

Notable people

Tulsidas composes one of his works. Statue at Saint Tulsidas Municipal Inter College, Soron, Kasganj, Uttar Pradesh.
Veer Banda Bairagi Memorial in Khanda, Sonipat, Haryana.

Spiritual

Rulers

Politics

Revolutionaries (freedom fighters)

Landlords

Poet and writer

Others

References

  1. ↑ Global Prayer Digest. www.globalprayerdigest.org. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  2. ↑ India and Nepal: Sacred Centres and Anthropological Researches{{#if:Jha|, Jha}. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd.(1998). ISBN 978-81-7533-081-8
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Rajasthan{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Popular Prakashan(1998). ISBN 978-81-7154-766-1
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Volume 2{{#if:Ph.D|, Ph.D}. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc(2001-12-15). ISBN 978-0-8239-3180-4
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 https://www.bhaskar.com/RAJ-OTH-MAT-latest-bhinmal-news-024003-969007-NOR.html/
  6. ↑ वैष्णव बैरागी समाज ने जिला कलक्टर को सौंपा ज्ञापन. Patrika News. Retrieved 2021-06-15.
  7. ↑ Uttarākhaṇda kā itihāsa: Uttarakhanda ke abhilekha evam mudra{{#if:Ḍabarāla|, Ḍabarāla}. Vīra-Gāthā-Prakāśana(1965)
  8. ↑ ताजमहल से जुड़ी है बैरागी परंपरा. Jansatta(2021-05-09). Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  9. ↑ India's Communities{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Oxford University Press(1998). ISBN 978-0-19-563354-2
  10. ↑ REPORT ON THE REVISION OF SETTLEMENT OF THE PANIPAT TAHSIL & KARNAL PARGANAH OF THE KARNAL DISTRICT{{#if:IBBETSON|, IBBETSON}(1883)
  11. ↑ Linguistic and Oriental Essays{{#if:Cust|, Cust}. Trübner & Company(1880)
  12. ↑ Census of India, 1961{{#if:General|, General}. Manager of Publications(1966)
  13. ↑ Brahma Sampradaya | Gaudiya History. gaudiyahistory.iskcondesiretree.com. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  14. ↑ Communities, Segments, Synonyms, Surnames and Titles{{#if:Singh|, Singh}. Anthropological Survey of India(1996). ISBN 978-0-19-563357-3
  15. ↑ Uttrakhand Mein Aadhyatmik Paryatan : Mandir Evam Tirath{{#if:Shah|, Shah}. Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd.. ISBN 978-81-7182-282-9
  16. ↑ अभा वैष्णव ब्राह्मण सेवा संघ ने ज्ञापन सौंपा. Dainik Bhaskar(2015-08-04). Retrieved 2021-06-15.
  17. ↑ People of India: Delhi{{#if:Singh|, Singh}. Anthropological Survey of India(1996). ISBN 978-81-7304-096-2
  18. ↑ Śrī Ācārya subodha caritāmr̥ta{{#if:Acyuta|, Acyuta}. Uttama Āśrama Sādhu Saṃsthāna (Pranyāsa Maṇḍala)(1990)
  19. ↑ Precolonial and Colonial Punjab: Society, Economy, Politics, and Culture : Essays for Indu Banga{{#if:Banga|, Banga}. Manohar(2005). ISBN 978-81-7304-654-4
  20. ↑ Devataom ke desa mem{{#if:Thakur|, Thakur}(1959)
  21. ↑ Bāraha Bhāī Biñjhavāra{{#if:Naik|, Naik}. Madhyāpradeśa Hindī Grantha Akādamī(1972)
  22. ↑ Śrī Paramānanda smr̥ti-kaṇa: Paramahaṃsa Svāmī Paramānanda Jī Mahārāja kā Saṃsmaraṇātmaka jīvana-caritra{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Śrī Bhagavad Bhakti Āśrama(1974)
  23. ↑ National Commission for Backward Classes. www.ncbc.nic.in. Retrieved 2021-06-12.
  24. ↑ Madhya Pradesh Commission for Backward Classes. www.bccomm.mp.gov.in. Retrieved 2021-06-12.
  25. ↑ National Commission for Backward Classes. www.ncbc.nic.in. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
  26. ↑ National Commission for Backward Classes. www.ncbc.nic.in. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
  27. ↑ National Commission for Backward Classes. www.ncbc.nic.in. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
  28. ↑ National Commission for Backward Classes. www.ncbc.nic.in. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
  29. ↑ National Commission for Backward Classes. www.ncbc.nic.in. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
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  31. ↑ National Commission for Backward Classes. www.ncbc.nic.in. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
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  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 Rajsthan through the ages - Vol 4. Jaipur rulers and administrators{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Sarup & sons(2008). ISBN 978-81-7625-841-8
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  122. ↑ Odisha: Amar Patnaik, Sasmit Patra and Ashwini Baishnab elected to Rajya Sabha. Business Standard India(2019-06-28). Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  123. ↑ Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw | National Portal of India. www.india.gov.in. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  124. ↑ MP Ashwini Vaishnav nominated as Press Council of India member. Pragativadi(2021-04-21). Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  125. ↑ अतीत के झरोखे से: जब 1996 में रणधीर रेढू, 1991 में रामकिशन बैरागी की कटी थी अंतिम क्षणों में टिकट. punjabkesari(2019-10-19). Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  126. ↑ जीत से भाजपा को जिले में मिली ऑक्सीजन. Dainik Jagran. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  127. ↑ Haryana Review{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Haryana Public Relations Department(1981)
  128. ↑ Parliamentary Debates{{#if:Sabha|, Sabha}(1964)
  129. ↑ जनसत्ता धर्म दीक्षा: राजा भी रहे हैं बैरागी साधु. Jansatta(2020-04-27). Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  130. ↑ Members Bioprofile. loksabhaph.nic.in. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  131. ↑ चाहे सभी सुमन बिक जाएं... पर अपनी गंध नहीं बेचूंगा -बालकवि बैरागी. Amar Ujala. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  132. ↑ बैरागी की जगह लगेगी बोस की प्रतिमा. Divya Himachal. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  133. ↑ कसौली से भड़की थी 1857 के विद्रोह की चिंगारी. m.jagran.com. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  134. ↑ Kanhaiyalal Sharma. Caste, Class, and Social Movements, Rawat Publications, (1986) p.124, Template:ISBN
  135. ↑ वैष्णव बैरागी समाज की मीटिंग में समाज की समस्या और मुद्दों पर चर्चा हुई. Bhilwara Samachar. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  136. ↑ Who is Mahant Nritya Gopal Das, head of Ram Janmabhoomi Nyas. The Week. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  137. ↑ जानें कौन हैं श्री रामजन्मभूमि न्यास के अध्यक्ष महंत नृत्य गोपालदास. Amar Ujala. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  138. ↑ Mahant Paramhans Ramchandra Das: The Seer Who Guided the Ram Temple Journey for Decades. www.news18.com(2020-08-05). Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  139. ↑ कौन हैं महंत परमहंस रामचंद्र दास, दिगंबर अखाड़ा में क्यों गूंज रहा संगीतमय भजन. ETV Bharat News. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  140. ↑ नहीं रहे प्रसिद्ध साहित्यकार बालकवि बैरागी, 87 की उम्र में हुआ निधन. आज तक. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  141. ↑ स्मृति शेष बालकवि बैरागी : 'चाहे सौ फागुन बिक जाएं, पर मैं गंध नहीं बेचूंगा'. Zee News Hindi(2018-05-14). Retrieved 2021-06-14.
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  143. ↑ Lusofonia Games: Indian men defeat Mozambique in volleyball. www.news18.com(2014-01-19). Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  144. ↑ Prachi Vaishnav bags film Rocket Gang, Suthar, Author: Manisha. IWMBuzz(2021-01-22). Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  145. ↑ Ankur Nayyar, Neetha Shetty, Prachi Vaishnav and Jitendra Trehan in Savdhaan India, Suthar, Author: Manisha. IWMBuzz(2021-01-04). Retrieved 2021-06-14.
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  147. ↑ Home. minoti-vaishnav. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  148. ↑ Olympedia – Arul Swami. www.olympedia.org. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  149. ↑ Arul Swami Bio, Stats, and Results | Olympics at Sports-Reference.com(2020-04-18). Retrieved 2021-06-14.
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