Indirana is a genus of frogs in the family Ranixalidae.[1][2] These frogs are endemic to the Western Ghats of India. They are sometimes known under the common name Indian frogs,[3] whereas members of their parent family are named "leaping frogs".[1][4]
Indirana represent an ancient radiation of frogs that diverged from all other frogs almost 50 million years ago. This has credited Indirana gundia as a status of one of the "Top 100 Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered Amphibians".[5]
Description
Indirana species are small and slender-bodied frogs. They are typically found in leaf litter or near streams.[4] The tadpoles have hind limbs and finless tails, and are able to leap away to escape threats.[5][6]
Taxonomy
Traditional classifications place the genus within the subfamily Ranixalinae of the family Ranidae, along with the genera Nannophrys and Nyctibatrachus.[7] The Ranixalinae have also been placed under the family Nyctibatrachidae.[8] Darrel R. Frost et al. (2006) placed them within the family Petropedetidae.[9][10]
Species
New species are still being discovered: Indirana salelkari was discovered in the Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary in the Indian state of Goa and described in late July 2015.[11] The following species are recognised in the genus Indirana:[3]
- Indirana beddomii (Günther, 1876)
- Indirana bhadrai Garg and Biju, 2016
- Indirana brachytarsus (Günther, 1876)
- Indirana chiravasi Padhye, Modak, and Dahanukar, 2014
- Indirana duboisi Dahanukar, Modak, Krutha, Nameer, Padhye, and Molur, 2016
- Indirana gundia (Dubois, 1986)
- Indirana leithii (Boulenger, 1888)
- Indirana longicrus (Rao, 1937)
- Indirana paramakri Garg and Biju, 2016
- Indirana salelkari Modak, Dahanukar, and Padhye, 2015
- Indirana sarojamma Dahanukar, Modak, Krutha, Nameer, Padhye, and Molur, 2016
- Indirana semipalmata (Boulenger, 1882)
- Indirana tysoni Dahanukar, Modak, Krutha, Nameer, Padhye, and Molur, 2016
- Indirana yadera Dahanukar, Modak, Krutha, Nameer, Padhye, and Molur, 2016
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Ranixalidae Dubois, 1987. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
- ↑ Ranixalidae. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Indirana Laurent, 1986. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Academic Press(2014)
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Gundia Indian Frog (Indirana gundia). Zoological Society of London. Retrieved 1 June 2014.
- ↑ Jumping behavior of semiterrestrial tadpoles of Indirana beddomii (Günth.): relative importance of tail and body size. Journal of Herpetology({Template:Year).
- ↑ Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Academic Press(2001). ISBN 978-0-12-782622-6
- ↑ Ranixalinae. ZipCodeZoo, BayScience Foundation, Inc.. Retrieved 6 March 2012.
- ↑ The Amphibian Tree of Life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History({Template:Year).
- ↑ Review of the genus Petropedetes Reichenow, 1874 in Central Africa with the description of three new species (Amphibia: Anura: Petropedetidae). Zootaxa({Template:Year).
- ↑ Newly discovered frog species named after Goan forest officer(2015-07-29). Retrieved 2015-08-02.