List of space travelers by nationality

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Created by Ajay Kumar
Last edited August 24, 2023
Countries (and successor states) whose citizens have flown in space as of September 2019.

The criteria for determining who has achieved human spaceflight vary. The Template:Lang (FAI) defines spaceflight as any flight over Template:Convert, while in the United States, professional, military and commercial astronauts who travel above an altitude of Template:Convert are awarded astronaut wings. The majority of people who have flown into space have done so by entering Earth orbit. This list includes people meeting all three criteria, in separate subdivisions.

The flags indicate the space traveler's nationality at the time of their flight. In cases of dual citizenship, the space traveler is listed under their primary residence. A secondary list appended to the entry for the Soviet Union shows the birth countries of space travelers not born in Russia. A similar list after the entry for the United States shows the birth countries of space travelers who were citizens of the US but were born elsewhere. Flags shown in the secondary lists are those in use at the time of the space travelers' birth.

Names in italic are space travelers who are not part of any national astronaut program or astronaut corps (Toyohiro Akiyama, Helen Sharman, the Space Adventures customers and the sub-orbital SpaceShipOne and Blue Origin pilots).

Template:TOC limit

Statistics

Template:As of, people from 44 countries have traveled in space.[1] Template:As of 570 have reached the altitude of space according to the FAI definition of the boundary of space,[2] and Template:As of 656 people have reached the altitude of space according to the USAF definition and 602 people have reached Earth orbit.[3] 24 people have traveled beyond low Earth orbit and either circled, orbited, or walked on the Moon.

Of the 44 countries whose citizens have traveled into Earth orbit, 25 have flown a single space traveler, and four others (Belgium, Bulgaria, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom) have flown two each. 94% of all space travelers have been contributed by the following eight nations:

Template:Bar box 1 Includes 70 ♂ and 2 ♀️ Soviet cosmonauts.
2 Includes both national space programme activity and European Space Agency participation.
3 Includes astronauts from the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic.

Suborbital space fliers

Fliers marked with an asterisk flew into the upper atmosphere between Template:Convert, which counts as space flight by United States guidelines. Those without flew above Template:Convert, which counts as a space flight by Template:Lang guidelines.

Antigua and Barbuda

Australia

Brazil

Canada

Egypt

Italy

Portugal

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

The Soviet Union never launched a spaceflight intended as suborbital. The following people were launched aboard Soyuz 7K-T No.39 (also Soyuz 18a), which was intended as orbital, but aborted before reaching orbit.[4]

United States

The Netherlands

United Kingdom

Additionally, Hamish Harding was a dual national British and UAE and Vanessa O'Brien is a dual national American and British. Both chose to fly the British flag on their respective Blue Origin flights.[5]

Orbital space travelers

Afghanistan

Australia

Brazil

Bulgaria

Canada

China

Template:See also

Cuba

Czechoslovakia

European Space Agency members

Template:See also

Some of these astronauts participated in national space programme activity unrelated to their home country's contemporary or subsequent membership of the European Space Agency.

Austria

Belgium

Denmark

France

Germany

Template:See also

Italy

Netherlands

Template:See also

Poland

Romania

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

United Kingdom

Additionally, Michael Foale was born in England to a British father and American mother. He is a dual citizen of the United Kingdom and the United States, and was raised and educated in England. He flew as a member of NASA's Astronaut Corps with dual British American citizenship.[7] Gregory H. Johnson has foreign (US) citizenship, having been born in the UK to American parents, while Piers Sellers, Nicholas Patrick, Richard Garriott and Mark Shuttleworth have dual nationalities.

Hungary

India

Israel

Japan

Template:See also

Kazakhstan

Malaysia

Mexico

Mongolia

Poland

Russia and the Soviet Union

Template:Main

The Soviet space program came under the control of the Russian Federation in December 1991; the new program, now called the Russian Federal Space Agency, retained continuity of equipment and personnel with the Soviet program. While all Soviet and RKA cosmonauts were born within the borders of the USSR, many were born outside the boundaries of Russia, and may be claimed by other Soviet successor states as nationals of those states. These cosmonauts are marked with an asterisk * and their place of birth is shown in an appended list. All, however, claimed Soviet or Russian citizenship at the time of their space flights.

A

B

D

F

G

I

K

L

M

N

O

P

R

S

T

U

V

Y

Z

Soviet and Russian cosmonauts born outside Russia

All of the locations below were part of the former USSR at the time of the cosmonauts' birth.

Azerbaijan SSR / Azerbaijan
Byelorussian SSR / Belarus
Georgian SSR / Georgia
Kazakh SSR / Kazakhstan
Kirghiz SSR / Kyrgyzstan
Latvian SSR / Latvia
Turkmen SSR / Turkmenistan
Ukrainian SSR / Ukraine
Uzbek SSR / Uzbekistan

Saudi Arabia

Slovakia

South Africa

South Korea

Syria

Ukraine

United Arab Emirates

United States

Template:Small Asterisked space travelers were born outside the United States

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

R

S

T

V

W

Y

Z

Americans born abroad

  1. Template:Flagicon image William Anders, born in Hong Kong to American parents.
  2. Template:Flagicon Gregory Chamitoff, born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
  3. Template:Flagicon Michael Collins, born in Rome, Italy to American parents.
  4. Template:Flagicon Richard Garriott, born in Cambridge, England.
  5. Template:Flagicon Gregory H. Johnson, born in South Ruislip, England.
  6. Template:Flagicon Frederick W. Leslie, born in Ancón, Panama Canal Zone (now Panama).
  7. Template:Flagicon Kjell N. Lindgren, born in Taipei, Taiwan.
  8. Template:Flagicon Shannon Lucid♀, born in Shanghai, China (then under Japanese rule) to American parents.
  9. Template:Flagicon James H. Newman, born in the United Nations Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (now Micronesia).

Naturalized Americans

  1. Template:Flagicon Anousheh Ansari♀, born in Mashhad, Iran. First Iranian-American in space. Fourth space tourist and first female space tourist.
  2. Template:Flagicon Franklin Chang-Diaz, born in San José, Costa Rica. First Costa Rican-American in space.
  3. Template:Flagicon Kalpana Chawla♀, born in Karnal, India. First Indian-American in space.
  4. Template:Flagicon Michael Foale, born in Louth, England, dual British and American citizen.
  5. Template:Flagicon Michael Lopez-Alegria, born in Madrid, Spain.
  6. Template:Flagicon Carlos I. Noriega, born in Lima, Peru. First Peruvian-born person in space.
  7. Template:Flagicon Nicholas Patrick, born in Saltburn-by-the-Sea, England, dual UK-US citizen.
  8. Template:Flagicon Paul Scully-Power, born in Sydney, Australia.
  9. Template:Flagicon Piers Sellers, born in Crowborough, England, dual UK-US citizen.
  10. Template:Flagicon Charles Simonyi, born in Budapest, Hungary. Fifth space tourist.
  11. Template:Flagicon Andrew Thomas, born in Adelaide, Australia.
  12. Template:Flagicon Eugene Trinh, born in Saigon, State of Vietnam (now Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam). First Vietnamese-American in space.
  13. Template:Flagicon Lodewijk van den Berg, born in Sluiskil, the Netherlands.
  14. Template:Flagicon Taylor Wang, born in Shanghai, China. First Chinese American in space.

Vietnam

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Other Wikipedia articles count Anousheh Ansari as an Iranian-American dual citizen; they may also consider Russia and the Soviet Union, or East, West, and even united Germany as distinct countries, resulting in counts of 40 or more countries.
  2. ↑ International Astronaut Database. Aerospace Security(2022-07-05). Retrieved 2023-08-09.
  3. ↑ Astronaut/Cosmonaut Statistics. World Space Flight(2023-06-15). Retrieved 2023-08-09.
  4. ↑ Soyuz 18-1. Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved July 27, 2014.
  5. ↑ Dubai resident Hamish Harding to fly into space on Blue Origin's mission on May 20. Daily Guardian. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
  6. ↑ EVA-22: Cassidy and Parmitano complete ISS spacewalk July 9, 2013
  7. ↑ Astronaut Michael Foale retires from Nasa. BBC News(10 August 2013). Retrieved 5 November 2013.
  8. ↑ Armenians and the World: Yesterday and Today{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Noyan Tapan(2001). ISBN 9789993051299

*Due to the rise of space tourism (predominately done through private companies, such as but not limited to: Space X and Virgin) this list may change or may become outdated .Template:Space exploration lists and timelines

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Template:Use American English

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