Jalpaiguri

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About: the city in India

For other uses, see Jalpaiguri (disambiguation).


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Jalpaiguri

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Settlement type City
Country India
State
District
Subdivision

Jalpaiguri (Template:IPA) is a city in the Indian state of West Bengal.[1] It is the headquarter of the Jalpaiguri district and the Jalpaiguri division, covering the five districts of North Bengal.[2] The city is located on the banks of the Teesta River and Karala River, on the foothills of the Himalayas.[3] The city is home to the circuit bench of the Calcutta High Court, the other seat being at Port Blair in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.[4][5] Jalpaiguri features the Jalpaiguri Government Engineering College, the second campus of the University of North Bengal and the Biswa Bangla Krirangan/ Jalpaiguri Sports Village.[6][7] It lies about Template:Cvt south of its twin city Siliguri. The merging of the two cities makes it the largest metropolis of the region.

Etymology

The name "Jalpaiguri" comes from the Bengali words "Jalpai" meaning Ceylon olive, which grew in the city and adjacent areas, and "Guri" meaning a place.[8][9]

Geography

Jalpaiguri is the district headquarter of Jalpaiguri District. It is situated at a height of 89m(292ft) from Mean Sea Level. The city lies very close to the Himalayas and on the left bank of Teesta river. The Karla river is another major river of Jalpaiguri which flows through the city.

File:Kanchenjunga from Jalpaiguri 2.jpg
Mount Kanchenjunga as viewed from Jalpaiguri in October 2020
File:Kangchenjunga from Jalpaiguri at sunrise.jpg
Kangchenjunga from Jalpaiguri at sunrise (November 2022)

Climate

Temperature

The annual average temperature of Jalpaiguri city is 24.8 °C. In summer, the temperature varies from a minimum of 20–22 °C to a maximum of 30–35 °C. August is the hottest month with an average temperature of 29.2 °C. The temperature in peak summer sometimes exceeds 37 °C.[10][11] The highest temperature ever recorded in Jalpaiguri was 40.9 °C, recorded on 21 July 1986. The winter maximum temperature here hovers around 22–25 °C and minimum drops to 8–10 °C. The minimum temperature sometimes falls below 7 °C.[12][13][14] The lowest temperature ever dropped in Jalpaiguri city was 2.2 °C, recorded on 5 February 1914.[15]

Rainfall and other conditions

As Jalpaiguri is located on the base of the Himalayas, the city receives a high amount of rainfall throughout the year. The average annual rainfall is approximately 3400 mm.[16] A distinct season, monsoon is observed from June to September. About 917.3 mm rain falls in July. Though the amount plummets to 3.3 mm in December.[16] On an average, the rainy days in Jalpaiguri city are 100.[16] The heaviest one-day rainfall occurred on 10 July 1999 when 474 mm rain fell on the city. The wettest month was July 1996. In that month, a total of 1546.2 mm of rain was received.[16] Jalpaiguri doesn't get snowfall. Humidity is very high in the air. Template:Weather box

Demographics

Template:Pie chart According to the 2011 census, Jalpaiguri had a population of 107,341 people (53,708 male and 53,633 female)[4] while the Metropolitan region had a population of 169,002 people (85,226 males and 83,787 females). The population for children aged 0-6 was 14,522. Effective literacy rate for people aged 7+ was 86.43 per cent.[17] The main languages spoken here are Bengali, Hindi and Nepali. Template:Bar box

Civic administration

Civic administration is the responsibility of the Jalpaiguri Municipality which is the tenth oldest in West Bengal[18] after that of Kolkata,[19] Uttarpara,[20] Shantipur,[21] Howrah,[22] Krishnanagar,[23] Burdwan,[24] Basirhat,[25] Berhampore[26] and Siuri.[27] Set up in 1885, it is headed by a chairman who is elected by the residents of the city. It has 25 wards that elect the ward councillors. The All India Trinamool Congress is in the power of this municipal body. The chairperson of the municipality is Papia Pal.[28]

Economy

Jalpaiguri has its own bank, the Jalpaiguri Central Co-operative Bank, whose head office is located at Temple Street of the city. Founded in 1919, it has more than 20 branches with ATMs spread across the District.[29]

Utility services

The municipality is responsible for providing basic services, such as potable water and sanitation. The water is supplied by the municipal authorities using its groundwater resources, and almost all the houses in the municipal area are connected through the system.[30]

File:Jalpaiguri Circuit Bench of Calcutta High Court 05.jpg
Calcutta High Court Circuit Bench in Jalpaiguri

Tourism

There is one national park and one wildlife sanctuary in Jalpaiguri.

Transport

Rail

Jalpaiguri city region has four important railway stations:-

  1. Jalpaiguri Town is the oldest station in the area.
  2. Jalpaiguri Road was opened in 1944 and is the primarily crucial railway station of the city.
  3. Mohitnagar lies at Mohitnagar in the Haldibari-New Jalpaiguri line.
  4. Raninagar Jalpaiguri Junction is situated at the further western part of the city. The railway station serves Jalpaiguri, Raninagar and other nearby places.

Road

File:Goshala More at Jalpaiguri 06.jpg
Goshala More, Highway connector of Jalpaiguri

The Asian Highway 2 and the National Highway 31D [NH 27 (New Numbering)] passes just through the city connecting it right with the rest of the country.

The Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Central Bus Terminus situated next to the North Bengal State Transport Corporation (NBSTC) Bus Terminal is a major stop for most private and state-owned buses in the region. The Royal Government of Bhutan also operates buses from Jalpaiguri to its border town Jaigaon/ Phuentsholing, Bhutan. Air-conditioned sleeper coach bus service is also available from Jalpaiguri to Kolkata (Banglashree Express).[31]

There are several bus stands[32] in Jalpaiguri:-

  • NBSTC Depot: Government buses are available from here.
  • Kadamtala Bus Terminus: Private buses to Siliguri and Islampur are available from here.
  • Super Bus Stand near the Jalpaiguri railway station – Super (or non-stop) bus services to Siliguri are available from here.
  • Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Private Bus Terminus: Buses to the Dooars region, i.e., Malbazar, Birpara, are available from here.
  • Bowbazaar Bus Stand: Bus services to Haldibari are available from here.

Air

The nearest airport is Bagdogra Airport, Siliguri, which lies 45 km north-west from Jalpaiguri city centre, with regular flights to major cities like Kolkata, New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Guwahati and has international connectivity with Paro and Bangkok.

Education

File:College building side view.jpg
Jalpaiguri Government Engineering College (JGEC) campus

Jalpaiguri's schools are run by the state government or private organisations, many of which are religious. Bengali and English are the primary languages of instruction; Nepali and Hindi are also used.[33][34] Schools in Jalpaiguri follow the "10+2+3" plan. After completing their secondary education, students typically enroll in schools that have a higher secondary facility and are affiliated with the West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education, the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE), or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE).[33] They usually choose a focus on liberal arts, business, or science. Vocational programs are also available.[33] In 2012, the Government proposed a medical college for the suburb of Paharpur.[35]

Colleges include:

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ↑ Jalpaiguri: সিলিংয়ের দিকে তাকাতেই শরীরে হিমস্রোত জলপাইগুড়ির বিডিও কর্মীর! শুয়ে বিরাট এক ……. The Bengali Chronicle(5 July 2022). Retrieved 10 August 2022.
  2. ↑ Official Website of Jalpaiguri. jalpaiguri.gov.in. Retrieved 10 November 2018.
  3. ↑ Official Website of Jalpaiguri. jalpaiguri.gov.in. Retrieved 10 November 2018.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Census2011
  5. ↑ Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above. Census India. Retrieved 10 October 2011.
  6. ↑ Sports Village for Jalpaiguri. aitcofficial.org. Retrieved 5 December 2015. on 22 March 2021
  7. ↑ Biswa Bangla Krirangan in Jalpaiguri. m.telegraphindia.com. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  8. ↑ Census of India, 1991: Jalpaiguri{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Controller, Government Print., West Bengal(1997)
  9. ↑ Matriliny to Patriliny: A Study of the Rabha Society{{#if:Raha|, Raha}. Gian Publishing House(1989)
  10. ↑ রেকর্ড ছাড়াল দুই শহরের তাপমাত্রা. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
  11. ↑ উত্তরবঙ্গ জুড়ে তীব্র তাপদাহ. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
  12. ↑ বাংলায় শৈত্য, ৩.৮ ডিগ্রিতে জলপাইগুড়ি. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  13. ↑ আজ মরশুমের শীতলতম দিন! রাজ্যে জারি শৈত্যপ্রবাহের সতর্কতা, মৃত এক শিশু. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
  14. ↑ Coldest day in Kolkata in 16 years. The Hindu(12 June 2016). Retrieved 11 December 2020.
  15. ↑ February Weather History of Jalpaiguri (42399). Retrieved 11 December 2020.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 Station: Jalpaiguri, Climatological Table 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department(January 2015). Retrieved 9 December 2020.
  17. ↑ Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above. censusindia.gov. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
  18. ↑ Jalpaiguri Municipality. Jalpaiguri Municipality. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
  19. ↑ History of Kolkata Municipal Corporation. Kolkata Municipal Corporation. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
  20. ↑ History of Uttarpara – Uttarpara Municipality. Uttarpara Municipality. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
  21. ↑ About Us – Shantipur Municipality. Shantipur Municipality. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
  22. ↑ About Howrah Municipal Corporation. Howrah Municipal Corporation. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
  23. ↑ About Us – Krishnanagar Municipality. Krishnanagar Municipality. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
  24. ↑ History of Burdwan Municipality. Burdwan Municipality. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
  25. ↑ About Basirhat Municipal Authority. Basirhat Municipality. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
  26. ↑ History of Berhampore Municipality. Berhampore Municipality. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
  27. ↑ Suri Municipality. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  28. ↑ Press Note, Delimitation Commission. Delimitation Commission. Retrieved 18 April 2009.
  29. ↑ The Jalpaiguri Central Cooperative Bank. jalpaiguriccb.com. Retrieved 21 September 2020.
  30. ↑ গরমে শহরবাসীকে বাড়তি পানীয় জল সরবরাহ জলপাইগুড়ি পুরসভার, Guha, Kamal. One India(11 June 2019). Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  31. ↑ Ac Volvo bus will ply in 20 new routes | Kolkata - News18 Bangla, Today's Latest Bengali News. bengali.news18.com(18 July 2018). Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  32. ↑ Bus Services in Jalpaiguri, Jalpaiguri Bus Services. jalpaigurionline.in. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 Annual Report 2007–2008. Department of School Education, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  34. ↑ List of most reputed schools in West Bengal. West Bengal Board of Secondary Education. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  35. ↑ Medical college for Indian cities. The Telegraph(12 July 2012). Retrieved 27 October 2012.
  36. ↑ EILM, Jalpaiguri Campus. EILM. Retrieved 19 February 2026.
  37. ↑ Google Maps. Google Maps. Retrieved 8 August 2018.
  38. ↑ NBDD minister inaugurates multiple projects.
  39. ↑ Could never afford nutritious food required by athlete, Asian gold-medallist Swapna Barman's father. The Indian Express(11 July 2017). Retrieved 17 July 2017.

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