View source for Adan River

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox river
| name               = Adan
| name_native        = अडाण
| name_native_lang   = 
| name_other         = 
| name_etymology     = 
<!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP -->
| image              = Adan India.jpg
| image_size         = 250
| image_caption      = Adan River
| map                = adan_nil.jpg
| map_size           = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = 
| pushpin_map_size   = 
| pushpin_map_caption= 
<!---------------------- LOCATION -->
| subdivision_type1  = Country
| subdivision_name1  = [[India]]
| subdivision_type2  = State
| subdivision_name2  = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_type3  = 
| subdivision_name3  = 
| subdivision_type4  = District
| subdivision_name4  = [[Washim district]]
| subdivision_type5  = City
| subdivision_name5  = [[Karanja Lad]]
<!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS -->
| length             = {{convert|209.21 <ref name = "front of our eyes" />|km|mi|abbr=on}} 
| width_min          = 
| width_avg          = 
| width_max          = 
| depth_min          = 
| depth_avg          = 
| depth_max          = 
| discharge1_location= [[mouth]]
| discharge1_min     = 
| discharge1_avg     = 
| discharge1_max     = 
<!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES -->
| source1            = Karanja Lad, Washim district
| source1_location   = [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
| source1_coordinates= 
| source1_elevation  = 
| mouth              = 
| mouth_location     = 
| mouth_coordinates  = 
| mouth_elevation    = 
| progression        = 
| river_system       = 
| basin_size         = 
| tributaries_left   = [[Arunawati Dam|Arunawati River]]
| tributaries_right  = 
| custom_label       = 
| custom_data        = 
| extra              = 
}}

The '''Adan River''' ({{lang-mr|अडाण नदी}}) is a river in [[Washim district|Washim District]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]] and a principal [[tributary]] of the [[Painganga River]].

==Geography==
The source of the Adan River is in the [[Washim district]] of [[Maharashtra]]. The [[Arunavati River]] meets the Adan River about 13 kilometres before it joins the Painganga River. The river dries up in the summer, leaving only pools towards the end of its course.

Two dams have been built on the Adan; one at its origin near [[Sonala|Sonala village]] and the other near [[Karanja Lad]] city, both in [[Washim district|Washim District]]. The river then flows [[shrubland]].

[[Adan Dam]] was built in 1977 near [[Karanja Lad]], Washim district around 13&nbsp;km from where the Adan River meets the Painanga.<ref name="front of our eyes" />

== Environmental Impact of the Adan Dam ==
In two separate reports on the [[Environmental impact of reservoirs|environmental impact]] of the Adan Dam on the aquatic [[biodiversity]] of the river and the surrounding fishing communities in 2008 and 2012, Dr Nilesh K. Heda reported the following effects:<ref name="front of our eyes">{{Cite web|url=http://sandrp.in/dams/Impacts_of_Adan_Dam_on_Fisheries.PDF|title='How our river changed in front of our eyes': Impacts of Adan Dam on Fisheries in Maharashtra|last=Heda|first=Nilesh|date=2012-08-01|website=South Asia Network on Dams, Rivers and People|access-date=2016-11-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324193634/http://sandrp.in/dams/Impacts_of_Adan_Dam_on_Fisheries.PDF|archive-date=24 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rufford.org/files/07.06.08%20Detailed%20Final%20Report.pdf|title=Conservation of Riverine Resources through People's Participation: North-Eastern Godavari Basin, Maharashtra, India.|last=Heda|first=Nilesh|date=2008-09-18|website=The Rufford Foundation|publisher=Samvardhan Samaj Vikas Sanstha, Karanja (Lad)|access-date=2016-11-13}}</ref>
* Effect on [[Fishing communities in Maharashtra|Fishing Communities]]: The new reservoir has led to large areas of the river becoming inaccessible to local anglers who cannot fish for most of the year due to the low water level. The construction of the dam has led to high levels of [[siltation]] and [[hydrophyte]] growth. These changes have led to the local [[Bhoi]] people having to rely less on their more sustainable, traditional fishing techniques.
* Effect on [[Aquatic ecosystem|Aquatic Ecosystem]]: The diversity and abundance of [[Freshwater fish|fish]] has declined since the construction of the dam. Some species of fish have been completely wiped out from the area of the river about the dam (namely [[eutropiichthys vacha]], [[anguilla bengalensis bengalensis]], [[Barilius|barilius species]], [[tor khudree]], [[tor mussullah]], and [[gonoproktopterus kolus]]). Heda reports that local elders noticed that, as well as fish species, [[otter]]s and [[tortoise]]s had also been wiped out.
{{Clear}}

==Fish of Adan River==
The following species were found to be present in the Adan river by Dr Nilesh Heda:<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Heda|first=Nilesh K|date=2009-10-26|title=Fish diversity studies of two rivers of the northeastern Godavari basin, India|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267935190|journal= Journal of Threatened Taxa|volume=1|issue=10|pages=514–518|doi=10.11609/JoTT.o1764.514-8|issn=0974-7893|doi-access=free}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=12em}}
* [[Acanthocobitis mooreh|Acanthocobitis moreh]] 
* [[Amblypharyngodon mola]]
* [[Indian mottled eel|Anguilla bengalensis bengalensis]] 
* [[Barilius bendelisis]]
* [[Barilius|Other barilius species]]
* [[Elongate glassy perchlet|Chanda nama]] 
* [[Ceylon snakehead|Channa orientalis]] 
* [[Channa punctatus]] 
* [[Channa striatus]] 
* [[Deccan white carp|Cirrhinus fulungee]] 
* [[Giant danio|Danio aequipinnatus]] 
* [[Danio|Other danio species]] 
* [[Garra mullya]]
* [[Tank goby|Glossogobius giuris]] 
* [[Gonoproktopterus kolus]]
* [[Rohu|Labeo rohita]] 
* [[Lepidocephalus thermalis]] 
* [[Macrognathus aral]] 
* [[Tire track eel|Mastacembelus armatus]] 
* [[Mystus bleekeri]] 
* [[Mystus cavasius]] 
* [[Mystus|Other mystus species]]
* [[Nemacheilus|Nemacheilus species]]
* [[Bronze featherback|Notopterus notopterus]]
* [[Ompok bimaculatus]] 
* [[Mozambique tilapia|Oreochromis mossambica]] 
* [[Oreonectes evezardi]]
* [[Osteobrama cotio|Osteobrama cotio peninsularis]] 
* [[Osteobrama vigorsii]] 
* [[Parambassis ranga]] 
* [[Puntius amphibius]] 
* [[Puntius sarana sarana]]
* [[Pool barb|Puntius sophore]] 
* [[Puntius|Other puntius species]]
* [[Ticto barb|Puntius ticto]] 
* [[Slender rasbora|Rasbora daniconius]] 
* [[Rita (fish)|Rita species]] 
* [[Salmostoma horai]] 
* [[Salmostoma novacula]] 
* [[Schistura denisoni denisoni]] 
* [[Thynnichthys sandkhol]] 
* [[Tor khudree]] 
* [[Tor mussulah]] 
* [[Tor tor]] 
* [[Wallago attu]] 
* [[Xenentodon cancila]]
{{div col end}}

==Local People==
The local Bhoi people live in fishing communities on the banks of the river. The Bhoi are traditionally dependent upon the Adan for food and so their traditional way of life is at risk due to depleting fish resources.<ref name="front of our eyes" />[[File:Bhoi.jpg|thumb|243x243px|Bhoi people on the river Adan]]

==See also==
{{portal|Environment|Ecology}}
*[[List of rivers of India]]
*[[List of major rivers of India|Rivers of India]]

{{Wikivoyage|Maharashtra|align=left}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Hydrography of Maharashtra}}
{{fishing history|expanded=villages}}

[[Category:Fishing communities in India]]
[[Category:Rivers of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Tributaries of the Godavari River]]
[[Category:Rivers of India]]