View source for By-elections to the 18th Lok Sabha

By-elections to the [[18th Lok Sabha]] are held to fill [[Casual vacancy|vacancies]] in [[Lok Sabha]], the [[lower house]] of the [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] [[Parliament of India]] between 24 June 2024 and the [[next Indian general election]].

== Condition of by-election<ref name="google22">{{cite book |url=https://indiacode.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/2096/1/a1951-43.pdf |title=The Representation of the People Act, 1951 |access-date=13 December 2019}}</ref> ==
As per the [[Representation of the People Act, 1951|Representation of People Act, 1951]],<ref name="google3">{{cite book |url=https://indiacode.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/2096/1/a1951-43.pdf |title=The Representation of the People Act, 1951 |access-date=13 December 2019}}</ref> a seat in the parliament may fall vacant in the cases of

* death
* resignation
* [[defection]]
* ineligibility to hold office

A by-election is called for a vacant seat shall be called only when the date of vacancy is at least 1 year apart from the date of dissolution of the house.

A by-election is, by law, held within 6 months from the date of vacancy unless the [[Election Commission of India]] finds it impossible to conduct elections, in which case a government approval is required. Elections are also delayed due to unresolved petitions left in the court on validity of last election held.

== By-elections to the 18th Lok Sabha ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Constituency
! rowspan="2" |State/UT
! rowspan="2" |Date of vacancy
! rowspan="2" |Cause of vacancy
! rowspan="2" |Date of election
! colspan="3" |Before
! colspan="3" |After
|-
!Member
! colspan="2" |Party
!Member
! colspan="2" |Party
|-
!1
|[[Wayanad Lok Sabha constituency|Wayanad]]
|[[Kerala]]
|18 June 2024
|[[#Wayanad, Kerala|Resignation]]
|13 November 2024
|[[Rahul Gandhi]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|[[Priyanka Gandhi]]<ref name="November bypoll result">{{Cite web |url=https://news.abplive.com/elections/bypolls-election-results-2024-complete-list-of-winners-constituencies-16-states-1733369 |title=Bypoll Election Result: Complete List Of Winners Across 48 Assembly Seats, 2 Lok Sabha Constituencies |access-date=2025-11-23|date=2024-11-23|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241123142857/https://news.abplive.com/elections/bypolls-election-results-2024-complete-list-of-winners-constituencies-16-states-1733369|archive-date=23 November 2024|website=ABP Live|language=en}}</ref>
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
!2
|[[Nanded Lok Sabha constituency|Nanded]]
|[[Maharashtra]]
|26 August 2024
|[[#Nanded, Maharashtra|Death]]<ref name=":02">{{Cite news |date=2024-08-26 |title=Nanded MP Vasant Chavan passes away at 64 |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/vasant-chavan-death-news-nanded-mp-passes-away-at-64/articleshow/112792396.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2026-02-19 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref>
|20 November 2024
|[[Vasantrao Balwantrao Chavan]]
|[[Ravindra Vasantrao Chavan]]<ref name="November bypoll result" />
|-
!3
|[[Basirhat Lok Sabha constituency|Basirhat]]
|[[West Bengal]]
|25 September 2025
|[[#Basirhat, West Bengal|Death]]<ref name=":12">{{Cite news |date=2024-09-25 |title=TMC Basirhat MP Sk Nurul Islam dies at 61 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/tmc-basirhat-mp-sk-nurul-islam-dies-at-61/articleshow/113665623.cms |access-date=2026-02-19 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
| rowspan="3" |TBD
|[[Haji Nurul Islam]]
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
| rowspan="3" |TBD
|
| rowspan="3" |TBD
|-
!4
|[[Shillong Lok Sabha constituency|Shillong]]
|[[Meghalaya]]
|19 February 2026
|[[#Shillong, Meghalaya|Death]]<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=Bureau |first=The Hindu |date=2026-02-19 |title=Shillong MP Ricky Andrew J. Syngkon passes away |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/meghalaya/shillong-mp-ricky-andrew-j-syngkon-passes-away/article70653220.ece |access-date=2026-03-05 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|[[Ricky AJ Syngkon]]
|{{Full party name with color|Voice of the People Party (Meghalaya)}}
|
|-
!5
|[[Nagaon Lok Sabha constituency|Nagaon]]
|[[Assam]]
|18 March 2026
|[[#Nagaon, Assam|Resignation]]<ref name=":0">{{cite news |title=Assam assembly elections: MP Pradyut Bordoloi quits Congress after 30 years, gets offer from Himanta Biswa Sarma to join BJP |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/pradyut-quits-cong-gets-offer-from-himanta-to-join-bjp/articleshow/129639799.cms |access-date=2026-03-18 |work=Times of India}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite news |title=Pradyut Bordoloi resigns as Nagaon MP, meets Amit Shah; likely to contest assembly polls |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/politics/pradyut-bordoloi-resigns-from-congress-meets-amit-shah-likely-to-contest-assembly-polls20260318182755 |access-date=2026-03-18 |work=ANI}}</ref>
|[[Pradyut Bordoloi]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|
|}

== Cause of vacancies ==

=== [[Wayanad Lok Sabha constituency|Wayanad]], [[Kerala]] ===
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2024 Wayanad by-election
| type = parliamentary
| seats_for_election = [[Wayanad Lok Sabha constituency|Wayanad]] constituency
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = Wayanad Lok Sabha constituency#General elections 2024
| previous_year = 2024
| next_election = 
| next_year = Next
| election_date = 13 November 2024
| map_image = 
| map_size = 
| map_caption = 
| candidate1 = '''[[Priyanka Gandhi]]'''
| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Priyanka Gandhi Vadra (7).jpg|bSize=240|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=80|oTop=20}}
| party1 = Indian National Congress
| popular_vote1 = '''6,22,338'''
| percentage1 = '''64.99%'''
| swing1 = {{increase}} 5.30%
| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Satyan mokeri DSC 0636.resized.JPG|bSize=110|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=0|oTop=0}}
| candidate2 = [[Sathyan Mokeri]]
| party2 = Communist Party of India
| popular_vote2 = 2,11,407
| percentage2 = 22.08%
| swing2 = {{decrease}} 4.01%
| turnout = 64.22% {{decrease}} 9.35%
| title = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]]
| before_election = [[Rahul Gandhi]]
| before_party = Indian National Congress
| after_election = [[Priyanka Gandhi]]
| after_party = Indian National Congress
| country = India
| image3 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Navya Haridas (politician) in 2024.jpg|bSize=240|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=80|oTop=20}}
| candidate3 = Navya Haridas
| party3 = Bharatiya Janata Party
| percentage3 = 11.48
| swing3 = {{decrease}} 1.51%
| popular_vote3 = 1,09,939
}}
As per section 33 (7) of the [[Representation of the People Act, 1951|Representation of People Act, 1951]], a member may contest from 2 constituencies but not represent both of them in the parliament. As [[Rahul Gandhi]] contested elections from [[Rae Bareli Lok Sabha constituency|Raebareli]] as well as [[Wayanad Lok Sabha constituency|Wayanad]], he had to vacate one, which he decided to be Raebareli and hence resigned from Wayanad. Elections were expected to be held alongside other states in August but due to major landslides in the constituency, the elections got delayed till 13 November 2024.
{{Election box begin|title=[[2024 Wayanad by-election]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=[[Priyanka Gandhi]]|party=Indian National Congress|votes=6,22,338|percentage=64.99|change={{increase}} 5.3}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India|candidate=[[Sathyan Mokeri]]|votes=2,11,407|percentage=22.08|change={{decrease}}4.01|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Navya Haridas|votes=1,09,939|percentage=11.48|change={{decrease}}1.51|}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above (India)|candidate=[[None of the above]]|votes=5,406|percentage=0.57|change={{decrease}}0.5}}
{{Election box majority|votes=4,10,931|percentage=42.9|change={{increase}}9.32|}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=9,57,571|percentage=64.22|change={{decrease}}9.35|}}
{{Election box hold with party link|winner=Indian National Congress|loser=Communist Party of India|swing={{increase}} 5.3}}
{{Election box end}}

=== [[Nanded Lok Sabha constituency|Nanded]], [[Maharashtra]] ===
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2024 Nanded by-election
| type = parliamentary
| seats_for_election = [[Nanded Lok Sabha constituency|Nanded]] constituency
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = Nanded Lok Sabha constituency#General elections 2024
| previous_year = 2024
| next_election = 
| next_year = Next
| election_date = 20 November 2024
| map_image = 
| map_size = 
| map_caption = 
| candidate1 = '''[[Ravindra Vasantrao Chavan]]'''
| party1 = Indian National Congress
| popular_vote1 = '''5,86,788'''
| percentage1 = '''44.81%'''
| swing1 = {{decrease}} 2.07%
| candidate2 = [[Santukrao Hambarde|Santukrao Marotrao Hambarde]]
| party2 = Bharatiya Janata Party
| popular_vote2 = 5,85,331
| percentage2 = 44.69%
| swing2 = {{increase}} 3.08%
| turnout = 67.81% {{increase}} 6.88%
| title = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]]
| before_election = [[Vasantrao Balwantrao Chavan]]
| before_party = Indian National Congress
| after_election = [[Ravindra Vasantrao Chavan]]
| after_party = Indian National Congress
| country = India
| candidate3 = Avinash Vishvanath Bhosikar
| party3 = Vanchit Bahujan Aghadi
| percentage3 = 6.12%
| swing3 = {{decrease}} 2.08%
| popular_vote3 = 80,179
}}

As the then representative [[Vasantrao Balwantrao Chavan]] peacefully passed away<ref name=":02" /> of old age, his constituency fell vacant. By-elections were held on 20 November 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Election Commission of India |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultPcByeNov2024/candidateswise-S1316.htm |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20241123165051/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultPcByeNov2024/candidateswise-S1316.htm |archive-date=2024-11-23 |access-date=2026-02-19 |website=results.eci.gov.in |language=en}}</ref>
{{Election box begin|title=2024 Nanded by-election}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=[[Ravindra Vasantrao Chavan]]|party=Indian National Congress|votes=5,86,788|percentage=44.81|change={{decrease}}2.07}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[Santukrao Hambarde|Dr. Santukrao Marotrao Hambarde]]|votes=5,85,331|percentage=44.69|change={{increase}}3.08|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Vanchit Bahujan Aghadi|candidate=Avinash Vishwanath Bhosikar|votes=80,179|percentage=6.12|change={{decrease}}2.08|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=None of the above|votes=2,911|percentage=0.22|change={{decrease}}0.10}}
{{Election box majority|votes=1,457|percentage=0.12|change={{decrease}}5.15|}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=13,09,620|percentage=67.81|change={{increase}}6.88|}}
{{Election box hold with party link|winner=Indian National Congress|loser=|swing={{decrease}}2.07}}
{{Election box end}}

=== [[Basirhat Lok Sabha constituency|Basirhat]], [[West Bengal]] ===
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2026 Basirhat by-election
| type = parliamentary
| seats_for_election = [[Basirhat Lok Sabha constituency|Basirhat]] constituency
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = Basirhat Lok Sabha constituency#General elections 2024
| previous_year = 2024
| election_date = TBA
| title = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]]
| before_election = [[Haji Nurul Islam]]
| before_party = Trinamool Congress
| after_election = TBA
| country = India
}}

[[Haji Nurul Islam]], the then representative of [[Basirhat Lok Sabha constituency|Basirhat Lok Sabha Constituency]], failed to fight cancer which ultimately led to his death on 25 September 2024 at the age of 61.<ref name=":12" /> Due to pending election petition not answered yet by Calcutta High Court, the elections are delayed until High Court either gives a verdict or allows election to take place before the verdict.

=== [[Shillong Lok Sabha constituency|Shillong]], [[Meghalaya]] ===
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2026 Shillong by-election
| type = parliamentary
| seats_for_election = [[Shillong Lok Sabha constituency|Shillong]] constituency
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = Shillong Lok Sabha constituency#General elections 2024
| previous_year = 2024
| election_date = TBA
| title = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]]
| before_election = [[Ricky AJ Syngkon]]
| before_party = Voice of the People Party
| after_election = TBA
| country = India
}}

[[Ricky AJ Syngkon]], the then representative of [[Shillong Lok Sabha constituency|Shillong Lok Sabha Constituency]], passed away on 19 February 2026 at 54 years of age due to suffering a cardiac arrest while playing football at the outskirts of his constituency.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=Bureau |first=The Hindu |date=2026-02-19 |title=Shillong MP Ricky Andrew J. Syngkon passes away |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/meghalaya/shillong-mp-ricky-andrew-j-syngkon-passes-away/article70653220.ece |access-date=2026-03-05 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> By-election must take place no later than 18 August 2026.

=== [[Nagaon Lok Sabha constituency|Nagaon]], [[Assam]] ===
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2026 Nagaon by-election
| type = parliamentary
| seats_for_election = [[Nagaon Lok Sabha constituency|Nagaon]] constituency
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = Nagaon Lok Sabha constituency#General elections 2024
| previous_year = 2024
| election_date = TBA
| title = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]]
| before_election = [[Pradyut Bordoloi]]
| before_party = Indian National Congress
| after_election = TBA
| country = India
}}

[[Pradyut Bordoloi]], the then representative of [[Nagaon Lok Sabha constituency|Nagaon Lok Sabha Constituency]] as a member of [[Indian National Congress]], defected to [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]. To avoid his suspension through [[Anti-defection law (India)|anti-defection law]], he resigned from the Lok Sabha right before his meeting with [[Home Minister (India)|Home Minister]] and senior BJP politician [[Amit Shah]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== References ==
<references responsive="1"></references>
[[Category:Lok Sabha by-elections]]
[[Category:2024 elections in India]]