View source for Delhi-class destroyer

{{short description|Indian class of warships}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2015}}

{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = INS Delhi-1.JPG
| Ship caption = INS ''Delhi'' underway
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
| Name = ''Delhi'' class
| Builders = [[Mazagon Dock Limited]]
| Operators = {{navy|IND}}
| Class before = {{sclass|Rajput|destroyer|4}}
| Class after = {{sclass|Kolkata|destroyer|4}}
| Subclasses = 
| Cost = 
| Built range = 1987–2001
| In service range = 
| In commission range = 1997–present
| Total ships building = 
| Total ships planned = 3
| Total ships completed = 3
| Total ships cancelled = 
| Total ships active = 3
| Total ships laid up = 
| Total ships lost = 
| Total ships retired = 
| Total ships preserved = 
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header = 
| Header caption = 
| Ship type = [[Guided-missile destroyer]]
| Ship displacement = 6,200 tonnes (full)<ref name="in-destroyers">{{cite web |url=http://www.indiannavy.nic.in/naval-fleet/delhi-class |title=IN Ships-Destroyers-Delhi Class |publisher=Indian Navy |access-date=2011-12-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127113140/http://indiannavy.nic.in/naval-fleet/delhi-class |archive-date=27 January 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| Ship length = {{convert|163|m|ft|abbr=on}} <ref name="in-destroyers"/>
| Ship beam = {{convert|17|m|ft|abbr=on}}<ref name="in-destroyers"/>
| Ship height = 
| Ship draught = {{convert|6.5|m|ft|abbr=on}}<ref name="in-destroyers"/>
| Ship draft = 
| Ship power = 
| Ship propulsion = *2 × [[Zorya-Mashproekt]] M36E propulsion plants with DT-59 gas turbines {{convert|82,820|hp|kW|abbr=on}}
* 2 shafts with [[Variable-pitch propeller (marine)|cp props]]<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| Ship speed = {{convert|32|kn}}<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| Ship range = {{convert|4500|mi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|18|kn}}<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| Ship endurance = 
| Ship complement = 350 (incl 40 officers)<ref name="in-destroyers"/>
| Ship sensors = *MR-755 Fregat-MAE E-band air and surface search radar
* BEL RAWL (Signaal LW08) D-band air search radar
* 3 × MR-212/201 I-band navigation radars
* 6 × MR-90 Orekh G-band [[Fire-control radar|fire-control]] radars (FCR)
* MR-184 I/J-band FCR
* 2 × EL/M-2221 FCR (INS Delhi, INS Mysore)
* 2 × MR-123-02 I/J-band FCR (INS Mumbai)
* Granit Garpun B FCR
* BEL HUMVAD hull-mounted sonar (INS Delhi, INS Mysore)
* BEL HUMSA hull-mounted sonar (INS Mumbai)
* Thales Advanced Towed Array Sonar (INS Mumbai)<ref name="jfs-0809"/>
| Ship EW = *BEL Ajanta Mk 2 [[Electronic warfare support measures|ESM]]
* Elettronica TQN-2 jammer
* 2 PK2 chaff launchers
* Towed decoys<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| Ship armament = *16 × [[Kh-35E]] SSM or
*8 × [[BrahMos]]
* 32 × [[Barak]] 1 (INS Delhi, INS Mysore)
* 2 × Shtil SAM systems (48 missiles)
* 100 mm [[AK-100 Naval gun|AK-100]] gun
* 2 × 30 mm AK-630 gatling guns (4 in INS Mumbai)
* 2 × [[RBU-6000]] rocket launchers
* Quintuple 533mm torpedo tubes
* 2 rails of depth charges<ref name="jfs-0809">{{cite book|editor1-last=Saunders|editor1-first=Stephen|editor1-mask=Commodore Stephen Saunders|title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2008–2009|date=2008|publisher=Jane's Information Group|location=Coulsdon|isbn=978-0710628459|page=324|edition=111th|chapter=India}}</ref>
| Ship armour = 
| Ship armor = 
| Ship aircraft = 2 × [[Westland Sea King|Sea King]] Mk 42B helicopters<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| Ship aircraft facilities = 
}}
|}

The '''''Delhi''-class destroyers''' are [[guided-missile destroyer]]s of the [[Indian Navy]]. Three ships of this class are in active service.<ref name=in-destroyers/> The ''Delhi''-class vessels were the largest vessels to be built in India at the time of their commissioning.<ref name="jdw-17sep97">{{cite journal|last1=Bedi|first1=Rahul|title=Indian-built destroyer to be commissioned|journal=Jane's Defence Weekly|date=17 September 1997|publisher=Jane's Information Group|location=Horley|issn=0265-3818}}</ref> The ships were built by [[Mazagon Dock Limited]] (MDL) at a cost of {{INRConvert|750|c|lk=on|year=1999}} each.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bedi|first1=Rahul|title=Mixed fortunes for India's defense industrial revolution|journal=Jane's International Defense Review|date=1 May 1999|volume=32|issue=5|location=Coulsdon|issn=1476-2129}}</ref>

==Development==
The design and development of the ship class began as "Project 15" in 1980. Initially, the ships were planned to be follow-on frigates of the {{sclass|Godavari|frigate|4}} with the addition of [[RBU-6000]] [[Anti-submarine warfare|ASW]] rocket launchers and gas turbine propulsion. A Soviet offer in 1983 for reversible gas turbines and modern weapon systems forced a redesign of the ships from 3,500 tonne frigates to 6,300 tonne destroyers.<ref name="hiranandani2">{{cite book|last1=Hiranandani|first1=G. M.|title=Transition to eminence: The Indian Navy 1976–1990|date=2009|publisher=Lancer|location=Delhi|pages=50–51|isbn=9788170622666|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1WxI9TlAxIQC&pg=PA50}}</ref> Directorate of Naval Design completed the design around the mid 1980s.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hiranandani|first1=G. M.|title=Transition to Guardianship: The Indian Navy 1991–2000|publisher=Lancer Publishers LLC|isbn=9781935501664|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w2snz5Cfb0gC&pg=RA2-PT183|language=en}}</ref> Model tests were carried out at SSPA, Sweden in 1985 and parallelly at Krylov Institute, [[Soviet Union]] in 1986. [[Severnoye Design Bureau]] provided design inputs for weapons and propulsion packages. The mutual interface suppression system for electromagnetic compatibility was supplied by the Soviets.<ref name="hiranandani2"/> The break-up of Soviet Union affected the supply of weapon systems, contributing to a three-year delay in the construction of vessels.<ref name="jdw-17sep97"/>

==Design and description==

''Delhi'' class has been described as a stretched {{sclass|Rajput|destroyer|4}} with some elements incorporated from ''Godavari''-class frigates and {{sclass|Sovremennyy|destroyer|2}}s.<ref name="jfs-0405"/><ref name="miltech-nov04">{{cite journal|last=Annati|first=Massimo|date=November 2004|volume=28|issue=11|title=The Asian DDG Race|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/199087688|journal=Military Technology|url-access=subscription|pages=31–39|location=Bonne|publisher=Mönch Publishing Group|issn=0722-3226|oclc=137343253|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> The fore [[Funnel (ship)|funnel]] is placed on the port side, while the aft funnel is placed on the starboard.<ref name="jfs-0405"/> The propulsion system consists of two [[Zorya-Mashproekt]] M36E gas turbine plants driving two [[Variable-pitch propeller (marine)|controllable-pitch propellers]]. Each gas turbine plant comprises two DT-59 reversible gas turbines connected to an RG-54 gearbox in a [[combined gas and gas]] system and is placed in a separate engine room.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/> The vessels are equipped for operation in a [[nuclear, biological and chemical warfare]] environment.<ref name="jdw-17sep97"/> ''Delhi''-class vessels are fitted with flag facilities, enabling them to act as command unit in task groups.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/> {{INS|Mysore|D60|6}} features better air conditioning facilities to correct heat dissipation issues encountered while operationalising {{INS|Delhi|D61|6}}.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Indian destroyer set for commission |journal=Jane's International Defense Review |date=1 April 1999 |volume=32 |issue=4 |publisher=Jane's Information Group |location=Coulsdon |issn=1476-2129}}</ref>

===Armament===

For air defence role, ''Delhi'' class is fitted with [[Buk missile system#Naval Versions|9K-90 ''Uragan'']] (NATO: SA-N-7 Gadfly) [[Anti-aircraft warfare|air-defence]] system comprising a pair of 3S-90 single-arm launchers and [[Buk missile system#9М38 and 9М38M1 missile|9M38M1 ''Shtil'']] missiles. One launcher is installed forward of the bridge and the other atop the dual helicopter hangar. Each launcher carries a 24 missile magazine for a total of 48 rounds. The missiles have {{convert|35|–|40|km}} range and feature [[semi-active radar homing]]. MR-775 Fregat-MAE ([[NATO reporting name|NATO]]: Half Plate) radar provides target designation and six MR-90/3R-90 ''Orekh'' (NATO: Front Dome) illuminators are used for fire control.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/><ref name="seaforth-2011"/> The system can track twelve targets and engage a maximum of six tracked targets simultaneously.<ref name="miltech-sep98">{{cite journal|last=Khan|first=M A|date=September 1998|volume=22|issue=9|title=DELHI and beyond|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/199041413|journal=Military Technology|url-access=subscription|pages=68–70|location=Bonne|publisher=Mönch Publishing Group|issn=0722-3226|oclc=137343253|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Last-ditch missile defence is provided by [[AK-630]]-based [[close-in weapon system]], while ''Delhi'' and ''Mysore'' have been upgraded with an additional IAI/Rafael [[Barak 1]] [[point defence]] missile system. ''Mumbai'' has four [[AK-630]] rotary cannons surrounding the aft mast, which are guided by two MR-123-02 (NATO: Bass Tilt) fire-control radars. In ''Delhi'' and ''Mysore'', the two AK-630 mounts ahead of the aft mast have each been replaced by pair of eight-cell Barak 1 vertical launch systems, for a total of 32 missiles. The missiles have a range of {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}} and use [[Command guidance#Command to Line-Of-Sight (CLOS)|command line-of-sight guidance]] provided by a pair of EL/M-2221 fire-control radars that replace MR-123-02 fire-control radars on upgraded ships. A Signaal LW08 radar license produced by [[Bharat Electronics Limited|BEL]] as RAWL provides long range air search capability.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/>

The surface missile battery of ''Delhi'' class includes 16 [[Kh-35|Kh-35E ''Uran'']] missiles placed in four quadruple sloped launchers. The missiles feature [[active radar homing]] and are guided by a Granit Garpun B (NATO: Plank Shave) fire-control radar. They have a maximum range of {{convert|130|km}} and are capable of [[sea skimming]].<ref name="jfs-0405"/> The missile battery was initially intended to be eight [[P-270 Moskit|3M80E ''Moskit'']] cruise missiles as evidenced by large blast deflectors present on the lead ship, INS ''Delhi''. A single [[AK-100 (naval gun)|AK-100]] gun guided by MR-184/MR-145 fire-control system (NATO: Kite Screech), which comprises T-91E radar and Kondensor electro-optical sights, is also fitted.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/><ref name="seaforth-2011">{{cite book |last1=Mazumdar |first1=Mrityunjoy |editor1-last=Waters |editor1-first=Conrad |title=Seaforth World Naval Review 2011 |date=2010 |publisher=Seaforth |location=Barnsley |isbn=1848320752 |pages=102–119}}</ref>

{{multiple image|perrow=2/2|total_width=360|caption_align=center
|align = left
|image_style = border:none;
|background color =
| title =
| image1 = D61 INS Delhi Fregat-MAE 3D Radar Vladivostok.jpg
| image2 = D61 INS Delhi RALW Early Warning Radar Vladivostok 2011-04-19.jpg
| image3=  D61 INS Delhi 3S-90 Aft Launcher (Shtil AAW) Vladivostok 2011-04-19.jpg
| image4 = D61 INS Delhi RBU-6000 ASW Launcher Vladivostok 2011-04-19.jpg
| footer = {{font|size=110%|font=Sans-serif|text=Weapons and sensors fitment on Delhi-class.<br />(top) Fregat-MAE E-band radar, [[Bharat Electronics|BEL]] RAWL LW08, [[Buk missile system|Shitil-1]] SAM system, [[Larsen & Toubro|L&T]] [[RBU-6000]] ASW rocket launcher.}}
}}

A quintuple {{convert|21|in|mm|adj=on|order=flip|0}} trainable torpedo launcher capable of firing SET 65E active/passive homing torpedo and [[Type 53 torpedo|Type 53–65]] wake homing torpedo is placed in between the funnels.<ref>{{cite web|title=MDL's Major Programmes – SP's Naval Forces|url=http://www.spsnavalforces.com/story/?id=278|website=SP's Naval Forces|publisher=SP Guide Publications|language=en|date=September 2013}}</ref><ref name="jfs-0405"/> A pair of 12-tubed RBU-6000 213mm anti-submarine rocket launchers fitted in front of the bridge can engage submarines up to a range of {{convert|6|km|abbr=on}}.<ref name="miltech-sep98"/><ref name="jfs-0405"/> Detection is provided by BEL HUMVAD, an indigenous hull-mounted sonar with a variable depth transducer that offers better performance in the waters around India.<ref name="miltech-sep98"/> An Indal Model 15-750 handling system manufactured by [[GRSE]] is used to deploy the variable depth sonar of HUMVAD.<ref name="jni-1sep97">{{cite magazine|date=1 September 1997|title=India {{!}} First Project 15 set to commission|magazine=Jane's Navy International|location=Coulsdon|publisher=Jane's Information Group|issn=1358-3719}}</ref> The final ship of the class, {{INS|Mumbai}}, is fitted with an improved ASW suite consisting of BEL HUMSA hull-mounted sonar and Thales ATAS towed array sonar.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/>

The electronic warfare suite originally consisted of BEL Ajanta Mk 2 for [[electronic support measures]], Elettronica TQN-2 jammer and two PK-2 chaff launchers of Russian origin.<ref name="jfs-0405"/> The Ajanta Mk 2 system was later<!--Date is not provided in the source--> replaced by Ellora, which has an additional capability to provide [[electronic countermeasures]].<ref name="seaforth-2011"/> BEL Shikari combat display and management system, a derivative of Italian IPN-10, integrates weapon systems of diverse origin.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/> Each vessel can carry two [[Westland Sea King]] Mk 42B helicopters. The helicopters carry a surface search radar, a dipping sonar, [[A244-S]] lightweight torpedoes and [[Sea Eagle (missile)|Sea Eagle]] anti-ship missiles.<ref name="miltech-sep98"/> Samahé helicopter handling system is fitted on all vessels.<ref name="jfs-0405"/>

===Modernisation===

As of April 2022, ''Mumbai'' is undergoing a mid-life refit that includes upgrades for several weapons and sensors. The Kh-35E ''Uran'' missiles will be replaced by BrahMos missiles, which was originally sanctioned in 2015 for two ships of this class. The Shtil-1 air defence system will replace the 9K-90 ''Uragan'', with Fregat M2EM radar replacing the Fregat-MAE. The Kite Screech fire control system of the AK-100 is being replaced by BEL Lynx U2. The electronics warfare system will be upgraded to Ellora Mk II, with [[Kavach (anti-missile system)|Kavach]] decoy launchers.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mazumdar |first1=Mrityunjoy |title=Details emerge on INS Mumbai upgrade |url=https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/naval-warfare/details-emerge-ins-mumbai-upgrade/ |website=Shephard |access-date=17 April 2022 |language=en |date=29 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Nod to new aircraft carrier, BrahMos missiles for six ships|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/nod-to-new-aircraft-carrier-brahmos-missiles-for-six-ships-115051301785_1.html|work=Business Standard|agency=IANS|date=13 May 2015}}</ref> Atlas Elektronik ACTAS towed-array sonar will be installed on all three ships.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Shukla|first1=Ajai|title=Sonar contract provides major boost to navy|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/sonar-contract-provides-major-boost-to-navy-114112500024_1.html|work=Business Standard|date=25 November 2014|location=New Delhi}}</ref>
[[INS Delhi (D61)]] is back in service after receiving its upgrades, recently BrahMos missile was tested from its new sloped Launchers.

===Relocation===

The ''Delhi''-class destroyers will be re-based to the [[Eastern Naval Command]], [[Visakhapatnam]]. Along with {{sclass|Nilgiri|frigate|4||2019}}, these will form a part of the carrier battle group of {{INS|Vikrant|2013|2}}. {{INS|Mysore|D60|2}} had reached its new base by December 2021 and was undergoing refit.<ref name="delh-rebase">{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/eastern-fleet-will-have-carrier-battle-group-vice-admiral/article37833874.ece|title=Eastern Fleet will have Carrier Battle Group: Vice Admiral|first=Sumit|last=Bhattacharjee|publisher=The Hindu|date=2021-12-04}}</ref>

==Ships of the class==
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Name
!Pennant
!Builder
!Laid Down
!Launched
!Commissioned
!Homeport
!Status
|-
| {{INS|Delhi|D61|2}}
| D61
| rowspan=4|[[Mazagon Dock Limited]]
| 14 November 1987
| 1 February 1991
| 15 November 1997<ref name="jfs-0405">{{cite book|editor1-last=Saunders|editor1-first=Stephen|editor1-mask=Commodore Stephen Saunders|title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2004–2005|date=2004|publisher=Jane's Information Group|location=Coulsdon|isbn=978-0710626233|page=308|edition=107th|chapter=India}}</ref>
| [[Mumbai]]
| rowspan="4" | Active
|-
| rowspan='2'|{{INS|Mysore|D60|2}}
| rowspan='2'|D60
| rowspan='2'|2 February 1991
| rowspan='2'|4 June 1993
| rowspan='2'|2 June 1999<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| [[Mumbai]] (erstwhile) 
|-
|[[Visakhapatnam]]
|-
| {{INS|Mumbai|D62|2}}
| D62
| 14 December 1992
| 20 March 1995
| 22 January 2001<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| [[Mumbai]]
|}

==Gallery==

{{Gallery
|width=160 | height=170
|File:INS Delhi.jpg
 |{{INS|Delhi|D61|2}} during Defence of Gujarat in 2013.
|File:INS Delhi-2.jpg
 |{{INS|Delhi|D61|2}} departing Portsmouth Naval Base, UK, 2009.
|File:INS Delhi (D61) docked using the shiplift system at Naval Ship Repair Yard at INS Kadamba (Karwar).jpg
 |{{INS|Delhi|D61|2}} docked using the shiplift system at Naval Ship Repair Yard at [[INS Kadamba]] (Karwar).
|File:INS Mysore D60 India.jpg
 |{{INS|Mysore|D60|2}} and [[USS Fitzgerald]] transit in formation during Malabar.
|File:IMDEX 2007 Mysore (523759313).jpg
 |{{INS|Mysore|D60|2}} during IMDEX 2007.
|File:INS Mumbai (D62) along with an Il-38 underway during Narendra Modi's visit.jpg
 |{{INS|Mumbai|D62|2}} along with an [[Ilyushin Il-38|Il-38]] during an exercise.
|File:INS Mumbai enters Port of Duqm in Oman.jpg
 |{{INS|Mumbai|D62|2}} enters [[Al Duqm Port & Drydock|Port of Duqm]] in [[Oman]].
}}

==See also==
* [[List of active Indian Navy ships]]
* [[List of destroyers of India]]
* [[List of naval ship classes in service]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Ships/Active/182-Delhi-Class.html Delhi Class Destroyer – Bharat Rakshak]
* [https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/d-delhi.htm GlobalSecurity page on the ''Delhi'' class]

{{Destroyers of the Indian Navy}}
{{Ship classes of the Indian Navy}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Delhi-class destroyer}}
[[Category:Destroyer classes]]
[[Category:Delhi-class destroyers| ]]
[[Category:Destroyers of the Indian Navy]]
[[Category:Ships built in India]]