View source for Harjinder Singh Jinda

{{Short description|Indian assassin (1961-1992)}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}

{{Infobox criminal
| name              = Harjinder Singh Jinda
| native_name       = 
| caption           = 
| birth_date        = {{birth date|df=yes|1961|04|04}}
| death_date        = 9 October 1992<br>
(aged 31)
| birth_place       = Village Gadli, [[Amritsar]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], India
| death_place       = [[Pune]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| death_cause       = [[Execution by hanging]]
| occupation        = 
| employer          = 
| criminal_penalty  = [[Capital punishment in India|Death]]
| spouse            = 
| parents           = 
| conviction        = [[Arun Shridhar Vaidya|Assassination of Arun Shridhar Vaidya]]
| conviction_status = [[Executed]]
| image             = Photograph of Harjinder Singh Jinda, former member of the Khalistan Commando Force.jpg
| height_ft         = 5
| height_in         = 7
| movement          = [[Khalistan Movement]]
| organization      = [[Khalistan Commando Force]]
}}
'''Harjinder Singh Jinda''' (4 April 1961 – 9 October 1992) was a [[Sikhs|Sikh]] and one of the two assassins of an [[Indian Army]] general [[Arun Vaidya]]. He was responsible for three high-profile assassinations: [[Assassination of Arjun Dass|Arjan Dass]], [[Lalit Maken]] and Gen. Vaidya. He also was involved in an attempted assassination of [[Director general of police|DGP]] [[Julio Ribeiro (police officer)|Julio Ribeiro]]. He along with other members of [[Khalistan Commando Force]] participated in Indian history's biggest bank robbery of {{INRConvert|57|m|year=1987}}, from [[Punjab National Bank]], Miller Gunj branch, [[Ludhiana]]<ref name="tribuneindia.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20081010/punjab1.htm#11 |title=SGPC honours kin of Vaidya's assassins |publisher=Tribuneindia.com |date=9 October 2008}}</ref> to finance the [[Insurgency in Punjab|Khaadkoo Lehar]] for a separate Sikh state of [[Khalistan]].<ref name="pqasb.pqarchiver.com">{{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/58240583.html?dids=58240583%3A58240583&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS%3AFT&date=Feb+13%2C+1987&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=Sikh+Separatists+Masquerade+as+Police+to+Stage+India%27s+Biggest+Bank+Robbery&pqatl=google|title=Sikh Separatists Masquerade as Police to Stage India's Biggest Bank Robbery|work=Los Angeles Times|date=13 February 1987|access-date=9 October 2019|archive-date=17 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617201712/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/58240583.html?dids=58240583%3A58240583&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS%3AFT&date=Feb+13%2C+1987&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=Sikh+Separatists+Masquerade+as+Police+to+Stage+India%27s+Biggest+Bank+Robbery&pqatl=google|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="highbeam.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3810376.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021140733/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3810376.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 October 2012 |title=Sikhs rob India bank of $4.5 million |publisher=Chicago Sun-Times|date=13 February 1987|via=Highbeam.com |access-date=2013-11-07}}</ref>

==Early life==
Jinda was born on 4 April 1962 in village of Gadli,<ref name="books.google.com">{{cite book|title=India Today|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oC0KAQAAIAAJ|year=1986|publisher=Living Media India Pvt. Limited}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20051010/punjab1.htm#16 |title=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India – Punjab |publisher=Tribuneindia.com |date=18 October 2005}}</ref> in district [[Amritsar]], to a [[Jat Sikh]] farmer family of Gulzar Singh and Gurnam Kaur.<ref name="canada.com">{{cite web |last=Vancouver Sun |first=The |url=http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=0100d9dd-ce74-4f2c-8eec-66bcc317c4eb |title=Mother of assassin to be honoured in Sikh ceremony ceremony |publisher=Canada.com |date=6 October 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106220318/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=0100d9dd-ce74-4f2c-8eec-66bcc317c4eb |archive-date=6 November 2012}}</ref><ref name="sikhsiyasat.com">[http://www.sikhsiyasat.com/saheedysmagm.html] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090522022525/http://www.sikhsiyasat.com/saheedysmagm.html|date=22 May 2009}}</ref> After completing his early education, he enrolled in [[Khalsa College, Amritsar]].<ref name="damdamitaksaal.org"/><ref name="books.google.com"/><ref name="Kumar1997">{{cite book|author=Ram Narayan Kumar|title=The Sikh unrest and the Indian state: politics, personalities, and historical retrospective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WD9uAAAAMAAJ|year=1997|publisher=Ajanta|isbn=978-81-202-0453-9}}</ref>

Jinda had three siblings, Nirbhail Singh, Bhupinder Singh and Balvinder Kaur. One of his other nephew, Surjit Singh Penta had committed suicide by consuming cyanide during [[Operation Black Thunder]].<ref name="PuriJudge1999">{{cite book|author1=Harish K. Puri|author2=Paramjit S. Judge|author3=Jagrup Singh Sekhon|title=Terrorism in Punjab: understanding grassroots reality|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4yduAAAAMAAJ|year=1999|publisher=Har-Anand Publications|isbn=9788124106198 }}</ref><ref name="Nayyar2003">{{cite book|author=Kewal Krishan Nayyar|title=Pakistan at the crossroads|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1RNuAAAAMAAJ|year=2003|publisher=Rupa & Co.|isbn=9788129102270 }}</ref><ref name="BhushanKatyal2002">{{cite book|author1=K. Bhushan|author2=G. Katyal|title=Attack on Parliament: Challenges Before the Nation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tT9lCgSpGIkC&pg=PA43|year=2002|publisher=APH Publishing|isbn=978-81-7648-331-5|page=43}}</ref><ref name="tribuneindia.com"/><ref name="damdamitaksaal.org">{{cite web |url=http://damdamitaksaal.org/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=36 |title=Letter's of Bhai Harjinder Singh 'Jinda' and Bhai Sukhdev Singh 'Sukha' |publisher=Damdamitaksaal.org |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725215300/http://damdamitaksaal.org/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=36 |archive-date=25 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20080103/punjab1.htm#16 |title=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India – Punjab |publisher=Tribuneindia.com }}</ref><ref name="sikhsiyasat.com"/><ref name="canada.com"/>

==Participation in the Khalistan movement==
In 1983 Jinda was first arrested over an attack on a police officer. Jinda was interrogated and released after a long time. He was completing his [[Bachelor of Fine Arts]], when [[Operation Blue Star]] occurred. This incident motivated him to leave his studies and join the [[Khalistan movement|Khalistan separatist movement]] afterwards.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Grewal |first=Manraj |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iH5uAAAAMAAJ |title=Dreams After Darkness: A Search for the Life Ordinary Under the Shadow of 1984 |date=2004 |publisher=Rupa & Company |isbn=978-81-291-0479-3 |pages=66 |language=en}}</ref>

=== Delhi bank robberies ===
While living in Delhi, Jinda formed a robbery gang consisting of him, Baljinder Singh, Sukhvinder Singh, and Harvinder Singh. On 4 March 1985 they robbed the [[Union Bank of India]] in Anand Niketan, [[Delhi]]. {{INRConvert|45|k|year=1985}} were robbed. Jinda also aided in the planning of a robbery at the [[State Bank of India]] in [[Greater Kailash]], [[Delhi]]. The robbery was done by Sukhdev Singh Sukha on March 15 of 1985 at 7:15&nbsp;p.m. Over {{INRConvert|400|k|year=1985}} rupees were looted.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sabha |first=India Parliament Rajya |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Ck3AAAAIAAJ&dq=march+1985+bank+robbery+delhi+robbery&pg=PA173 |title=Parliamentary Debates: Official Report |date=1906 |publisher=Council of States Secretariat |pages=173 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Kanth |first=Amod K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7PYMEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22sikh%22+'rob%22+%22bank%22&pg=PT144 |title=Khaki in Dust Storm: Communal Colours and Political Assassinations (1980–1991) Police Diaries Book 1 |date=2020-12-18 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-93-88630-89-4 |language=en}}</ref>

===Assassination of Lalit Maken===
Jinda and [[Sukhdev Singh Sukha]] assassinated [[Congress(I)]] [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] [[Lalit Maken]] on 31 July 1985,<ref name="tribuneindia.com"/> when he was moving towards his car parked across the road from his house in Kirti Nagar, Delhi. The three assailants continued firing even as Maken ran towards his house for cover. Maken's wife Geetanjali and a visitor, Balkishan, were also caught in the firing and died.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Congress(I) MP Lalit Maken, wife shot dead by unidentified assailants in Delhi |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19850815-congressi-mp-lalit-maken-wife-shot-dead-by-unidentified-assailants-in-delhi-801891-2014-01-01 |access-date=2023-06-01 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> The assailants escaped on their scooters. Lalit Maken was considered to be involved in the killings of Sikhs during the [[1984 Anti-Sikh riots]]. In a 31-page booklet titled '[[Who Are The Guilty]]', [[People's Union for Civil Liberties]] (PUCL) listed 227 people who led the mobs, which killed up to 18,000 Sikhs over three days. Lalit Maken's name was third on the list.<ref>{{cite web |title= A Life sentence - A Sessions Court in Delhi sentences Ranjit Singh Gill, accused in the murder of Congress(I) MP Lalit Maken, to life imprisonment |url= http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/fline/fl2007/stories/20030411002004500.htm |access-date=19 February 2016 |url-status=usurped |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110429183514/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/fline/fl2007/stories/20030411002004500.htm |archive-date= 29 April 2011}}</ref> A press report has indicated that someone named Bakshish Singh was also involved along with Jinda in this assassination.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/orlandosentinel/access/91828560.html?dids=91828560:91828560&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Sep+22%2C+1985&author=United+Press+International&pub=Orlando+Sentinel&desc=POLICE+IN+INDIA+ARREST+100+DURING+HUNT+FOR+ASSASSINS&pqatl=google |title=Orlando Sentinel – Orlando, Fla |publisher=Pqasb.pqarchiver.com |date=22 September 1985 |access-date=6 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617223847/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/orlandosentinel/access/91828560.html?dids=91828560:91828560&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Sep+22%2C+1985&author=United+Press+International&pub=Orlando+Sentinel&desc=POLICE+IN+INDIA+ARREST+100+DURING+HUNT+FOR+ASSASSINS&pqatl=google |archive-date=17 June 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
Ranjit Singh "Gill" was arrested by Interpol in New Jersey, USA on 14 May 1987, a federal magistrate approved his extradition on 6 February 1988<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/06/nyregion/metro-dateline-extradition-of-sikh-is-approved-in-jersey.html |title=METRO DATELINE; Extradition of Sikh Is Approved in Jersey|work=[[The New York Times]] |date=6 February 1988}}</ref> and he was deported back to India in February 2000 after lengthy legal cases and was sentenced to life imprisonment on 24 February 2003. Finally his life sentence was commuted on 20 May 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2009/20090521/punjab.htm#11 |title=Kukki's sentence commuted |author=Sanjeev Singh Bariana |publisher=Tribuneindia.com |date=20 May 2009}}</ref>

=== Attempted assassination of Rajiv Gandhi and Zail Singh ===
Harjinder Singh Jinda revealed in interrogation that immediately after killing [[Lalit Maken]] he took position outside of a hospital anticipating [[Rajiv Gandhi]] and [[Zail Singh]] to visit. He planned to kill them both. He was unable to get a shot because of a large crowd.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Jain Commission - Threats to Rajiv Gandhi - Chapter 1 Sections 1&2 |url=https://tamilnation.org/intframe/india/jaincommission/threats_to_rajiv/ch1sec1.html |access-date=2023-06-01 |website=tamilnation.org}}</ref>

=== Assassination of Arjan Dass ===
{{Main|Assassination of Arjun Dass}}
[[Congress (I)]] leader, member of [[Delhi Metropolitan Council]], and close associate of [[Sanjay Gandhi]], Arjun Dass was assassinated on 5 September 1985<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-R8yAAAAIBAJ&pg=1122,1500168&dq=dass+rajiv+sikh&hl=en |title=Sikh gunmen kill friend of Gandhi; cabinet holds emergency meeting|work=Montreal Gazette|date=5 September 1985 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x2MUAAAAIBAJ&pg=3046,2172530&dq=dass+rajiv+sikh&hl=en |title=Sydney Morning Herald |date=1 September 1985 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{failed verification|date=February 2018}}</ref> by Jinda,<ref name="books.google.com" /> [[Sukhdev Singh Sukha|Sukha]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2007/stories/20030411002004500.htm |title=Welcome to Frontline : Vol. 28 :: No. 26 |publisher=Hinduonnet.com |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100302120102/http://hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2007/stories/20030411002004500.htm |archive-date=2 March 2010}}</ref> using [[sten]]guns because of his involvement in [[1984 Anti-Sikh riots]]. His plain clothed bodyguard, a Constable, was also killed. 5 others were wounded. Jinda and Sukha left the scene shouting, “Long live Khalistan”.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Roy |first=Nilova |date=1985-09-05 |title=Ally of Indian Premier Assassinated |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1985/09/05/ally-of-indian-premier-assassinated/6c57e794-b2a2-4fdb-8ca0-6fa8e0b79944/ |access-date=2023-06-01 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tempest |first=Rone |date=1985-09-05 |title=Gandhi Friend Slain; Sikhs Are Suspected : Victim a New Delhi Councilman; Three Gunmen Make Attack |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-09-05-mn-24742-story.html |access-date=2023-06-01 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Arjan Dass's name appeared in various affidavits submitted by Sikh victims to [[Nanavati Commission]] which was headed by [[G.T. Nanavati]], retired Judge of the [[Supreme Court of India]].<ref>[http://www.mha.nic.in/Nanavati-I.pdf] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060511230458/http://www.mha.nic.in/Nanavati-I.pdf|date=11 May 2006}}</ref> He was also identified among organisers of the carnage.<ref>{{cite web|author=Irfan |url=http://www.sabrang.com/cc/archive/2009/nov09/cover5.html |title=CC October 2009 |publisher=Sabrang.com }}</ref> Arjun Dass was a close friend of [[Prime Minister of India]] Rajiv Gandhi.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=hlwxAAAAIBAJ&pg=5796,1495569&dq=dass+rajiv+sikh&hl=en |title= Congress politician is slain by 3 gunmen |publisher=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|via=News.google.com |date=5 September 1985}}</ref>

=== Arrest and escape ===
On 16 January 1986, Jinda was arrested by [[Delhi Police]]. He was arrested over a theft of a car, but soon connected with a bank robbery in [[Ahmedabad]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Grewal |first=Manraj |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iH5uAAAAMAAJ |title=Dreams After Darkness: A Search for the Life Ordinary Under the Shadow of 1984 |date=2004 |publisher=Rupa & Company |isbn=978-81-291-0479-3 |pages=78, 80 |language=en}}</ref> Police at the time did not know of Jinda’s previous crimes. After an initial interrogation police realised that he was a high profile militant, but still did not know what crimes he had committed. He was suspected of bank robberies. He was interrogated after by [[Ved Marwah]] at the Crime Branch Interrogation Centre. After this he was transferred to [[Gujarat]] and the case was taken over by [[Gujarat Police]]. He escaped at [[Ahmedabad]] while being transported to court from jail.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Marwah |first=Ved |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V4UiAQAAMAAJ |title=Uncivil Wars: Pathology of Terrorism in India |date=1997 |publisher=HarperCollins |isbn=978-81-7223-251-1 |pages=16 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Kanth |first=Amod K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7PYMEAAAQBAJ&dq=harjinder+singh+jinda+gujarat&pg=PT140 |title=Khaki in Dust Storm: Communal Colours and Political Assassinations (1980–1991) Police Diaries Book 1 |date=2020-12-18 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-93-88630-89-4 |language=en}}</ref> He is said to have, “…literally walked out of police custody…”.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pak-trained Sikh terrorist Jinda continue to embarrass police forces, CBI |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19860531-pak-trained-sikh-terrorist-jinda-continue-to-embarrass-police-forces-cbi-800897-1986-05-30 |access-date=2023-05-10 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

=== Jalandhar bank robbery ===
According to Harjinder Singh Jinda after [[Labh Singh]] was broken free they both met each other in Jalandhar along with [[Manbir Singh Chaheru]]. By this time Jinda was part of [[Khalistan Commando Force]]. Chaheru had told them that they were in urgent need of money. Labh Singh and Jinda told Chaheru that they would get the cash in a week. They began to scout banks in Jalandhar and selected one to rob. 3 days later at 11 in the morning Labh Singh, Jinda, and others robbed the bank of {{INRConvert|1.25|m|year=1986}}<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=Jail Chithiyan. Bhai Harjinder Singh Jinda Ate Bhai Sukhdev Singh Sukha (Singhs of Keysborough) {{!}} PDF {{!}} South Asia {{!}} Punjab |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/180460421/jail-chithiyan-bhai-harjinder-singh-jinda-ate-bhai-sukhdev-singh-sukha-singhs-of-keysborough |access-date=2023-06-01 |website=Scribd |language=en |archive-date=1 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601050620/https://www.scribd.com/document/180460421/jail-chithiyan-bhai-harjinder-singh-jinda-ate-bhai-sukhdev-singh-sukha-singhs-of-keysborough |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Asi Attwadi Nahi by Jinda Sukha {{!}} PDF |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/242281164/Asi-Attwadi-Nahi-by-Jinda-Sukha |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=Scribd |language=en}}</ref>

===Assassination of General Vaidya===
In 1984, General [[Arun Vaidya]] had planned and supervised<ref>{{cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A0DE3DD1F3EF934A2575BC0A960948260&n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FSubjects%2FS%2FSikhs%20(Sect) |title=IN BRIEF; Indian General Who Raided Temple Is Slain |work=The New York Times |date=17 August 1986}}</ref> [[Operation Blue Star]], a controversial military operation ordered by [[Indira Gandhi]], then [[Prime Minister of India]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2004/jun/03spec.htm |title=Operation Bluestar, 20 Years On |work=Rediff.com}}</ref> in order to flush out a group of heavily armed Sikh militants in June 1984 at the [[Harmandir Sahib|Golden Temple]], the holiest shrine of the Sikhs.

Vaidya had moved to [[Pune]] after his retirement from the army. On 10 August 1986, General [[Arun Vaidya]] was shot to death by Jinda and [[Sukhdev Singh Sukha|Sukha]] while he was driving his car home from the market.<ref name="shrineleaderkilled">[[Associated Press]]. "Shrine Leader Killed in Ambush", ''[[The Dallas Morning News]]'', 11 August 1986.</ref> According to the police, the assailants pulled up next to his car on motor scooters and fired eight or nine shots into the car.<ref name="topgeneralassasinated">Weisman, Steven R. "A Top Indian General is Assassinated", ''[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]]'', 11 August 1986.</ref> Vaidya reportedly died instantly of head and neck wounds. His wife, who was also in the car, was wounded by four bullets in her back and thighs.<ref name="sikhskillexarmycheif">Sun-Times Wires. "Sikhs kill ex-army chief, massacre revenge hinted", ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]'', 11 August 1986.</ref> According to Indian intelligence sources, Vaidya had been the number four assassination target on lists by Sikh militants and he was one of several people killed in retaliation for Operation Blue Star.<ref name="generalcremated">[[Associated Press]]. "General cremated; Sikhs admit to killing", c/o ''[[Houston Chronicle]]'', 11 August 1986.</ref><ref name="vaidyamurdercase">"The Vaidya Murder Case: Confirming Death Sentences", ''[[India Abroad]]''. (New York edition). New York, N.Y.: 24 July 1992. Vol.XXII, Issue. 43; pg.20.</ref> Following the assassination, the [[Khalistan Commando Force]] issued a statement declaring that Vaidya had been killed in retaliation for the [[Operation Blue Star]].<ref name="generalcremated"/>

=== Attempted Assassination of Khushwant Singh ===
After killing Vaidya Jinda searched for [[Khushwant Singh]] who had been on the hit list of Sikhs for his comments against Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale. Jinda made his way to Delhi and entered Khushwant’s apartment. Jinda  drank some water and look at Khushwant’s sitting room. Jinda then trailed Khushwant to [[Kasauli]], but decided to leave him after feeling he was being shadowed.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Khushwant |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnquSjRgqksC&dq=harjinder+singh+jinda+escaped&pg=PT421 |title=Truth Love and A Little Malice |date=2003-02-10 |publisher=Penguin UK |isbn=978-93-5118-135-4 |language=en}}</ref>

=== Attack on Director General of Punjab Police ===
{{Main|Attempted assassination of Julio Ribeiro}}

On 3 October 1986, 6 men<ref name="indiatoday.in">{{Cite web |title=Punjab Police chief Julio Francis Ribeiro narrowly escapes terror attack |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/19861031-punjab-police-chief-julio-francis-ribeiro-narrowly-escapes-terror-attack-801364-1986-10-30 |access-date=2023-06-01 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> identified in the press as Sikh militants in police uniforms attacked [[Director general of police|Director General]] of [[Punjab Police (India)|Punjab Police]] [[Julio Francis Ribeiro]] inside his headquarters in the city of Jalandhar, Punjab, with automatic weapons.<ref>{{cite news |last=Belle |first=G.G. |date=3 October 1986 |title=Disguised Sikhs attack compound of police chief |page=3 |publisher=[[The Free-Lance Star]] |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=pNAVAAAAIBAJ&pg=6467,1005649&dq=ribeiro+attack+headquarters |url-status=dead |access-date=1 October 2009 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120713072745/http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=pNAVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2BMEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6467,1005649&dq=ribeiro+attack+headquarters |archive-date=13 July 2012}}</ref> According to Ribeiro he was strolling with his wife when Sikh militants in a jeep disguised as a police one asked to inspect a guards gun. The guards gave the gun for inspection. Soon three Sikh began climbing the wall and sprayed fire. After 2 minutes of fire they fled. Throughout all of this no officer returned fire or attempted to chase the Sikh.<ref name="indiatoday.in"/> According to Jinda the attack on Riberio was a primary goal for them. Jinda recruited PAP officers to assist them in the attack. According to Jinda Labh Singh, Ajit Singh, Dalwinder Singh, Charanjit Singh Channi, Kanwarjit Singh Sultanwadi, Vijaypal Singh, and Head Constable Dhanna Singh took part in the action.<ref>Asi Attwadi Nahi by Harjinder Singh Jinda and Sukhdev Singh Sukha page 102</ref> One guard was killed, and Ribeiro, his wife, and four other officers were injured. Ribeiro's wound was minor, but his wife was hospitalized.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boca Raton News - Google News Archive Search |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=9PEPAAAAIBAJ&pg=4966,638725&dq=ribeiro+sikh |website=news.google.com}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Spokane Chronicle - Google News Archive Search |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=a7ISAAAAIBAJ&pg=2548,967763&dq=ribeiro+sikh |website=news.google.com}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Free Lance-Star - Google News Archive Search |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=43EQAAAAIBAJ&pg=6635,476265&dq=ribeiro+sikh |website=news.google.com}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Tempest |first=Rone |date=4 October 1986 |title=Aide Battling Sikh Terrorism Survives Attack |work=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-10-04-mn-4029-story.html}}</ref> [[Khalistan Commando Force]] later claimed responsibility for this attack.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Spokesman-Review - Google News Archive Search |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=MOIRAAAAIBAJ&pg=5113,1949144&dq=ribeiro+sikh |website=news.google.com}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> KCF leader Labh Singh allegedly led the attack.<ref>{{cite news |last=Walia |first=Varinder |date=25 January 2002 |title=Panjwar village hums with poll activity |publisher=Tribuneindia.com |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020125/punjab1.htm |access-date=30 September 2009 |quote=...who was responsible for the attack on Mr J.F. Rebeiro, the then DGP...}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=The Windsor Star |date=24 April 2008 |title=India files complaint over 'martyrs' parade |url=http://www.canada.com/windsorstar/news/story.html?id=4e9019ee-c9cd-4459-8a1f-e4f08238125e |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160123142933/http://www.canada.com/windsorstar/news/story.html?id=4e9019ee-c9cd-4459-8a1f-e4f08238125e |archive-date=23 January 2016 |access-date=23 January 2016 |publisher=Canada.com |quote=One of those featured – Gen. Labh Singh – led the assassination attempt on the director-general of Punjab police, Julio Ribeiro, in 1986.}}</ref> Jinda was also part of the group that attacked Riberio.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7lo8AAAAMAAJ |title=IDSA News Review on South Asia/Indian Ocean |date=1987 |publisher=Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses |pages=789 |language=en}}</ref>

=== Assassination of Kalicharan Sharma ===
In November 1986 Jinda and fellow KCF members killed Congress leader Kalicharan Sharma in [[Ludhiana]]. He was a major leader of [[Hindus]]. Sharma had been a critic of the [[Punjabi Suba movement]], and [[Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Terrorism returns to Punjab, militants once again give call for Khalistan |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19861130-terrorism-returns-to-punjab-militants-once-again-give-call-for-khalistan-801458-1986-11-29 |access-date=2023-06-29 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":02"/>

=== Assassination of Inspector General Trilok Chand Katoch ===
On 11 January 1987, Jinda and a fellow militant of the Khalistan Commando Force assassinated [[Inspector general|Inspector General]] of Punjab Prisons Trilok Chand Katoch.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xC0MAQAAMAAJ |title=Keesing's Record of World Events |date=1987 |publisher=Longman |pages=35250 |language=en}}</ref> Katoch was killed in 3 shoots near his home in [[Chandigarh]]. Jinda and another fled on a scooter. Katoch was the highest ranking police official to be killed up to that point.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-12 |title=India Prison Official Slain by Sikhs - Los Angeles Times |website=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-01-11-mn-4089-story.html |access-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412214553/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-01-11-mn-4089-story.html |archive-date=12 April 2023 }}</ref> Jinda reavled the reasons why Katoch was assassinated in his letters. According to him Katoch had tortured Sikhs and falsely imprisoned them. Most notably he tortured Nachitar Singh Rode, the assassin of [[Lala Jagat Narain]].<ref name=":02"/>

=== India's biggest bank robbery===
On 13 February 1987, Jinda along with other members of [[Khalistan Commando Force]], including its chief general [[Labh Singh]], participated in the biggest bank robbery of [[India]]n history and robbed Rs. {{INRConvert|57|m|year=1987}} from [[Punjab National Bank]], Miller Gunj branch, [[Ludhiana]]<ref name="tribuneindia.com"/> a part of this robbed money belonged to the [[Reserve Bank of India]], India's central bank.<ref name="pqasb.pqarchiver.com"/><ref name="highbeam.com"/> The [[Chicago Sun-Times]] reported that "12 to 15 Sikhs dressed as policemen and armed with submachine guns and rifles escaped with nearly $4.5 million in the biggest bank robbery in Indian history." "No one was injured." A Police spokesman described it as "a neat and clean operation".<ref name="CSTbankrob">{{cite news |date=13 February 1987 |title=Sikhs rob India bank of $4.5 million |newspaper=Chicago Sun-Times |url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3810376.html |url-status=dead |access-date=21 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021140733/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3810376.html |archive-date=21 October 2012}}</ref> As per [http://www.indianexpress.com/news/Paramjit-Singh-Panjwar--Khalistan-Commando-Force-/394235 Indian Express], current [[Khalistan Commando Force|KCF]] chief Paramjit Singh Panjwar was also involved in it.

It was documented as "Biggest Bank Robbery" under "Curiosities and wonders" in [[Limca Book of Records]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Limca Book of Records|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IP1tAAAAMAAJ|year=1999|publisher=Bisleri Beverages Limited}}</ref> Other [[Khalistan Commando Force]] members who participated with Jinda in this event were Mathra Singh,<ref name="Asian Recorder">{{cite book|title=Asian Recorder|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YqBtAAAAMAAJ|year=1987|publisher=K. K. Thomas at Recorder Press}}</ref> Paramjit Singh Panjwar,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/Paramjit-Singh-Panjwar--Khalistan-Commando-Force-/394235 |title=Paramjit Singh Panjwar (Khalistan Commando Force) – Indian Express |work=Indianexpress|date=4 December 2008}}</ref> Satnam Singh Bawa,<ref name="Asian Recorder" /> Gurnam Singh Bundala<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/ie/daily/19981012/28551244.html |title=Sorry |work=Indianexpress}}{{dead link|date=February 2018|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> [[Sukhdev Singh Sukha]], [[Daljit Singh Bittu]],<ref name="cities.expressindia.com">[http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=203376 <!-- |accessdate=27 July 2009 -->] {{dead link|date=February 2023|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref name="indiarightsonline.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.indiarightsonline.com/Sabrang/armed1.nsf/38b852a8345861dd65256a980059289d/308bbafc7afcad6fe5256be600458270/$FILE/bac37002.pdf |title=Killers of Lalit Maken held |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713025322/http://www.indiarightsonline.com/Sabrang/armed1.nsf/38b852a8345861dd65256a980059289d/308bbafc7afcad6fe5256be600458270/%24FILE/bac37002.pdf |archive-date=13 July 2011}}</ref><ref>https://archive.today/20131211064709/http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=148524</ref> Gursharan Singh Gamma<ref name="cities.expressindia.com" /><ref name="indiarightsonline.com" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiarightsonline.com/Sabrang/armed1.nsf/38b852a8345861dd65256a980059289d/308bbafc7afcad6fe5256be600458270/%24FILE/bac37002.pdf |title=IN one of the most remarkable |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713025322/http://www.indiarightsonline.com/Sabrang/armed1.nsf/38b852a8345861dd65256a980059289d/308bbafc7afcad6fe5256be600458270/%24FILE/bac37002.pdf |archive-date=13 July 2011}}</ref> and Pritpal Singh<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ministryoftruth.org.uk/category/news-current-events/ |title=News & Current Events |publisher=Ministry of Truth |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100506013039/http://www.ministryoftruth.org.uk/category/news-current-events/ |archive-date=6 May 2010 }}</ref> etc. It enabled his organisation [[Khalistan Commando Force]] to buy weapons<ref name="Kumar1997" /> such as AK-47 rifles.<ref name="Dhillon2006">{{cite book|author=Kirpal S. Dhillon|title=Identity and Survival: Sikh Militancy in India, 1978-1993|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3eBuAAAAMAAJ|year=2006|publisher=Penguin Group USA|isbn=978-0-14-310036-2}}</ref> The [[Los Angeles Times]] has mentioned that bank robberies have been a major means of financing the Sikh militants' campaign for a separate state of Khalistan.<ref name="pqasb.pqarchiver.com" />

=== Assassination of Communist leader ===
On 16 February 1987, Harjinder Singh Jinda killed [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] veteran leader and [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] Chanan Singh near [[Hoshiarpur]]. In a letter to the media Jinda said that Dhoot committed blasphemy and spoke out against Sikhs.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Bhupinder |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rik0EAAAQBAJ&dq=Chanan+Singh+Dhoot+killed&pg=PT53 |title=Punjab Politics: Retrospect and Prospect |publisher=Readworthy |isbn=978-93-5018-082-2 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=ਧੂਤ ਦੇ ਕਤਲ ਦੀ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰੀ ਜਿੰਦਾ ਨੇ ਲਈ-ਪੁਲਸ ਨੂੰ ਸਖਤ ਤਾੜਨਾ |work=Ajit}}</ref>

=== Escape ===
On 30 March 1987 Harjinder Singh Jinda was being transported by police. 15 KCF members, who were armed with submachine guns and pistols, surrounded a rouge police van and blocked the front and back with two vehicles. They demanded Jinda be released or they would open fire. Jinda was released and the militants fled.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sikh militants stopped a police van in northern Punjab... - UPI Archives |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1987/03/30/Sikh-militants-stopped-a-police-van-in-northern-Punjab/4921544078800/ |access-date=2023-05-21 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Archives |first=L. A. Times |date=1987-03-31 |title=Convoy Ambushed; Sikh Extremist Freed |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-03-31-mn-1627-story.html |access-date=2023-05-21 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Sikh moral code ===
In late March 1987 Jinda and Labh Singh issued a moral code to which they insisted all Sikh should adhere. The policies were to end dancing at weddings, end music at weddings, end to the wearing of non-traditional clothing, no tweezing of eyebrows for girls, no snipping of beards for boys, no ''[[baraat]]s'' that include more than 11 people, no participation in Hindu ''[[Jagarana|jagratas]]'' or all-night prayers, no associating with [[Radha Soami|Radhasoami]] Sikhs, no school uniforms that are not saffron black, and white and the end of the sale and consumption of meat, alcohol and tobacco.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=AISSF forces shopkeepers to shut liquor and meat shops in Punjab |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19870430-aissf-forces-shopkeepers-to-shut-liquor-and-meat-shops-in-punjab-798798-1987-04-29 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Sikh militants in Punjab, putting a moral edge on... - UPI Archives |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1987/05/10/Sikh-militants-in-Punjab-putting-a-moral-edge-on/5864547617600/ |access-date=2023-05-21 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>

Those who did not respect the law were warned that they would be burnt alive. The code was largely followed. Sikh women began wearing traditional clothing and many meat, alcohol and tobacco shops closed. Many restaurants introduced vegetarian items to their menus. Some did not follow the decree which put them in danger. Those who did not follow were forced to either pay off Sikhs or get security. Sikh leaders generally supported the decree. The enforcement of the decree in its first 2 months resulted in at least 6 killed, 60 shops burned, and complete or partial closure of 1,500 businesses.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":7" />

One survey found that there were no meat or cigarette shops between [[Amritsar]] and [[Phagwara]]. Restaurants that had previously served meat had removed it from their menus and denied having ever serving it.<ref name=":7" />

According to Assistant Deputy Inspector General of Police in Jalandhar A.S. Siddiqui the moral code had significant popularity among Sikhs especially those living in the rural area. He said, “Women seem to be pleased with it and there is also the fact that the [[All India Sikh Students Federation|AISSF]] has been on a massive recruitment drive through their ''amrit prachar'' (preaching of Sikh [[Khalsa|baptism]]) meetings. There is one meeting a day in the state, and after every meeting an estimated 200 youths pledge themselves to the service of the [[Khalsa|panth]]."<ref name=":7" />

Militants justified the moral code by saying, "No [[avatar]]s, Hindu or Sikh, ever did these things. To eat meat is the job of ''[[rakshasa]]s'' ([[demon]]s) and we don't want people to become ''rakshasas''."<ref name=":7" />

==Arrest and death==
On 17 September 1986, [[Sukhdev Singh Sukha|Sukha]] got into an accident with a truck in Pimpri, Pune and was arrested. He was riding the same black motorcycle which was used at the time of assassination of General Vaidya. Jinda was arrested at Gurdwara Majnoo Daa Tilla, [[Delhi]] on 31 August 1987.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Grewal |first=Manraj |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iH5uAAAAMAAJ |title=Dreams After Darkness: A Search for the Life Ordinary Under the Shadow of 1984 |date=2004 |publisher=Rupa & Company |isbn=978-81-291-0479-3 |pages=78, 80 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Police Report Arrest of Suspected Top Sikh Terrorist |url=https://apnews.com/article/119644ad3b7ebc0275474a33347b1472 |access-date=2023-05-24 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> He was shot in the legs at the time of his arrest. During their court trial, despite admitting to the killing, they pleaded not-guilty, justifying their actions by saying that Vaidya was "guilty of a serious crime, the punishment for which could only be death".<ref name="vaidyamurdercase"/> They were awarded death sentences at 2:05&nbsp;pm on 21 October 1989. Sukha and Jinda also wrote a letter to president of India asking for "No-Clemency" prior to their hanging.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sikhstudentsfederation.com/link7/documents5a.html |title=sikhstudentsfederation.com |publisher=sikhstudentsfederation.com |accessdate=2013-11-07}}</ref>

On 9 October 1992, early in the morning, Sukhdev Singh "Sukha" and Harjinder Singh "Jinda" were [[Hanging|executed by hanging]] in Pune Jail. ''The Independent World'' mentioned "While being led from their cell to the gallows set up in the Yerawada gaol yard, the two convicted killers shouted slogans for Sikh independence in the Punjab".<ref name="independent.co.uk">{{cite news| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/protests-after-hanging-of-sikhs-1556488.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220509/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/protests-after-hanging-of-sikhs-1556488.html |archive-date=9 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live | location=London | work=The Independent | first=Tim | last=Mcgirk | title=Protests after hanging of Sikhs – World – News – The Independent | date=10 October 1992}}</ref>
Both of them were hanged at 4&nbsp;am in [[Yerwada Central Jail]] Pune while extraordinary security was deployed at the jail and in the periphery of Pune to oppose any possible Sikh militants attack. Security was also tightened all over Northern India.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=EbcTAAAAIBAJ&pg=2918,3892758&dq=harjinder+singh+jinda|title=Sikh assassins of ex-general hanged|work=New Straits Times Malaysia|via=News.google.com|date=10 October 1992}}{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

===Public protests===
''The Independent World'' reported that "..their hanging sparked off protests by students and shop-keepers in the Sikh-dominated state of Punjab" and "Security forces were put on alert in New Delhi, Pune, the southern city where the two assassins were hanged, and throughout the Punjab.".<ref name="independent.co.uk"/>

===Memorial service and subsequent seizure of Golden Temple by the government===
On their memorial service, hundreds of troops and police surrounded the [[Harmandir Sahib|Golden Temple]]. In the early morning hundreds of Sikhs were ordered to move out of the [[Harmandir Sahib|Golden Temple]]. Sikh leaders [[Simranjit Singh Mann]], [[Gurcharan Singh Tohra]] and 300 others were arrested in the statewide arrests. Some people were baton charged when they tried to enter this religious place. Approximately 300 Sikhs openly resisted the police clampdown and held the 30-minute memorial service inside the complex while chanting slogans hailing the assassins and in support of Sikh homeland [[Khalistan]]. Jinda and Sukha's fathers were presented with gold medals by [[Harmandir Sahib|Golden Temple]] priest. Police seize of the temple was lifted 3 hours after the memorial service<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/sikhs-defy-police-to-mourn-killers-1558282.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220509/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/sikhs-defy-police-to-mourn-killers-1558282.html |archive-date=9 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live | location=London | work=The Independent | title=Sikhs defy police to mourn killers – World – News – The Independent | date=19 October 1992}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=KC&p_theme=kc&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EAF3E4969EB10B0&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |title=Van bombed: A bomb blew up an Israeli van in the occupied West Bank on Saturday night, killing one passenger and seriously injuring two others, official military sources said |work=Kansas City Star|via=Nl.newsbank.com |accessdate=2013-11-07}}</ref>

==Honours and anniversaries==
In October 1999, his death anniversary was celebrated in his village Gadli, Amritsar district, where chief of [[Akal Takhat]] Amritsar, Giani Puran Singh declared Jinda a national martyr while justifying his action of killing general Vaidya. Some Akali leaders stayed away from this function.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiarightsonline.com/Sabrang/relipolcom9.nsf/5e7647d942f529c9e5256c3100376e2e/f3235c44e2a4bbd165256cce0027a361/$FILE/bac31539.pdf |title=Sikh cleric lauds Vaidya killers, embarrasses Akalis |publisher=Indiarightsonline.com |access-date=2013-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222205220/http://www.indiarightsonline.com/Sabrang/relipolcom9.nsf/5e7647d942f529c9e5256c3100376e2e/f3235c44e2a4bbd165256cce0027a361/$FILE/bac31539.pdf |archive-date=22 February 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

On 9 October 2000, representatives of all major Sikh bodies, including ruling [[Shiromani Akali Dal]], the [[Sarb Hind Shiromani Akali Dal|SHSAD]], the [[SGPC]], the [[Damdami Taksal]], [[All India Sikh Students Federation|AISSF]] and the [[Dal Khalsa (International)|Dal Khalsa]] attended the eighth death anniversary of Harjinder Singh Jinda and Sukhdev Singh Sukha. To honour Jinda and Sukha, Giani Joginder Singh Vedanti, Head of [[Akal Takht]] (Supreme Sikh temporal seat), performed the 'ardas' (a Sikh religious rite). Both Sukha and Jinda were declared "great martyrs" of the Sikh nation during this event.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20001010/punjab.htm#13 |title=Vedanti performs 'ardas' for Sukha, Jinda|publisher=Tribuneindia.com |date=10 October 2000}}</ref>

On 9 October 2002, according to The Tribune, on Jinda's death anniversary, "Tributes were paid to the assassins of General Vaidya – Jinda and Sukhdev Singh Sukha" and Jinda's mother was honoured by Giani Joginder Singh Vedanti, chief of [[Akal Takhat]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20021010/punjab1.htm#13 |title=Takht honours Jinda's mother |publisher=Tribuneindia.com |date=10 October 2002}}</ref>

In October 2005, the anniversary of his death was celebrated in his native village of Gadli by various Sikh organisation including Dal Khalsa, Damdami Taksal, Akal Federation and Sikh Students Federation etc.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> and his family was again honoured by Dal Khalsa in Fateh Garh Sahib in Punjab, India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20041226/punjab1.htm#12 |title=Dal Longowal guns for Badal  |publisher=Tribuneindia.com |accessdate=2013-11-07|date=25 December 2004}}</ref>

Dashmesh Durbar Sikh temple in Surrey, Canada recently organised special prayers for both Jinda and Sukha in Canada<ref>{{cite web |title= Exiled rebels |date= 22 October 2008|work=Asian Pacific Post|url= http://www.southasianpost.com/portal2/c1ee8c441d26ef48011d2ab67c09003d_Exiled_rebels.do.html |access-date=28 July 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090109055207/http://www.southasianpost.com/portal2/c1ee8c441d26ef48011d2ab67c09003d_Exiled_rebels.do.html |archive-date= 9 January 2009 }}</ref>

On 9 October 2008, [[Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee]] honoured kin of Jinda and [[Sukhdev Singh Sukha|Sukha]] in the [[Harmandir Sahib|Golden Temple]] complex, to mark the anniversaries of their death. [[Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee|SGPC]] declared Jinda and [[Sukhdev Singh Sukha|Sukha]] 'martyrs of Sikh nation' and added that Jinda and [[Sukhdev Singh Sukha|Sukha]] took revenge of [[Operation Blue Star]].<ref name="tribuneindia.com"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://sikhstudentsfederation.com/link7/documents5a.html Letter sent by the two to the President of India asking for no clemency] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221441/http://sikhstudentsfederation.com/link7/documents5a.html |date=3 March 2016 }}
*[http://sikhstudentsfederation.com/link7/documents5a.html Letter of Bhai Sukha-Jinda in Panjabi Language] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221441/http://sikhstudentsfederation.com/link7/documents5a.html |date=3 March 2016 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090321153822/http://saintsoldiers.net/sikh-martyrs/sukhdev-and-harjinder-singh Harjinder Singh Jinda & Sukhdev Singh Sukha Biography].

{{Khalistan movement}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jinda, Harjinder Singh}}
[[Category:1961 births]]
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[[Category:Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi]]
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<!--Attempted assassination of Rajiv Gandhi and Zail Singh-->