View source for Kere Basadi

{{Short description|Jain temple in Karnataka, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox religious building
| religious_affiliation = [[Jainism]]
| image          = File:Kere Basadi - Varanga.jpg
| alt            = Kere Basadi
| caption        = Kere Basadi
| map_type       = 
| map_alt        = Kere Basadi
| map_size       = 200
| map_caption    = Location within Karanata
| coordinates    = {{coord|13|23|46.53|N|75|0|30.14|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| location       = [[Varanga]], [[Udupi district|Udupi]], [[Karnataka]]
| festivals      = Rathotsava, [[Mahavir Jayanti]]
| deity          = [[Parshvanath]]
| established    = 12th century
| creator        = Varanga Raya
| governing_body = Karkala Jain Mutt
| temple_quantity = 
}}
{{Jainism}}

'''Kere Basadi''' (meaning: Lake temple) or '''Chaturmukha Basadi''' is a [[Jain temple]] located in [[Varanga]] village in [[Udupi district]] of [[Karnataka]], [[India]]. This 12th-century temple is situated amidst of a lake giving it the name Kere Basadi (lake temple).{{efn|{{INRConvert|9.13|c|0}} for developing the Udupi includes Jain basadis in Varanga.{{sfn|Prabhu|2017}} }} The temple is also known Chaturmukha Basadi as it houses a chaturmukha (four-faced) idol of [[tirthankara]]s. The temple is situated 26&nbsp;km from [[Karkala]], another popular Jain centre.

== History ==
The temple dates back to 850 years back.{{sfn|Prabhu|2017}} The ''Sripurana'', found [[Jain matha]] at Varanga,{{Sfn|Kachru|Kachru|Sridhar|2008|p=5}} is one of the famous 8th century work by [[Tamil Jain|Jain tamils]].{{Sfn|Umamaheshwari|2018|p=126}} The Jain Matha is an offshoot of the [[Humcha]] Jain Matha. This matha is said to have been a segment of Mula Kundakundanvaya Kranurgana's Mesha Pashana [[Gaccha]].{{sfn|D'Souza|2010}} According to an inscription found in Neminath Basadi, dating back to 1424 CE, King [[Deva Raya II]] of the [[Vijayanagara Empire]] visited the temple and granted land for operation.{{sfn|D'Souza|2010}} The inscription also mentions a Jain Matha existence before installation of the inscription.{{Sfn|Sewell|1884|p=270}} The matha is estimated to date back to {{circa|8th–9th-century CE}}. There is an inscription dating 1515 CE and 1522 CE mentioning of grants sanctioned by a Jain businessman and ''Chenna Bhairava'' respectively.{{sfn|Sewell|1882|p=232}}

== About temple ==
Kere Basadi is a 12th-century temple, considered to be unique for being situated in the middle of a lake.{{Sfn|Titze|Bruhn|1998|p=42}}{{sfn|Goel|1983|p=1}} The mulnayak of the temple is [[Parshvanatha]], the 23rd Tirthankara. The temple is built in ''chaturmukha style'', having four entrance{{Sfn|Titze|Bruhn|1998|p=43}} and a ''chaturmukha'' idol with images of Parshvanatha, [[Neminatha]], [[Shantinatha]], and [[Anantanatha]] representing the four cardinal direction.{{sfn|Mallick|Ganapathy|2019}} The temple also houses an idol of [[Padmavati (Jainism)|Padmavati]].{{sfn|Kumari|2023}}{{sfn|Vyjay|2021}} According to beliefs, performing [[Puja (Hinduism)|puja]] (praying) here brings prosperity. There is also a ritual for people to visit the shrine before marriage. As per popular belief, the falling of flower from the right side of the idol is a blessing.{{sfn|D'Souza|2010}} One has to take a boat to reach the temple. [[Anekere]] village of [[Hassan district]] has a replica of this shrine erected in the 15th century.{{fact|date=December 2022}}

=== Other temples ===
'''Neminatha Basadi''' is a stone temple built in 9th century. The shrine is {{convert|70|x|70|ft|m}} in dimensions with a [[thatched roof]]. The temple has an ornate [[torana]] housing an image of seated tirthankar.{{Sfn|Titze|Bruhn|1998|p=44}} The temple houses an 5 feet black-colored idol of Neminatha in [[padmasan]] posture{{sfn|D'Souza|2010}} as the mulnayak deity of the temple.{{sfn|Shah|1987|p=169}} Temple also houses a bronze idol of [[Mahavira]], [[Ambika (Jainism)|Ambika]], and Padmavati. A small shrine dedicated to [[Kshetrapala]] exists in the temple premises. The shrine features a 45 feet tall monolithic [[manastambha]] built in the 12th century.{{sfn|D'Souza|2010}}{{sfn|Jain|2019}}

The Kathale Basadi, Mathada Basadi, and Chandranath Basadi are other important temples in the region dating back 1,000 years.{{sfn|Shah|1987|p=144}}{{sfn|D'Souza|2010}}{{sfn|Prabhu|2017}}{{sfn|Padaki|2014}}

== In popular culture ==
The temple was featured in [[Mugulu Nage]] song ''Kere Yeri''.

== Festivals ==
The rathotsava (chariot festival) is the primary festival of this temple, and a five-day event is organized annually in February. [[Buta Kola]] is organised to celebrate [[Navaratri]], [[Dusshera]], [[Diwali]]. On [[Vijayadashami]], [[Ratha Yatra]] with an idol of Padmavathi Devi is organized to commemorate the procession of King Deva Raya II during Vijayadashami.{{sfn|D'Souza|2010}}

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Anekere lake (cropped).jpg|Replica of Kere Basadi at [[Anekere]] built in 16th century
File:Water color painting,Kere basadi, Varanga.jpg|Watercolor Painting of Kere Basadi, Varanga.
</gallery>

== See also ==
{{commons category}}
* [[Karkala]]
* [[Shravanabelagola]]
* [[Jainism in Karnataka]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
=== Citation ===
{{reflist|23em}}

=== Sources ===
==== Book ====
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book | editor-last=Goel | editor-first=J. P. | title=Akashvani | volume=6 |url={{Google books|KDAHEAAAQBAJ|page=1|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=[[All India Radio]] | year=1983 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Kachru |first1=Braj B. | author1-link=Braj Kachru | last2=Kachru | first2=Yamuna | author2-link=Yamuna Kachru | last3=Sridhar | first3=S. N. |title=Language in South Asia |url={{Google books|O2n4sFGDEMYC|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |date=2008 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=9781139465502 }}
* {{cite book | last=Sewell | first=Robert | author-link=Robert Sewell (historian) | title=New Imperial Series | volume=7 |publisher=E. Keys at the Government Press | location=Madras | date=1882 | url={{Google books|W5YXtbHisaUC|page=232|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} }}
* {{cite book |last=Sewell |first=Robert | author-link=Robert Sewell (historian) |title=Lists of Inscriptions, and Sketch of the Dynasties of Southern India | volume=2 | series=Archaeological Survey of Southern India | url={{Google books|S8wOAAAAQAAJ|page=270|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |date=1884 |publisher=E. Keys at the Government Press | location=Madras  }}
* {{cite book |last=Shah |first=Umakant Premanand | author-link=Umakant Premanand Shah |title=Jaina-rūpa-maṇḍana: Jaina iconography |url={{Google books|m_y_P4duSXsC|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |date=1987 |publisher=Abhinav Publications |isbn=978-81-7017-208-6 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Titze |first1=Kurt | last2=Bruhn | first2=Klaus |title=Jainism: A Pictorial Guide to the Religion of Non-Violence |url={{Google books|loQkEIf8z5wC|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] |edition=2 |date=1998 |isbn=978-81-208-1534-6 }}
* {{cite book | last=Umamaheshwari | first=R. | title=Reading History with the Tamil Jainas: A Study on Identity, Memory and Marginalisation | volume=22 | series=Sophia Studies in Cross-cultural Philosophy of Traditions and Cultures | url={{Google books|TRxJDwAAQBAJ|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=[[Springer Publishing]] | date=2018 | isbn=9788132237563 }}
{{refend}}

==== Web ====
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite news | last1=Mallick | first1=Anurag| last2=Ganapathy | first2=Priya | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/supplements/travel/it-s-a-whole-new-world-752144.html | title=It's a whole new world | newspaper=[[Deccan Herald]] | date=2019-08-06 | access-date=2020-03-07 }}
* {{cite news | last=Prabhu | first=Ganesh | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Mangalore/lesser-known-tourist-spots-of-udupi-in-focus/article19894386.ece  | title=Lesser-known tourist spots of Udupi in focus | date=2017-10-21 | access-date=2020-03-07 | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] }}
* {{cite news | last=Padaki | first=Arun | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/415471/a-mid-lake-spiritual-wonder.html | title=A mid-lake spiritual wonder | newspaper=[[Deccan Herald]] | date=2014-06-23 | access-date=2020-03-07 }}
* {{cite news | last=D'Souza | first=Sandhya | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/101144/basadis-testimony-rich-jain-culture.html | title=Basadis are testimony to rich  | newspaper=[[Deccan Herald]] | date=2010-01-10 | access-date=2020-05-09 }}
* {{cite news | last=Jain | first=Ashwani | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/altruism-speaks-grand-719933.html | title=Altruism speaks from the grand pavilions | newspaper=[[Deccan Herald]] | date=2019-02-24 | access-date=2020-12-18 }}
* {{cite news | last=Vyjay | first=Sandy | url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/blink/takeaway/udupi-unplugged/article34555369.ece | title=Udupi unplugged | date=14 May 2021 | access-date=15 May 2021 | newspaper=[[Business Line]] }}
* {{cite news | last=Kumari | first=Rupa | url=https://ddnews.gov.in/national/discover-india-floating-temple-karnataka | title=Discover India: The Floating Temple of Karnataka | date=11 December 2023 | access-date=12 December 2023 | newspaper=[[DD News]] | publisher=[[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]] }}
{{refend}}

{{Jain temples}}
{{Jainism topics}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:12th-century Jain temples]]
[[Category:Jain temples in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Udupi district]]