View source for List of English words of Sanskrit origin

{{Short description|English words from Sanskrit words}}
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This is a list of [[English language|English]] words of [[Sanskrit]] origin. Most of these words were not directly borrowed from Sanskrit. The meaning of some words has changed slightly after being borrowed.

Both languages belong to the [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]] language family and have [[Indo-European vocabulary|numerous cognate]] terms; some examples are "mortal", "mother", "father" and the names of the numbers 1-10. However, this list is strictly of the words which are taken from Sanskrit.
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==A==
; [[Ambarella]] : through {{langx|si|ඇඹරැල්ලා}} {{Transliteration|si|æmbarællā}} ultimately from Sanskrit: अम्बरेल्ला, a kind of tree.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Ambarella}}</ref>
; [[Aniline]] : through {{langx|de|Anilin}}, French: Aniline and Portuguese: Anil from Arabic النيل ''al-nili'' and Persian نیلا ''nila'', ultimately from Sanskrit नीली ''nili''.<ref>{{Cite MW|Aniline}}</ref>
; [[Aryan]] : from Sanskrit {{Lang|sa|आर्य}} {{Transliteration|sa|IAST|ārya}}, “which means noble; arya also means health. Noun of Arya is Aryana healthy, noble one” though it originally stems from the [[Proto-Indo-Iranian language|Proto-Indo-Iranian]] [[Endonym and exonym|autonym]] {{Lang|iir-x-proto|*áryas}}''.'' First attested in English in 1839, it was likely coined as a loan from earlier scholars in Europe writing in German and French who in turn borrowed directly from Sanskrit.<ref>{{OEtymD|Aryan}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Aryan {{!}} Definition, History, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Aryan |access-date=2022-04-05 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=The American heritage dictionary of Indo-European roots |date=2000 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin |others=Calvert Watkins |isbn=0-395-98610-9 |edition=2nd |location=Boston |oclc=43836701}}</ref>

; [[Withania somnifera|Ashwagandha]]: from ''ashva'', for "horse", and ''gandha'', for "smell", as the root has an Earthy horse-like musk.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ashwagandha Uses, Benefits & Dosage |url=https://www.drugs.com/npp/ashwagandha.html |access-date=2025-12-26 |website=Drugs.com |language=en}}</ref>
; [[Atoll]]: through [[Dhivehi Language|Dhivehi]] : {{Lang|dv|އަތޮޅު|rtl=yes}} possibly from Sanskrit {{Lang|sa|अन्तला}} {{Transliteration|sa|IAST|antalā}}, interior, though there are other theories.
; [[Aubergine]]: via Arabic {{Lang|ar|بَاتِنْجَان|rtl=yes}} {{Transliteration|ar|ISO|bātinjān}} and Persian {{Lang|fa|بادنجان}} bâdenjân ultimately from Sanskrit {{Lang|sa|वातिगगम}} {{Transliteration|sa|IAST|vātigagama}},<ref>{{OEtymD|aubergine}}</ref> meaning [[Eggplant#Etymology and regional names|eggplant or aubergine]].
; [[Avatar]]: from Sanskrit {{Lang|sa|अवतार}} {{Lang|sa|avatāra}}, which means "descent", an avatar refers to the human incarnation of God during times of distress on earth. Thus, [[Krishna]] and [[Rāma]] were both avatars of [[Vishnu]], who also manifested himself as an avatar many other times, ten of which are considered the most significant.<ref>{{OEtymD|Avatar}}</ref>

==B==
; [[Bandana]] : from [[Sanskrit]] बन्धन ''bandhana'', "a bond".
; [[Banyan]] : from Hindi ''baniyaa'' ultimately from Sanskrit वणिज्‌ ''vaṇij'', which means "a merchant".<ref>{{OEtymD|banyan}}</ref>
; [[Basmati]] : Type of long grain rice, highly valued for its smell and texture. Through Hindi बासमती ultimately from Sanskrit वास ''vāsa''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Basmati rice}}</ref>
; [[Bahuvrihi]] : from Sanskrit बहुव्रीहि ''Bahuvrihi'', a composite word, meaning 'much rice'.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Bahuvrihi}}</ref>
; [[Beedi|Bidi]] : through Hindi बीड़ी ultimately from Sanskrit वितिक ''vitika''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Bidi}}</ref>
; [[Bhakti]] : from Sanskrit भक्ति "bhakti", portion or more importantly, devotion. 
; [[Brinjal]] : from Portuguese ''bringella'' or ''beringela'', from Persian بادنجان ''badingān'', probably from Sanskrit ''vātiṅgaṇa''.<ref>{{Cite MW|Brinjal}}</ref>
; [[Buddha]] : from Sanskrit बुद्ध ''buddha'', which means "awakened, enlightened", refers to Siddhartha Gautama, founder of [[Buddhism]]. Also refers to one who is enlightened in accordance with the teachings of [[Gautama Buddha|Buddha]] or a likeness of Buddha.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Buddha}}</ref>

==C==
; [[Candy]] :Middle English candi, crystallized cane sugar, short for sugre-candi, partial translation of Old French sucre candi, ultimately from Arabic sukkar qandī : sukkar, sugar + qandī, consisting of sugar lumps (from qand, lump of crystallized sugar, from an Indic source akin to Pali kaṇḍa-, from Sanskrit खाण्डक ''khaṇḍakaḥ'', from khaṇḍaḥ, piece, fragment, perhaps of Munda origin).<ref>[https://ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=candy American Heritage Dictionary&nbsp;– Candy]</ref>
; [[Carmine]] and [[Crimson]]: From Arabic word ''Kirmiz'' (evolved in French later), from Sanskrit कृमि ''kṛmi'' meaning "bacteria".
; [[Cashmere wool|Cashmere]] :1680s, "shawl made of cashmere wool", from the old spelling of Kashmir, Himalayan kingdom where wool was obtained from long-haired goats.<ref>{{OEtymD|cashmere}}</ref>
; [[Chakram]] : from Sanskrit चक्रं Cakram, a circular throwing weapon, sharp edged discus. Chakram is derivative of word 'Chakra' which means Spiral or Circle
; [[Cheetah]] : which is from Sanskrit चित्रस ''chitra-s'' "uniquely marked".<ref>{{OEtymD|chit}}</ref>
; [[Chintz]] : from Hindi chint, from Sanskrit chitra-s "clear, bright".<ref>{{OEtymD|chintz}}</ref>
; [[Chukar partridge|Chukar]] : via Hindi चकोर ''cakor'' and Urdu چکور ''chukar'' ultimately from Sanskrit चकोर ''cakorah''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Chukar}}</ref>
; [[Polo|Chukker]] : from Hindi चक्कर and Urdu چکر''chakkar'', from Sanskrit चक्र ''cakra'', "a circle, a wheel".<ref>{{OEtymD|chukker}}</ref>
; [[Citipati (dinosaur)|Citipati]] : from Sanskrit चिति पति ''citi-pati'', which means "a funeral pyre lord".<ref>{{cite web |title=Citipati |url=http://www.dinosauria.com/dml/names/dinoc.htm |website=Dinosauria.com |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070203220223/http://dinosauria.com/dml/names/dinoc.htm |archivedate=2007-02-03 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
; [[Camp bed|Cot]] : from Hindi खाट ''khaat'' "a couch", which is from Sanskrit खट्वा ''khatva''.<ref>{{OEtymD|cot}}</ref>
; [[Copra]] : from Portuguese copra (16c.), from koppara (cognate with Hindi khopra) "mature coconut usually used for extraction of coconut oil"; related to Hindi khopri "skull", from Sanskrit kharparah "skull".<ref>{{OEtymD|copra}}</ref>
; [[Cowrie]] : from Hindi कौड़ी ''kauri'' and [[Urdu]] کمتدب ''kauri'', from Marathi कवडी ''kavadi,'' which is ultimately from Sanskrit कपर्द ''kaparda.''<ref>{{OEtymD|cowrie}}</ref>
; [[Crimson]] : from [[Old Spanish]] ''cremesin'', via Medieval Latin ''cremesinus'' from Persian قرمز ''qirmiz'' "a kermes", which is ultimately from Sanskrit कृमिज ''krmija'' literally: "red dye produced by a worm".<ref>{{OEtymD|crimson}}</ref>
; [[Crocus]] : from Greek κρόκος ''crocus'', via [[Semitic languages]] (e.g. [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] כרכום ''karkōm'', [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]] ܟܘܪܟܡܐ ''kurkama'', [[Persian language|Persian]] كركم ''kurkum'', which mean saffron or saffron yellow<ref>Babiniotis, ''Leksiko tis neoellinikis glossas''.</ref>); ultimately from Sanskrit कुङ्कुमं ''kunkumam.''<ref>{{OEtymD|crocus}}</ref>

==D==
; [[Dal]] : through Hindi दाल ''dāl'' ultimately from Sanskrit दल ''dala'', meaning cotyledon of a pea pod, a type of Indian food; also refers to [[lentil]]s.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Dahl}}</ref>
; Das : from Sanskrit दास ''daasa'', a slave or servant.<ref>{{Cite MW|Das}}</ref> See also [[Dasa]].
; [[Datura]] : through Latin and Hindi: धतूरा ''dhatūra'' "[[jimson weed]]" ultimately from Sanskrit धत्तूरा ''dhattūrā'', a kind of flowering plant.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Datura}}</ref>
; [[Cedrus deodara|Deodar]] : through Hindi देओदार ''deodār'' ultimately from Sanskrit देवदारु ''devadāru'', a kind of tree.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Deodar}}</ref>
; [[Deva (Hinduism)|Deva]] : from Sanskrit देव ''deva'', which means "a god", akin to Latin ''deus'', "god".<ref>{{OEtymD|Deva}}</ref>
; [[Devi]] : from Sanskrit देवी ''devi'', which means "a goddess".<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Devi}}</ref>
; [[Dharma]] : from Sanskrit: धर्म ''dharma''; akin to Latin: firmus, meaning "conformity to one's duty and nature" and "divine law" also "Religion".<ref>{{Cite MW|Dharma}}</ref>
; [[Dhoti]] : via [[Hindi]] ''dhotī'' (Hindi: धोती) ultimately from Sanskrit ''dhautī'' (Sanskrit: धौती) which means 'to wash', a traditional male garment used in India. Material tied around the waist that covers most of the legs.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dhoti |url=http://spokensanskrit.org/index.php?mode=3&script=hk&tran_input=dhoti&direct=au&anz=100 |website=Sanskrit Dictionary for Spoken Sanskrit}}</ref>
; [[Dinghy]] : from Hindi दिन्गी ''dingi'' "a tiny boat", probably from Sanskrit द्रोण ''drona''.<ref>{{OEtymD|dinghy}}</ref>
; [[Dvandva]] : is a Sanskrit technical term literally meaning "a pair".<ref>{{Dictionary.com|Dvandva}}</ref>

==G==
; [[Cannabis (drug)|Ganja]] : via Hindi गांजा (''gaanja'' or "hemp"), ultimately from Sanskrit गञ्जा (''gañjā'' or "hemp").<ref>[https://www.wordnik.com/words/ganja American Heritage Dictionary&nbsp;– Ganja]</ref>
; [[Gharry]] : via [[Hindi]] word ''gādī'' (Hindi: गाड़ी) which is ultimately derived from Sanskrit word ''garta'' (Sanskrit: गर्त) which means 'chariot'.<ref>{{cite web |title=Garta |url=http://spokensanskrit.org/index.php?mode=3&script=hk&tran_input=garta&direct=au&anz=100 |website=Sanskrit Dictionary for Spoken Sanskrit}}</ref>
; [[Ginger]] : from Old English gingifer, gingiber, from Late Latin gingiber, from Latin zingiberi, from Greek zingiberis, from Prakrit (Middle Indic) singabera, from Sanskrit श्रङ्गवेर ''śrngavera'', from śrnga "horn" + vera- "body", although, it may have derived instead from [[Tamil language|Tamil]] word "Inchi" (இஞ்சி).<ref>{{OEtymD|ginger}}</ref>
; [[Gondwana]] : from two Sanskrit words, ''goṇḍa'' (Devanagari: गोण्ड) which means '[[Gondi people]] or mountaineers' and ''vana'' (Devanagari: वन) which means 'forest'. 
; [[Guar]] : through Hindi गार ultimately from Sanskrit गोपाली ''gopālī'', an annual [[legume]].<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Guar}}</ref>
; [[Gunny sack|Gunny]] : via Persian گونی "Gooni" a burlap sack and Hindi गोनी, ultimately from Sanskrit गोणी ''goni'' "sack".<ref>{{OEtymD|gunny}}</ref>
; [[Gurkha]] : via [[Nepali language|Nepalese]] गोर्खा ultimately from Sanskrit गोरक्ष ''goraksa'', "a cowherd".<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Gurkha}}</ref> Gurka derives from népali word Gorkha, followers of Saint Gorakhnath. 
; [[Guru]] : via [[Hindi]] गुरु ultimately from Sanskrit गुरु ''guru'', which means "a teacher".<ref>{{OEtymD|Guru}}</ref>

==J==
; [[Jackal]] : from [[Turkish language|Turkish]] ''çakal'', from [[Persian language|Persian]] شغال ''shaghal'', from [[Middle Indic]] ''shagal'', ultimately from Sanskrit शृगाल ''srgala'' "the howler".<ref>{{OEtymD|Jackal}}</ref>
; [[Jaggery]] :via [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] ''jágara'', ''jagre'' and [[Malayalam]] ഛക്കര ''chakkara'', ultimately from Sanskrit शर्करा ''śarkarā''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Jaggery}}</ref>
; [[Java]] : originally a kind of coffee grown on Java and nearby islands of modern Indonesia. By early 20c. it meant coffee generally. The island name is shortened from Sanskrit Yavadvipa "Island of Barley", from yava "barley" + dvipa "island".<ref>{{OEtymD|java}}</ref>
; [[Juggernaut]] : through [[Odia language|Odia]] ଜଗନ୍ନାଥ ''[[Jagannath]]a'' ultimately from Sanskrit जगन्नाथ ''jagat-natha-s'', which means "lord of the world".<ref>{{OEtymD|Juggernaut}}</ref>
; [[Jungle]] : through [[Hindi]] जंगल ''jangal'' "a desert, forest"; also Persian جنگل jangal meaning forest; ultimately from Sanskrit जङ्गल ''jangala'', which means "arid".<ref>{{OEtymD|jungle}}</ref>
; [[Jute]] : from Sanskrit जुत ''juta-s'', which means "twisted hair".<ref>{{OEtymD|Jute}}</ref>

==K==
:[[Karma]]
::from Sanskrit {{lang|sa|कर्मन्}}(''karman''); which means "action".<ref>{{OEtymD|Karma}}</ref>
:[[Kedgeree]]
::probably from Sanskrit {{lang|sa|कृशर}}(''krśara'').<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Kedgeree}}</ref>
:[[Kermes (dye)|Kermes]]
::via French {{lang|fr|Kermès}} and Persian {{lang|or|قرمز}}(''qermez''); perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit {{lang|sa|कृमिज}}(''kṛmija''); meaning "worm-made".<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Kermes}}</ref>

==L==
; [[Lac (resin)|Lac]] : through Urdu ''لاکھ'', Persian ''لاک'' and Hindi ''लाख'' ''lakh'' from Prakrit लक्ख ''lakkha'', ultimately from Sanskrit लाक्षा ''lākṣā, meaning lac''.<ref>{{OEtymD|lac}}</ref>
; [[Lacquer]] : through French: Laque and Portuguese: Laca from Arabic لك ''lakk'',लाख in Hindi, via Prakrit ultimately from Sanskrit लक्ष ''lakṣa''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Lacquer}}</ref>
; [[Langur]] : through Hindi लुट ''lut'' probably ultimately from Sanskrit लङ्गूल ''langūla''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Langur}}</ref>
; [[Lilac]] : via Arabic للك ''lilak'' from Persian نیلک ''nilak'' meaning "bluish", ultimately from Sanskrit नील ''nila'', which means "dark blue".<ref>{{Cite MW|Lilac}}</ref>
; [[Looting|Loot]] : ultimately from Sanskrit लुण्टा ''luṇṭā'' or लुण्ठति ''luṇṭhati'' meaning "he steals" through Hindi लूट ''lūṭ'', which means "a booty, stolen thing".<ref>{{OEtymD|loot}}</ref>

==M==
; [[Maharajah]] : through Hindi महाराजा ultimately from Sanskrit महाराजा ''mahā-rājā'', which means "a great king".<ref>{{OEtymD|Maharajah}}</ref>
; [[Maharani]] : through Hindi महारानी finally from Sanskrit महाराज्ञी ''mahārājnī'', which means "consort of a [[maharajah]]".<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Maharani}}</ref>
; [[Maharishi]] : from Sanskrit महर्षि ''maha-rishi'', which means "a great sage".<ref>{{OEtymD|maharishi}}</ref>
; [[Mahatma]] : from Sanskrit महात्मा ''mahatma'', which means "a great breath, soul".<ref>{{OEtymD|mahatma}}</ref>
; [[Mahayana]] : from Sanskrit महायान ''maha-yana'', which means "a great vehicle".<ref>{{OEtymD|Mahayana}}</ref>
; [[Mahout]] : via Hindi माहुत (variant of महावत) ultimately from Sanskrit महामात्रः ''mahāmātrah''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Mahout}}</ref>
; [[Mandala]] : from Sanskrit मण्डल ''mandala'', which means "a disc, circle".<ref>{{OEtymD|Mandala}}</ref>
; [[Mandarin (bureaucrat)|Mandarin]] : via [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] ''mandarim'', [[Dutch language|Dutch]] ''mandarijn'', [[Malay language|Malay]] ''mantri'' or ''menteri'', and Hindi मंत्री ''mantri'' "a councillor" ultimately from Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् ''[[mantri]]'', which means "an advisor".<ref>{{OEtymD|Mandarin}}</ref>
; [[Mantra]] : from Sanskrit मन्त्र ''mantra-s'' which means "a holy message or text".<ref>{{OEtymD|Mantra}}</ref>
; [[Maya (illusion)|Maya]] : from Sanskrit माया ''māyā'', a religious term related with illusion.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Maya}}]</ref>
; [[Moksha]] : from Sanskrit मोक्ष ''moksha'', liberation from the cycle of death and [[Reincarnation|rebirth]].<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/moksha Dictionary.com&nbsp;– Moksha]</ref>
; [[Mugger crocodile|Mugger]] : via Hindi मगर and Urdu مگر ''magar'' ultimately from Sanskrit मकर ''makara'' ("sea creature"), like a crocodile, which attacks stealthily.<ref>{{Cite MW|Mugger}}</ref>
; [[Mung bean]] : through Hindi मुग ''mū̃g'' and [[Pali]]/[[Prakrit]] मुग्ग ''mugga'' ultimately from Sanskrit मुद्ग ''mudga'', a kind of bean.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Mung bean}}</ref>
; [[Musk]] : via [[Middle English]] muske, [[Middle French]] Musc, [[Late Latin]] Muscus and [[Late Greek]] μόσχος ''moskhos'' from Persian موشک ''mushk'', ultimately from Sanskrit मुस्क ''muska'' meaning "a testicle", from a diminutive of मुस ''mus'' ("mouse").<ref>{{OEtymD|musk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite MW|Musk| accessdate=2007-04-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first = Pierre |last = Chantraine | title = Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque | publisher = Klincksieck |year= 1990 | page = 715 | isbn = 2-252-03277-4}}</ref>
; [[Mynah]] : through Hindi मैना ''maina'' ultimately from Sanskrit मदन ''madana-s'', which means "love".<ref>{{OEtymD|mynah}}</ref>

==N==
; [[Nainsook]] :through Hindi नैनसुख ''nainsukh'' ultimately from Sanskrit नयनसुख ''nayana-sukha'', meaning "pleasing to the eyes".<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Nainsook}}</ref>
; [[Spikenard|Nard]] : through Old French ''narde'' and Latin ''nardus'' from Greek νάρδος ''nardos'', perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit नलद ''nalada''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Nard}}</ref>
; [[Narghile]] : through French ''Narguilé'' and Persian نارگيله ''nārghīleh'' ultimately from Sanskrit नारिकेल ''nārikela''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Narghile}}</ref>
; [[wikt:nark|Nark]] : probably from [[Romani language|Romany]] ''nak'' "a nose", via Hindi नाक ''nak'' ultimately from Sanskrit नक्र‌ ''nakra''.<ref>{{OEtymD|nark}}</ref>
; [[Neem]] : through Hindi नीम ''nīm'' ultimately from Sanskrit निम्ब ''nimba'', a kind of tree.<ref name="American Heritage Dictionary&nbsp;– Neem">{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Neem}}</ref>
; [[Nilgai]] : through Hindi नीलगाय ''nīlgāy'' lit., blue cow ultimately from Sanskrit नीलगौ ''nīla-gau'', an [[ox]]-like animal.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Nilgai}}</ref>
; [[Nirvana]] : from Sanskrit निर्वाण ''nirvāṇa'' which means "ascendance, higher state of being, transcendence, state of bliss" literally means "extinction, disappearance".<ref>{{OEtymD|nirvana}}</ref>

==O==
; [[Opal]] : through French ''opalle'' from Latin ''opalus'' from Greek ὀπάλλιος ''opallios'', probably ultimately from Sanskrit उपल ''upala''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Opal}}</ref>
; [[Orange (word)|Orange]] : through [[Old French]] ''orenge'', [[Medieval Latin]] ''orenge'' and [[Italian language|Italian]] ''arancia'' from Arabic نارنج ''naranj'', via Persian نارنگ ''narang'' and Sanskrit नारङ्ग ''naranga-s'' meaning "an orange tree", derived from proto-Dravidian.<ref>{{OEtymD|orange}}</ref>

==P==
; [[wikt:pal#Noun|Pal]] : 1788, from Romany (English Gypsy) pal "brother, comrade", variant of continental Romany ''pral'', ''plal'', ''phral'', probably from Sanskrit bhrata "brother"<ref>{{OEtymD|pal}}</ref>
; [[Palanquin]] : via [[Odia language|Odia]] word ''pālankī'' (Odia:ପାଲଙ୍କି) which is ultimately derived from Sanskrit पल्यङ्क ''palyanka'' which means 'bed' or 'couch'.
; [[Parcheesi]] : 1800, from Hindi pachisi, from pachis "twenty-five" (highest throw of the dice), from Sanskrit ''panca'' "five"<ref>{{OEtymD|parcheesi}}</ref>
; [[Indian long pepper|Pepper]] : Old English ''pipor'', from an early West Germanic borrowing of Latin ''piper'' "pepper", from Greek ''piperi'', probably (via Persian) from Middle Indic ''pippari'', from Sanskrit ''pippali'' "long pepper".<ref>{{OEtymD|pepper}}</ref>
; [[Pandit]] : via Sanskrit पण्डित ''paṇḍita'', meaning "learned one or maestro". Modern Interpretation is a person who offers to mass media their opinion or commentary on a particular subject area.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141129133253/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/pundit?searchDictCode=all Oxford Dictionary&nbsp;– Pundit]</ref>

==R==
; [[Raita (condiment)|Raita]] : ultimately from Sanskrit राजिका ''rājikā'' via Hindi रायता ''rāytā'', a south Asian condiment and side dish made of yogurt and vegetables.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Raita}}</ref>
; [[wikt:Raj|Raj]] : through Hindi राज and [[Pali]]/[[Prakrit]] रज्ज ''rajja'' ultimately from Sanskrit राज्य ''rājya'', which means "a king" or "kingdom". Raj means kingdom or domain of a ruler.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Raj}}</ref>
; [[Raja]]h : through Hindi राज from Sanskrit राजन् ''rājān'', which means "a king".<ref>{{OEtymD|Rajah}}</ref>
; [[Ramtil oil|Ramtil]] : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit रामतिल ''rāmatila'', which means "a dark sesame".<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Ramtil}}</ref>
; [[wikt:Rani|Rani]] : through Hindi रानी ultimately from Sanskrit राज्ञी ''rājnī'', a queen, a consort of a [[raja]]h.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Rani}}</ref>
; [[Rice]] : via Old French ''ris'' and Italian ''riso'' from Latin ''oriza'', which is from Greek ὄρυζα ''oryza'', through an Indo-Iranian tongue finally from Sanskrit व्रीहि ''vrihi'' "rice", ultimately derived from proto-Dravidian ''arisi''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=rice |title = rice {{!}} Etymology, origin and meaning of rice by etymonline}}</ref>
; [[Rupee]] : through Hindi रुपया ''rupiyā'' ultimately from Sanskrit रूप्यक ''rūpyaka'', an Indian silver coin.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Rupee}}</ref>

==S==
; [[Saccharide (disambiguation)|Saccharide]] : via Latin Saccharon and Greek σάκχαρον from Pali सक्खर ''sakkharā'', ultimately from Sanskrit शर्करा ''sarkarā''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Saccharo}}</ref>
; [[Sambal]] : through [[Afrikaans language|Afrikaans]], [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] and Tamil சம்பல் ''campāl'' ultimately from Sanskrit सम्बार ''sambhārei''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Sambal}}</ref>
; [[Sambar Deer|Sambar]] : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit शंबरः ''śambarah'', a kind of [[Asia]]n [[deer]].<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Sambar}}</ref>
; [[Sandalwood]] : via [[Middle English]] ''sandell,'' [[Old French]] ''sandale,'' [[Medieval Latin]] ''sandalum,'' [[Medieval Greek]] σανδάλιον ''sandalion'' (diminutive of σάνδαλον ''sandalon'') and Arabic and Persian صندل; ultimately from Sanskrit चन्दन ''candana'' meaning "wood for burning incense".<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Sandal}}</ref>
; [[Sapphire]] : via [[Old French]] ''saphir,'' [[Latin]] ''sapphirus'' and [[Greek language|Greek]] σάπφειρος ''sappheiros'' from a [[Semitic languages|Semitic]] tongue (cf. [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]: ספיר sapir); possibly the ultimate origin is Sanskrit शनिप्रिय ''sanipriya'' which literally means "sacred to [[Saturn (mythology)|Saturn]] ([[Shani]])".<ref>{{OEtymD|sapphire}}</ref>
; [[Sari]] : through Hindi साड़ी sari and [[Prakrit]] सदि ''sadi'', finally from Sanskrit सति ''sati'' "garment".<ref>{{Cite MW|Sari}}</ref>
; [[Shampoo]] : via [[Anglo-Indian]] ''shampoo'' and Hindi चाँपो ''champo'' from Sanskrit चपयति ''capayati'', which means "kneads".<ref>{{OEtymD|shampoo}}</ref>
; [[Shawl]] : from Persian شال ''shal'', finally from Sanskrit शाटी ''śāṭī'', which means "a strip of cloth".<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Shawl}}</ref>
; [[Singapore]] : via Malay ''Singapura'' ultimately from Sanskrit सिंहपुर ''simhapura'', literally "the lion city".<ref>{{OEtymD|Singapore}}</ref>
; [[Sri Lanka]] : from Sanskrit: श्री लंका which means "venerable island". It is said that Shree or Lakshmi, the Goddess of wealth, resides there.
; [[Sugar]] : through Old French ''sucre,'' [[Italian language|Italian]] ''zucchero,'' Medieval Latin ''succarum'', Arabic: سكر ''sukkar'' and Persian: شکر ''shakar'' ultimately from Sanskrit शर्करा ''śarkara'' which means "ground or candied sugar" (originally "grit" or "gravel").<ref>{{OEtymD|sugar}}</ref>
; [[Crotalaria juncea|Sunn]] : via Hindi: सुन्न ultimately from Sanskrit: सन ''sāna'', a kind of Asian plant.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Sunn}}</ref>
; [[Swami]] : through Hindi स्वामी ''swami'' ultimately from Sanskrit स्वामी ''svami'', which means "a master".<ref>{{OEtymD|swami}}</ref>
; [[Swastika]] : from Sanskrit स्वस्तिक ''svastika'', a religious symbol associated rituals and divination. Swastika means "one associated with well-being, a lucky charm".<ref>{{OEtymD|Swastika}}</ref>

==T==
; [[Taka]] : via [[Maithili language|Maithili]] and [[Bengali language|Bengali]] : টাকা from Sanskrit टङ्क ''tanka''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|taka}}</ref>
; [[Talipot palm|Talipot]] : through Hindi, Indonesian and Malay ''talipat'' from Sanskrit तालपत्र ''tālapatra'', a kind of [[palm (plant)|palm]].<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Talipot}}</ref>
; [[Water tank|Tank]] : a word originally brought by the Portuguese from India, from a Hindi source, such as Gujarati ''tankh'' "cistern, underground reservoir for water", Marathi ''tanken'', or tanka "reservoir of water, tank". Perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit ''tadaga'' "pond, lake pool", and reinforced in later sense of "large artificial container for liquid".<ref>{{OEtymD|tank}}</ref>
; [[Diospyros melanoxylon|Tendu]] : via Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit तैन्दुक ''tainduka''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Tendu}}</ref>
; [[Teapoy]] : via [[Hindi]] तिपाई ''tipāi'' and [[Urdu]] تپائي ''tipāʼī,''which originated as a Sanskrit compound: त्रि (trí, "three") and पाद (pā́da, "foot").<ref>{{Cite MW|Teapoy}}</ref>
; [[wikt:thug|Thug]] : through [[Marathi language|Marathi]] ठग ''thag'' probably ultimately from Sanskrit स्थग ''sthaga'', which means "a scoundrel".<ref>{{OEtymD|thug}}</ref>
; [[Ocotea foetens|Til]] : from Sanskrit तिलः ''tilah'', a kind of plant.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Til}}</ref>
; [[Palm wine|Toddy]] : through Hindi तरी ''tari'' ultimately from Sanskrit तल ''tala-s'', a Dravidian origin is also probable.<ref>{{OEtymD|toddy}}</ref>
; [[Toona|Toon]] : through Hindi तुन ''tūn'' ultimately from Sanskrit तुन्न ''tunna'', a kind of tree.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Toon}}</ref>
; [[wikt:tope|Tope]] : through Hindi टॉप ''ṭop'' probably from Prakrit थुपो ''thūpo'', finally from Sanskrit स्तूप ''stūpa''.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Tussah}}</ref>
; [[Tutty]] : through Middle English ''tutie,'' Old French, Medieval Latin ''tūtia,'' Arabic توتي ''tūtiyā,'' and Persian توتیا ultimately from Sanskrit तुत्थ ''tuttha'' meaning "blue vitriol", a Dravidian origin is also probable.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Tutty}}</ref>

==V==
:[[Veena|Vina]]
::ultimately from Sanskrit {{lang|sa|वीणा}}(''vīṇā'') through Hindi {{lang|hi|वीणा}}(''vīṇā''); referring to a kind of musical instrument.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Vina}}</ref>

==W==
:[[Wanderoo]]
::through {{lang|si|වන්ඩෙරූ}} ({{Transliteration|si|vanḍerū}}) finally from Sanskrit {{lang|sa|वानर}}(''vānara''), meaning a kind of monkey.<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Wanderoo}}</ref>

==Y==
:[[Yoga]]
::through Sanskrit {{lang|sa|योग}}(''yoga-s''), which means "yoke, union".<ref>{{OEtymD|Yoga}}</ref>
:[[Yogi]]
::through [[Hindi]] {{lang|hi|योगी}}(''yogi'') from Sanskrit {{lang|sa|योगी}}(''yogi''); meaning one who practices yoga or [[ascetic]].<ref>{{OEtymD|Yogi}}</ref>

==Z==
:[[Zen]]
::through [[Japanese language|Japanese]] 禅 and [[Chinese language|Chinese]] 禪 ''Chán'' ultimately from Pali {{lang|hi|झान}}(''[[jhāna]]'') and Sanskrit {{lang|sa|ध्यान}} (''[[Dhyāna in Buddhism|dhyana]]''), which means "a meditation".<ref>{{OEtymD|Zen}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Greater India]]
* [[Hobson-Jobson]]
* [[Indianization]]
* [[Indo-European vocabulary]]
* [[Indian English]]
* [[List of Hindu deities]]
* [[Lists of English words by country or language of origin]]
* [[Sanskritization]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/d/sanskrit Sanskrit] in Freedictionary.com
*[http://learnsanskrit.cc Sanskrit] Dictionary containing terms of modern Spoken Sanskrit

{{English words of foreign origin}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of English Words Of Sanskrit Origin}}
[[Category:Lists of English words of foreign origin|Sanskrit]]
[[Category:Lists of English words of Indian origin|Sanskrit]]

[[da:Danske ords etymologi]]