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Template:Automated track-bound traffic Template:Merge from This is a list of driverless train systems, which are capable of GoA3 and GoA4 (GoA3+) according to the Grade of Automation classifications specified by the standard IEC 62290‐1. These are explained diagrammatically by the UITP. This list focuses heavily on trains in the classical sense used for large-scale railways for passengers and freight but does include a few people mover systems. For a similar list for GoA2, see list of semi-automatic train systems.

Grade-of-Automation 3 systems

These systems are capable of driverless train operation (DTO), although some operators may choose to staff trains anyway.

GoA3 – Americas

Whereas Docklands Light Railway trains are driverless and do not have a separate cab, there is provision for manual operation
Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Template:Flagicon Brazil Salvador Metro Line 1 Template:Dts SelTrac[1] Template:Efn
Line 2 Template:Dts
São Paulo Metro Line 3 (Red) 10 March 1979 ATO Template:Efn
Template:Flagicon United States Walt Disney World Monorail System 2016 SelTrac

GoA3 – Asia

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Template:Flagicon China (Mainland) Beijing Subway Capital Airport Express 19 July 2008 Alstom Urbalis 400
Shanghai Pudong Airport APM 16 September 2019 FITSCO JeRail
Shanghai Metro Line 5 June 2018 Thales, Shanghai Electric TSTCBTC2.0 Initially operated in GoA1 (Manual operation) Template:Efn[2]
Line 17 30 December 2017 CASCO TRANAVI [3]
Wuhan Metro Yangluo line 26 December 2017 CASCO [4]
Template:Flagicon Indonesia Soekarno–Hatta Airport Skytrain 2020 SiLSafe 5000 Template:Efn
Template:Flagicon Japan Disney Resort Line 27 July 2001
Template:Flagicon Pakistan Lahore Metro Orange Line 25 October 2020 CASCO (Alstom)
Template:Flagicon Singapore Sentosa Express November 2017 Hitachi Moving Block Wireless CBTC

GoA3 – Europe

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Template:Flagicon Bulgaria Sofia Metro Line 3 26 August 2020 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC [5]
Template:Flagicon Hungary Budapest Metro Line 2 2013 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC Template:Efn
Template:Flagicon Spain Barcelona Metro Line 11 2009 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Template:Flagicon Turkey Istanbul Metro Line M11 22 January 2023 Aselsan [6]
Template:Flagicon United Kingdom Docklands Light Railway 31 August 1987 SelTrac Template:Efn

Grade-of-Automation 4 systems

These systems are capable of unattended train operation (UTO), although some operators may choose to staff trains anyway.

GoA4 – Americas

File:GTAA LINK train clip.JPG
GTAA LINK

Template:Clear

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Template:Flagicon Brazil Porto Alegre Metro Metro-Airport Connection 10 August 2013 Aeromovel
São Paulo Metro Line 1 (Blue) 3 July 2022 Alstom Urbalis CBTC [7]
Line 2 (Green) 2 March 2020
Line 3 (Red) December 2022 (Under Conversion)
Line 4 (Yellow) 25 May 2010 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC First completely driverless metro line in Latin America.[8]
Line 5 (Lilac) 12 March 2017 Bombardier CITYFLO 650 Template:Efn
Line 15 (Silver) 30 August 2014 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Template:Flagicon Canada LINK Train 6 July 2006 DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
SkyTrain Expo Line 11 December 1985 SelTrac The longest driverless network in the Americas, at 79.6Template:Nbspkm.[9]
Millennium Line 7 January 2002
Canada Line 17 August 2009
REM (Réseau Express Metropolitain) 31 July 2023 (Under Construction) Alstom Metropolis
Template:Flagicon Chile Santiago Metro Line 3 22 January 2019 SelTrac
Line 6 2 November 2017
Template:Flagicon Mexico Aerotrén Template:Dts DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Template:Flagicon United States AeroTrain 20 January 2010 SelTrac
Airport Transit System 6 May 1993 VAL system
AirTrain JFK 17 December 2003 SelTrac
AirTrain Newark 31 May 1996 SelTrac
AirTrain SFO 24 February 2003 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Aria Express 1 December 2009 DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Bay Area Rapid Transit BART to OAK line 22 November 2014 DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Cincinnati Airport People Mover 9 June 1994 Otis Hovair
Detroit People Mover 31 July 1987 SelTrac
DFW Skylink 21 May 2005 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
DIA Automated Guideway Transit 28 February 1995 Bombardier CITYFLO 550
ExpressTram 24 February 2002 Otis Hovair
George Bush Intercontinental Airport People Movers Skyway 24 May 1999 Bombardier CITYFLO 550
Subway Template:Dts WEDway Template:Efn
Getty Center Tram Template:Dts Otis Hovair
Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport People Movers The Plane Train 21 September 1980 Bombardier CITYFLO 550
ATL Skytrain 8 December 2009
Skyline (Honolulu) June 30 2023 Hitachi Rail Italy Driverless Metro / DTG [10]
Huntsville Hospital Tram System 19 June 2002 Otis Hovair
Jacksonville Skyway Template:Dts SelTrac
Las Vegas Monorail Template:Dts SelTrac
Mandalay Bay Tram 9 April 1999 DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
McCarran International Airport Automated People Movers Green Line Template:Dts Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Blue Line Template:Dts
Red Line Template:Dts
Memphis Suspension Railway Template:Dts
Miami International Airport People Movers MIA e Train Template:Dts MiniMetro Template:Efn
Skytrain 15 September 2010 Mitsubishi Crystal Mover
MIA Mover 9 September 2011
Miami Metromover 17 April 1986 Bombardier CITYFLO 550
Minneapolis–St. Paul Airport Trams Hub Tram 3 April 2001 Otis Hovair
'C' Concourse People Mover 5 May 2004
Morgantown Personal Rapid Transit Template:Dts
Orlando International Airport People Movers Airside systems Template:Dts Mitsubishi Crystal Mover
Intermodal Terminal system Template:Dts
PHX Sky Train 8 April 2013 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Pittsburgh International Airport People Mover 1 October 1992 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Satellite Transit System Template:Dts Bombardier CITYFLO 650
SMF Automated People Mover 6 October 2011 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Tampa International Airport People Movers Airside systems 1971 Bombardier CITYFLO 550
Monorail Template:Dts
SkyConnect Template:Dts Mitsubishi Crystal Mover
Navajo Mine Railroad GE E60 electric locomotives Template:Efn
Template:Flagicon Venezuela Cabletren Bolivariano 14 August 2013 DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car

GoA4 – Asia

File:Delhi Metro - Magenta Line.jpg
A Magenta Line Train waiting at a station in Delhi

Template:Clear

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Template:Flagicon China (Mainland) Beijing Capital International Airport Terminal 3 People Mover March 2008 Bombardier CITYFLO 550
Beijing Subway Line 11 31 December 2021
Line 17
Line 19
Yanfang line 30 December 2017 BTCT [11]
Daxing Airport Express Template:Dts [12]
Chengdu Metro Line 9 18 December 2020 Alstom Urbalis 400 [13]
Chongqing Rail Transit Bishan rubber-tyred tram 16 April 2021 BYD SkyShuttle
Jinan Metro Line 2 26 March 2021 [14]
Guangzhou Metro APM Line 8 November 2010 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Nanjing Metro Line 7 28 December 2022 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC [15][16]
Nanning Metro Line 5 16 December 2021 [17]
Ningbo Rail Transit Line 5 28 December 2021 [18]
Shanghai Metro Line 10 10 April 2010 Alstom/CASCO Urbalis 888[19] Initially operated in GoA2 and GoA3, transitioned to GoA4 in 2020[20]
Line 14 30 December 2021 Thales, Shanghai Electric TSTCBTC2.0 Template:Efn[21][2]
Line 15 23 January 2021 Alstom Urbalis 400 [22]
Line 18 26 December 2020
Pujiang line 31 March 2018 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Shenzhen Metro Line 6 Branch 28 November 2022
Line 12
Line 14 28 October 2022 BTCT [23]
Line 16 28 December 2022 CASCO Urbalis 888 [24]
Line 20 28 December 2021 [25]
Suzhou Rail Transit Line 5 29 June 2021 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC [26]
Line 11 24 June 2023 CASCO Urbalis 888 [27]
Taiyuan Metro Line 2 26 December 2020
Tianjin Metro Line 8 28 December 2021 [28]
Line 10 18 November 2022
Wuhan Metro Line 5 26 December 2021 [29]
Wuhu Rail Transit Line 1 3 November 2021
Line 2 28 December 2021
Xi'an Metro Line 16 27 June 2023 CASCO Urbalis 888 [30]
Xi'an Qujiang Sightseeing Monorail Template:Dts
Template:Flagicon Hong Kong Hong Kong International Airport Automated People Mover 6 July 1998 SelTrac
MTR Disneyland Resort line 1 August 2005 SelTrac Most trains have an attendant on board
South Island line (East) 28 December 2016 Alstom Urbalis 400 All trains have an attendant on board[31]
Template:Flagicon India Delhi Metro Pink Line 14 March 2018 Bombardier CITYFLO 650 Template:Convert. Initially with an attendant on board [32]
Magenta Line 25 December 2017 Nippon Signal SPARCS Initially with an attendant on board
Grey Line 4 October 2019 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Mumbai Metro Line 2 2 April 2022
Line 7
Template:Flagicon Japan Kanazawa Seaside Line 5 July 1989
Kobe New Transit Port Island Line 5 February 1981 World's first GoA4 line
Rokkō Island Line 21 February 1990
Linimo 6 March 2005 World's first unmanned maglev
Osaka Metro Nanko Port Town Line 20 October 1991 Previously used GoA2 from 1981 to 1991
Skyrail Midorizaka Line 28 August 1998 People Mover monorail
Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation Nippori-Toneri Liner 30 March 2008
Wing Shuttle 4 September 1994
Yurikamome 1 November 1995 Mitsubishi Crystal Mover
Template:Flagicon Macau Macau Light Rapid Transit Taipa Line 10 December 2019 [33]
Template:Flagicon Malaysia KLIA Aerotrain 1998 Bombardier CITYFLO 550
Rapid KL Kelana Jaya Line 1 September 1998 SelTrac The first GoA4 in Malaysia, at Template:Convert
Kajang Line 16 December 2016 Bombardier CITYFLO 650 The second GoA4, at Template:Convert
Ampang Line Template:Dts SelTrac Template:Efn
Sri Petaling Line
Putrajaya Line 16 June 2022 Bombardier CITYFLO 650 The fifth GoA4 and the longest in Malaysia, at Template:Convert
Melaka Monorail 4 December 2017
Template:Flagicon Pakistan Lahore Metro Orange Line 25 October 2020 CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive The first driverless metro in Pakistan.
Template:Flagicon Qatar Doha Metro Red Line 8 May 2019 SelTrac
Green Line 10 December 2019
Gold Line 21 November 2019
Hamad International Airport Shuttle 2014 DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Template:Flagicon Saudi Arabia Princess Nora bint Abdul Rahman University Automated People Mover 2012 AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG [34]
Template:Flagicon Singapore Changi Airport Skytrain Template:Dts Kyosan APM Template:Efn
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) Bukit Panjang LRT line 6 November 1999 Bombardier CITYFLO 550
Sengkang LRT line 18 January 2003 Kyosan APM
Punggol LRT line 29 January 2005
Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore) North East MRT line 20 June 2003 Alstom Urbalis 300 Template:EfnTemplate:Efn
Circle MRT line 28 May 2009
Downtown MRT line 22 December 2013 Siemens Trainguard Sirius CBTC
North South MRT line Template:Dts[35] Thales Seltrac® Convergence CBTC[36]
East West MRT line 18 June 2017 (Tuas West extension)
28 May 2018 (whole line)[35]
Thomson–East Coast MRT line 31 January 2020[37] Alstom Urbalis 400
Template:Flagicon South Korea Busan-Gimhae Light Rail Transit 9 September 2011 SelTrac
Busan Metro Line 4 30 March 2011
Daegu Metro Line 3 23 April 2015
Incheon Airport Maglev 3 February 2016
Incheon Airport Shuttle train 20 June 2008
Incheon Subway Line 2 30 July 2016 SelTrac
Seoul Light Rapid Transit U Line 1 July 2012 VAL system
Everline 26 April 2013 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Ui LRT 2 September 2017
Gimpo Goldline 28 September 2019 Nippon Signal SPARCS
Sillim Line 28 May 2022
Seoul Metropolitan Subway Shinbundang Line 28 October 2011 SelTrac
Wolmi Sea Train 8 October 2019 Urbanaut
Template:Flagicon Taiwan Taichung Metro Green Line 25 April 2021 Alstom Urbalis 400
Taipei Metro Wenhu Line 28 March 1996 Bombardier CITYFLO 650 Template:EfnTemplate:Efn
Circular Line 31 January 2020 AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC Currently operated with attendant on-board [34]
Taoyuan International Airport Skytrain 18 January 2003
Template:Flagicon Thailand BTS Skytrain Gold Line 16 December 2020 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
MRT (Bangkok) Yellow Line 3 June 2023
Template:Flagicon Turkey Istanbul Metro Line M5 15 September 2017 Bombardier CITYFLO 650 Template:Efn[38]
Line M8 6 January 2023 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Template:Flagicon United Arab Emirates Dubai International Airport Automated People Mover Terminal 1 APM 2016
Terminal 3 APM January 2013
Dubai Metro Red Line 9 September 2009 SelTrac Template:Efn
Green Line 9 September 2011
Palm Jumeirah Monorail 30 April 2009

GoA4 – Europe

File:VAL 206 M1 1984.jpg
The Lille Metro is operated using fully automated rubber-tyred VAL vehicles
Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Template:Flagicon Denmark Copenhagen Metro Line M1 19 October 2002 AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG [34]
Line M2
Line M3 29 September 2019 AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC
Line M4 28 March 2020
Template:Flagicon France CDGVAL Line 1 3 April 2007 VAL system
Line 2 27 June 2007
Lille Metro Line A 25 April 1983 VAL system First line to use the VAL system
Line B 1 April 1989
Lyon Metro Line B 25 June 2022 Alstom Urbalis 400 Template:EfnTemplate:Efn
Line D 11 December 1992
Orlyval 2 October 1991 VAL system
Paris Metro Line 1 3 November 2011 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC Template:Efn
Line 4 12 September 2022 (first GoA4 shuttle)
Template:Dts (Full conversion)		 Older manual GoA2 trains are progressively being replaced by GoA4 fully automated shuttles
Line 14 15 October 1998
Rennes Metro Line A 15 March 2002 VAL system
Line B 20 September 2022
Toulouse Metro Line A 26 June 1993 VAL system
Line B 30 June 2007
Template:Flagicon Germany Dortmund H-Bahn 2 May 1984 SIPEM
Düsseldorf Airport SkyTrain 1 July 2002 SIPEM
Munich Airport Satellite Terminal Shuttle Train 2016 Bombardier CITYFLO 650 [39]
Nuremberg U-Bahn Line U2 2 January 2010 Template:Efn
Line U3 14 June 2008
SkyLine 1994 VAL system
Template:Flagicon Hungary Budapest Metro Line 4 28 March 2014 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC [40]
Template:Flagicon Italy Brescia Metro 2 March 2013 AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG [34]
Marconi Express 18 November 2020 Intamin People Mover P30 [41]
Milan Metro Line 4 26 November 2022 AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC [34]
Line 5 10 February 2013 AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG
Pisa Mover 2017 MiniMetro
Rome Metro Line C 9 November 2014 AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG [34]
SkyBridge 1999
Turin Metro Line M1 4 February 2006 VAL system Template:Efn
Venice People Mover 19 April 2010 DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Template:Flagicon Russia Automated Passenger Transportation System June 2018 DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Template:Flagicon Spain Barcelona Metro Line 9 13 December 2009 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC Template:Convert
Line 10 10 April 2010
Madrid Barajas Airport People Mover December 2005 Bombardier CITYFLO 550
Template:Flagicon Switzerland Lausanne Metro Line M2 27 October 2008 Alstom Urbalis 300
Skymetro September 2003 Otis Hovair
Template:Flagicon Turkey Istanbul Metro Line M7 28 October 2020 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Template:Flagicon United Kingdom AirRail Link 7 March 2003 DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Gatwick Airport Shuttle Transit Template:Dts Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Heathrow Terminal 5 Transit Template:Dts Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Stansted Airport Transit System Template:Dts Bombardier CITYFLO 550

GoA4 – Oceania

File:SydneyMetroDriverlessTrain.jpg
Sydney Metro Alstom Metropolis
Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Template:Flagicon Australia Pilbara railways Rio Tinto iron ore trains from Roy Hill 28 December 2018 Hitachi AutoHaul Template:Efn
Sydney Metro North West Line 26 May 2019 Alstom Urbalis 400 Template:Efn

Future systems

Americas

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Template:Flagicon Brazil Manaus Monorail SelTrac
São Paulo Metro Line 6 Template:Dts Nippon Signal SPARCS Template:Efn[42]
Line 17 Template:Dts SelTrac [43][44]
Template:Flagicon Chile Santiago Metro Line 7 Template:Dts SelTrac
Line 8
Line 9
Template:Flagicon Peru Lima Metro Line 2 Template:Dts AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC [34]
Line 4 Template:Dts

Asia

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Template:Flagicon China (Mainland) Beijing Subway Line 3 Template:Dts [45]
Line 12 Template:Dts
Line 22 Template:Dts
Line 28 Template:Dts
Fuzhou Metro Line 4 Template:Dts
Guangzhou Metro Line 10 Template:Dts CARS MTC-1 [46]
Line 11
Line 12 [46]
Qingdao Metro Line 6 Template:Dts [47]
Shanghai Metro Line 19 Template:Dts
Line 20 Template:Dts
Line 21 Template:Dts
Line 23 Template:Dts
Shenzhen Metro Line 13 Template:Dts-2024 [48][49][50]
Suzhou Rail Transit Line 6 Template:Dts
Line 7
Line 8
Zhengzhou Metro Line 10 Template:Dts
Line 12 [51]
Zhengxu Line
Template:Flagicon India Mumbai Metro Line 3 Template:Dts
Line 4 Template:Dts
Line 5
Line 6
Line 8
Line 9
Line 10 Template:Dts
Line 11
Line 12
Line 13
Line 14 Template:Dts
Navi Mumbai Metro Line 1 Template:Dts Ansaldo STS CBTC
Namma Metro Yellow Line Template:Dts
Pink Line Template:Dts
Template:Flagicon Indonesia Greater Jakarta LRT LRT Line 1 2023 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC Template:Efn[52][53]
LRT Line 2
LRT Line 3
Template:Flagicon Malaysia Rapid KL Shah Alam Line Template:Dts Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Template:Flagicon Malaysia /

Template:Flagicon Singapore

RTS Link Template:Dts
Template:Flagicon Singapore Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore) Jurong Region Line Template:Dts-2029 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC [54]
Cross Island Line Template:Dts-2032 [55]
Template:Flagicon South Korea Busan Metro Line 5 Template:Dts
Seoul Light Rapid Transit Dongbuk Line Template:Dts
Template:Flagicon Taiwan New Taipei Metro Sanying Line Template:Dts AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC [34]
Taoyuan Metro Green Line Template:Dts Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Template:Flagicon Thailand MRT (Bangkok) Orange Line Template:Dts
Pink Line Template:Dts Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Template:Flagicon Turkey Istanbul Metro Line M12 Template:Dts Bombardier CITYFLO 650 Template:Efn
Line M13
Line M14 Template:Dts Bombardier CITYFLO 650 Template:Efn
İzmir Metro Üçyol-Çamlıkule Line Template:Dts

Europe

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Template:Flagicon Czech Republic Prague Metro Line D
Template:Flagicon France Paris Métro Line 13 Template:Dts–2027 Template:Efn
Line 15 Template:Dts–2026 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line 16
Line 17
Line 18 Template:Dts-2027 Alstom Urbalis Fluence
Toulouse Metro Toulouse Aerospace Express Template:Dts Alstom Urbalis Fluence
Marseille Metro Line 1 2026 Alstom Urbalis 400 Template:Efn
Line 2 2025
Template:Flagicon Greece Athens Metro Line 4 Template:Dts Alstom Urbalis 400
Thessaloniki Metro Line 1 2023 AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC
Line 2
Template:Flagicon Ireland MetroLink (Dublin) 2035
Template:Flagicon United Kingdom Glasgow Subway 2023 Hitachi Rail STS CBTC Template:Efn

Oceania

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Template:Flagicon Australia Sydney Metro Sydney Metro West Template:Dts Alstom Urbalis 400
Western Sydney Airport line Template:Dts

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

  1. ↑ Thales Awarded Signalling Contract for News Salvador Metro. Thales Group. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 上海5号线TSTCBTC®2.0信号系统成功通过载客运营考核评审 – TST. www.thalessec.com.cn. Retrieved 2021-03-02.
  3. ↑ 卡斯柯100%全自主信号护航 上海轨道交通17号线开通载客运营. www.casco.com.cn. Retrieved 2019-09-10.
  4. ↑ 武汉地铁进入全自动驾驶时代 5号线有望"尝鲜". Chutian Metropolis Daily. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
  5. ↑ Sofia metro line 3 to open in October 2019. The Sofia Globe. Retrieved 2019-07-04.
  6. ↑ İstanbul Airport metro opens. Rail Turkey. Retrieved 2023-07-09.
  7. ↑ Relatório de Empreendimentos - Julho/2022. Metrô. Retrieved 20 September 2022.
  8. ↑ ViaQuatro ganha Prêmio UITP Latino.
  9. ↑ Evergreen Extension opening today.
  10. ↑ 'Skyline' Opens in Honolulu. Retrieved 2023-07-01.
  11. ↑ Template:Cite magazine
  12. ↑ 建设运营 北京地铁大兴机场线下月底开通. Retrieved 2022-10-15.
  13. ↑ Chengdu driverless metro contracts awarded. Metro Report. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  14. ↑ 明日暂不通车！济南地铁2号线预计3月下旬开始初期运营, 新浪新闻综合. news.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 2021-12-29.
  15. ↑ 西门子交通扩大在华城轨全自动运行信号系统市场_ · 西门子. www.sohu.com. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  16. ↑ 新闻稿 | 新闻 | 西门子中国. w1.siemens.com.cn. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  17. ↑ 南宁地铁5号线开通！华南地区首条全自动运行地铁. gx.people.com.cn. Retrieved 2021-12-30.
  18. ↑ 宁波轨道交通5号线一期12月28日10点开通运营. www.bl.gov.cn. Retrieved 2021-12-30.
  19. ↑ Urbalis 888国产化列车运行控制系统解决方案. Retrieved 2021-06-06.
  20. ↑ 上海地铁10号线列车驾驶室接连拆除，发生了什么？. sh.people.com.cn. Retrieved 2021-06-06.
  21. ↑ 上海地铁14、15、18号线将全部采用无人驾驶. Kanxsw.com. Retrieved 2018-11-03.
  22. ↑ 上海轨道交通14、15、18号线将全部实现无人驾驶. 上海国际轨道交通展览会. Retrieved 2020-04-21.
  23. ↑ 地铁14号线将采用无人驾驶 项目预计2022年竣工_龙岗新闻网. ilonggang.sznews.com. Retrieved 2018-08-13.
  24. ↑ Winning three bids in a row! CASCO continues to be the front-runner of the industry. CASCO Signal Ltd.. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  25. ↑ CASCO Wins the Bids for Shenzhen Metro Line 20 Phase I and Nantong Rail Transit Line 2 Phase I. CASCO Signal Ltd.. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  26. ↑ Siemens Mobility to install CBTC system on two Chinese metro lines. Railway Pro. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  27. ↑ Winning three bids in a row! CASCO continues to be the front-runner of the industry. CASCO Signal Ltd.. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  28. ↑ 天津地铁首条全自动运行线路开通 智慧车站示范站亮相津门, 中国新闻网. finance.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 2021-12-29.
  29. ↑ "武汉造"全自动无人驾驶地铁列车来啦！不设驾驶室，还有这些"高精尖"_首页武汉_新闻中心_长江网_cjn.cn. news.cjn.cn. Retrieved 2021-12-30.
  30. ↑ 卡斯柯中标西安地铁16号线一期！为西北首条GoA4级全自动无人驾驶线路. CASCO. Retrieved 2023-07-10.
  31. ↑ 南港島線無人駕駛列車 職員長駐隨時應急. 東方日報 Oriental Daily. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
  32. ↑ South Delhi-Noida direct Metro connectivity by August. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  33. ↑ Taipa line of the Macau light railway starts operating. Macauhub. Retrieved 2019-12-31.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 34.5 34.6 34.7 LA LINEA M4 DI MILANO: APPROFONDIAMO GLI ASPETTI TECNICI L'evoluzione del sistema di automazione dalla M5 alla M4, evoluzione e non rivoluzione. CIFI. Collegio Ingegneri Ferroviari Italiani. Retrieved 2022-03-13. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":7" defined multiple times with different content
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 All MRT lines now on new signalling system. The Straits Times. Retrieved 2019-07-06.
  36. ↑ doors open and close automatically under the new system-Gov.sg. gov.sg. Retrieved February 9, 2018.Template:Dead link
  37. ↑ First three stations of Thomson-East Coast Line to begin service on Jan 31; free travel for commuters for three days. The Straits Times. Retrieved 2019-12-31.
  38. ↑ Erdoğan opens first driverless metro line in Istanbul. Metro Report. Retrieved 2017-12-23.
  39. ↑ Munich Airport streaks ahead of Berlin with driverless trains. www.thelocal.de. Retrieved 2019-10-11.
  40. ↑ Railway Gazette International May 2014, pg 15.
  41. ↑ Marconi Express 2020 in Operation. Intamin Transportation. Retrieved 2022-03-13.
  42. ↑ Grupo brasileiro assume 15% na concessão da Linha 6 do Metrô e governo de SP admite novo atraso nas obras. G1. Retrieved 4 July 2019.
  43. ↑ Monotrilho da Linha 17 Ouro somente em 2021, Fernando Galfo. Ferroviando. Retrieved 2019-07-06.
  44. ↑ DefesaNet - Tecnologia - THALES - Fornecerá Tecnologia sem Condutor à Linha 17-Ouro do Metrô de SP. www.defesanet.com.br. Retrieved 2019-07-06.
  45. ↑ 北京6条地铁线将实现无人驾驶 首先将用于燕房线. People's Daily. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 三条地铁新线将全自动运行, sina_mobile. tech.sina.cn. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  47. ↑ 青岛地铁6号线列车自主运行系统（TACS）完成首列样车试验线测试. 上海国际轨道交通展览会. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  48. ↑ 深圳地铁四期采用"无人驾驶"5、9号线二期将在年内投入运营_深圳新闻网. www.sznews.com. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  49. ↑ 深圳地铁四期工程将全面推广无人驾驶_深圳新闻网. www.sznews.com. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  50. ↑ 深圳地铁迎来"无人驾驶"时代 将配"全自动运行系统", sina_mobile. shenzhen.sina.cn. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  51. ↑ 郑州地铁12号线最新消息来了！可实现无人驾驶_经开区. www.sohu.com. Retrieved 2021-03-20.
  52. ↑ Pakai Teknologi Jerman, LRT Jabodebek Bisa Jalan Tanpa Masinis. detikfinance. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
  53. ↑ Uji Coba Sistem Persinyalan LRT Jabodebek Berjalan Mulus | PT Len Industri (Persero)(4 November 2020). Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  54. ↑ Jurong Region Line to serve NTU, Tengah estate, Jurong Industrial Estate. CNA. Retrieved 2019-07-03.
  55. ↑ First phase of Cross Island Line to open by 2029 with 12 stations. CNA. Retrieved 2019-07-03.
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