A Legislative Assembly election was held in Manipur on 4 March and 8 March 2017 to elect the 60 members of the Manipur Legislative Assembly.[1][2] before the expiration of the term of the previous Assembly on 18 March 2017.[3] The election was fought mainly on the issues of "territorial integrity of Manipur" and the Naga peace accord.[4] The incumbent Indian National Congress lost majority. The Bharatiya Janata Party, which won 21 seats, formed the government with the support of allies.Template:Sfnp
Background
Prior to 2017, Indian National Congress had been in power for 15 years. In the 2012 election, Congress had won 42 seats and re-elected Okram Ibobi Singh as the chief minister.[5][6] In 2014, the Manipur State Congress Party, with its five Members of Legislative Assembly, merged with Congress, further increasing its tally.[7]
Despite this apparent strength, the Congress government was beset with problems. In 2015, it yielded to pressures from the Inner Line Permit System movement and passed three bills in the Legislative Assembly to regulate migrants. The tribal communities dubbed them as "anti-tribal bills" and protested. Nine tribals were killed in police firing, and eight bodies were still lying in the morgue as the state went to the polls.[8]
In 2016, N. Biren Singh, who had been denied a ministerial berth in the Ibobi Singh government, revolted against Ibobi Singh along with 25 other legislators. The Congress high command tried to mollify him, by changing the state unit president, appointing Singh as the vice-president and party spokesperson. But the dissidents again grew unhappy with the home minister's lackadaisical treatment of the NSCN-IM (Naga militant group). In October 2016, Biren Singh resigned from the party as well as the Legislative Assembly, and joined the BJP. He was appointed as the party spokesperson and co-convenor of the election committee.[8]
In November 2016, the Ibobi Singh government took the decision to create two new districts, Jiribam and Kangpokpi. The latter had been a longstanding demanding of the Kuki-Zo tribals that dominate the region. However, the Nagas were miffed that their ancestral land had been bifurcated, and imposed a blockade along the two highways that lead into the Imphal Valley. This caused a shortage of essential commodities in the Valley and prices shot up.[9][10]
At the national level, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) was in power along with its National Democratic Alliance (NDA) partners. The BJP had also created North-East Democratic Alliance (NEDA) in the Northeastern states. Its partners included the National People's Party (NPP), Naga People's Front (NPF), Lok Janshakti Party (LJP). and Janata Dal (United).
Parties contested
Campaigning
Polling
Voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT) machines were used along with Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) in four assembly constituencies in Manipur.[11]
Opinion polls
| Polling firm/Link | Date | BJP | INC | NPF | AITC | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color;"| | style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color;"| | style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color;"| | style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color;"| | |||
| Axis - India Today[12] | Oct 2016 | 40-45 (48) | 7-8 (10) | 3-5 (5) | 00 | 00 |
Results
Results were declared on 11 March 2017.[13]
 | ||||||||
| Parties and coalitions | Popular vote | Seats | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Won | +/− | ||||
| style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| | Indian National Congress (INC) | 582,056 | 35.1 | Template:Decrease6.9 | 28 | Template:Decrease19 | ||
| style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| | Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) | 601,539 | 36.3 | Template:Increase34.2 | 21 | Template:Increase21 | ||
| style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| | Naga People's Front (NPF) | 118,850 | 7.2 | Template:Decrease0.3 | 4 | Template:Steady | ||
| style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| | National People's Party (NPP) | 83,744 | 5.1 | Template:Increase3.9 | 4 | Template:Increase4 | ||
| style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| | Independents | 83,834 | 5.1 | Template:Increase1.8 | 1 | Template:Increase1 | ||
| style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| | Lok Janshakti Party (LJP) | 42,263 | 2.5 | Template:Increase1.9 | 1 | Template:Steady | ||
| style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| | All India Trinamool Congress (AITC) | 23,384 | 1.4 | Template:Decrease15.6 | 1 | Template:Decrease4 | ||
| None of the Above (NOTA) | 9,062 | 0.6 | Template:Increase0.6 | colspan="2" Template:N/A | ||||
| Total | 1,657,975 | 100.00 | 60 | ±0 | ||||
| Valid votes | 1,657,975 | 99.96 | ||||||
| Invalid votes | 691 | 0.04 | ||||||
| Votes cast / turnout | 1,658,666 | 86.63 | ||||||
| Abstentions | 255,881 | 13.37 | ||||||
| Registered voters | 1,914,547 | |||||||
Results by constituency
| No. | Constituency | Incumbent | Winner | Runner-up | Margin | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Party | Candidate | Votes | Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| 1 | Khundrakpam | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Thokchom Lokeshwar Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Thokchom Lokeshwar Singh | 12,849 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Thangjam Mohendro Singh | 9,790 | 3,059 |
| 2 | Heingang | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Nongthombam Biren Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Nongthombam Biren Singh | 10,439 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | AITC | Pangeijam Saratchandra Singh | 9,233 | 1,206 |
| 3 | Khurai | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Dr. Ng. Bijoy Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Leishangthem Susindro Meitei | 15,005 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Dr. Ng. Bijoy Singh | 13,061 | 1,944 |
| 4 | Kshetrigao | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Md. Amin Shah | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Nahakpam Indrajit Singh | 10,411 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Muhammad Amin Shah | 10,031 | 380 |
| 5 | Thongju | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | AITC | Thongam Biswajit Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Thongam Biswajit Singh | 16,809 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Thokchom Ajit Singh | 9,508 | 7,301 |
| 6 | Keirao | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | MSCP | Karam Thamarjit Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Lourembam Rameshwor Meetei | 5,959 | Independent | Muhammad Nasiruddin Khan | 5,421 | 538 | |
| 7 | Andro | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | AITC | Thounaojam Shyamkumar | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Thounaojam Shyamkumar | 18,948 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Dr. Nimaichand Luwang | 10,787 | 7,986 |
| 8 | Lamlai | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Kshetrimayum Biren Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Kshetrimayum Biren Singh | 12,339 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Khongbantabam Ibomcha | 11,487 | 852 |
| 9 | Thangmeiband | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | AITC | Khumukcham Joykisan Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Khumukcham Joykisan Singh | 11,596 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Jyotin Waikhom | 11,439 | 157 |
| 10 | Uripok | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Laishram Nandakumar Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NPP | Yumnam Joykumar Singh | 6,469 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Laishram Nandakumar Singh | 6,124 | 345 |
| 11 | Sagolband | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | MSCP | Rajkumar Imo Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Rajkumar Imo Singh | 9,211 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Dr. Khwairakpam Loken Singh | 9,192 | 19 |
| 12 | Keishamthong | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NCP | Laisom Ibomcha Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NPP | L. Jayantakumar | 10,000 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Laisom Ibomcha Singh | 6,739 | 3,261 |
| 13 | Singjamei | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Irengbam Hemochandra Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Yumnam Khemchand Singh | 9,459 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Irengbam Hemochandra Singh | 7,625 | 1,834 |
| 14 | Yaiskul | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Elangbam Chand Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Thokchom Satyabrata Singh | 8,014 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Elangbam Chand Singh | 7,444 | 570 |
| 15 | Wangkhei | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Yumkham Erabot Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Okram Henry Singh | 16,753 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Yumkham Erabot Singh | 12,417 | 4,336 |
| 16 | Sekmai (SC) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Khwairakpam Devendro Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Heikham Dingo Singh | 13,163 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Khwairakpam Devendro Singh | 10,631 | 2,532 |
| 17 | Lamsang | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Wangkheimayum Brajabidhu Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Sorokhaibam Rajen | 12,593 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Wangkheimayum Brajabidhu Singh | 11,313 | 1,280 |
| 18 | Konthoujam | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | AITC | Konthoujam Sharat Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Dr. Sapam Ranjan Singh | 14,313 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Konthoujam Sharat Singh | 11,541 | 2,772 |
| 19 | Patsoi | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Akoijam Mirabai Devi | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Akoijam Mirabai Devi | 13,405 | NEIDP | Sapam Kunjakeswor Singh | 13,291 | 114 | |
| 20 | Langthabal | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | LJP | Karam Shyam | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | LJP | Karam Shyam | 9,625 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | O. Joy Singh | 7,294 | 2,331 |
| 21 | Naoriya Pakhanglakpa | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | R.K. Anand | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Soibam Subhaschandra Singh | 8,609 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | R.K. Anand | 6,994 | 1,615 |
| 22 | Wangoi | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | AITC | Oinam Lukhoi Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Oinam Lukhoi Singh | 7,443 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NPP | Khuraijam Loken Singh | 7,407 | 36 |
| 23 | Mayang Imphal | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Dr. Khumujam Ratankumar Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Kongkham Robindro Singh | 15,221 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Dr. Khumujam Ratankumar Singh | 12,127 | 3,094 |
| 24 | Nambol | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Nameirakpam Loken Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Nameirakpam Loken Singh | 14,736 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Thounaojam Chaoba Singh | 14,456 | 280 |
| 25 | Oinam | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | AITC | Dr. Irengbam Ibohalbi | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Laishram Radhakishore Singh | 12,029 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Dr. Irengbam Ibohalbi Singh | 11,186 | 843 |
| 26 | Bishnupur | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Konthoujam Govindas | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Konthoujam Govindas | 14,150 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Konthoujam Krishna Kumar Singh | 8,872 | 5,278 |
| 27 | Moirang | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Mairembam Prithviraj Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Pukhrem Sharatchandra Sing | 11,708 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Mairembam Prithviraj Singh | 11,333 | 375 |
| 28 | Thanga | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Tongbram Mangibabu | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | AITC | Tongbram Robindro Singh | 6,462 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Moirangthem Asnikumar Singh | 5,457 | 1,005 |
| 29 | Kumbi | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Sanasam Bira Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Sanasam Bira Singh | 11,881 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Ningthoujam Mangi | 10,570 | 1,311 |
| 30 | Lilong | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Muhammad Abdul Nasir | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Muhammad Abdul Nasir | 10,765 | Independent | Y. Antas Khan | 9,497 | 1,268 | |
| 31 | Thoubal | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Okram Ibobi Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Okram Ibobi Singh | 18,649 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Leitanthem Basanta Singh | 8,179 | 10,470 |
| 32 | Wangkhem | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Keisham Meghachandra Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Keisham Meghachandra Singh | 11,293 | NEIDP | Yumnam Nabachandra Singh | 8,413 | 2,880 | |
| 33 | Heirok | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Moirangthem Okendro | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Thokchom Radheshyam Singh | 13,389 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Moirangthem Okendro | 11,742 | 1,647 |
| 34 | Wangjing Tentha | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Paonam Brojen | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Paonam Brojen | 12,830 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Moirangthem Hemanta | 10,967 | 1,863 |
| 35 | Khangabok | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Okram Landhoni Dev | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Surjakumar Okram | 20,781 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Thokchom Jadumani Singh | 11,329 | 9,452 |
| 36 | Wabgai | Template:Party name with color | Muhammad Fajur Rahim | Template:Party name with color | Muhammad Fajur Rahim | 12,474 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Dr. Usham Deben Singh | 7,713 | 4,761 | ||
| 37 | Kakching | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Yengkhom Surchandra Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Yengkhom Surchandra Singh | 11,133 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | M. Rameshwar Singh (Ramay) | 10,503 | 630 |
| 38 | Hiyanglam | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | AITC | Maibam Kunjo | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Yumnam Radheshyam | 13,394 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Elangbam Dwijamani Singh | 11,669 | 1,725 |
| 39 | Sugnu | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Kangujam Ranjit Singh | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Kangujam Ranjit Singh | 13,331 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Yumnam Jiban Singh | 10,198 | 3,133 |
| 40 | Jiribam | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Thoudam Debendra Singh | Independent | Ashab Uddin | 8,189 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Thoudam Debendra Singh | 6,539 | 1,650 | |
| 41 | Chandel (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NPF | St. Nunghlung Victor | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NPP | Letpao Haokip | 14,216 | Independent | Ts Warngam | 12,091 | 2,125 | |
| 42 | Tengnoupal (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | D. Korungthang | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | D. Korungthang | 16,940 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Yangkholet Haokip | 12,284 | 4,656 |
| 43 | Phungyar (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Victor Keishing | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NPF | Leishiyo Keishing | 11,900 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Somi Awungshi | 7,122 | 4,778 |
| 44 | Ukhrul (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Samuel Risom | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Alfred Kan-Ngam Arthur | 11,510 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Somatai Shaiza | 11,214 | 296 |
| 45 | Chingai (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | MK Preshow Shimray | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NPF | Khashim Vashum | 16,582 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Sword Vashum | 8,932 | 7,650 |
| 46 | Saikul (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Yamthong Haokip | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Yamthong Haokip | 8,677 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NCP | Chungkhokai Doungel | 5,416 | 3,261 |
| 47 | Karong (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Dr. V. Alexander Pao | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | D. D. Thaisii | 14,038 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | R. Yuh Jonathan Tao | 9,745 | 4,293 |
| 48 | Mao (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NPF | Losii Dikho | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NPF | Losii Dikho | 25,933 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Woba Joram | 10,519 | 15,414 |
| 49 | Tadubi (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | M. Francis Ngajokpa | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NPP | N. Kayisii | 17,115 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | M. Francis Ngajokpa | 15,816 | 1,299 |
| 50 | Kangpokpi | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | MSCP | Nemcha Kipgen | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Nemcha Kipgen | 13,485 | Independent | Kharga Tamang | 11,188 | 2,297 | |
| 51 | Saitu (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Ngamthang Haokip | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Ngamthang Haokip | 19,467 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Haokholet Kipgen | 15,650 | 3,817 |
| 52 | Tamei (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Z. Kikhonbou Newmai | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NPF | Awangbow Newmai | 15,933 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Z. Kikhonbou Newmai | 15,186 | 747 |
| 53 | Tamenglong (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | MSCP | Janghemlung Panmei | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Samuel Jendai Kamei | 13,023 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NPF | Janghemlung Panmei | 11,019 | 2,004 |
| 54 | Nungba (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Gaikhangam | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Gaikhangam | 10,255 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Adim Pamei | 5,108 | 5,147 |
| 55 | Tipaimukh (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Dr. Chaltonlien Amo | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Dr. Chaltonlien Amo | 4,997 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Dr. Lallukhum Fimate | 4,371 | 626 |
| 56 | Thanlon (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Vungzagin Valte | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Vungzagin Valte | 9,752 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Chinkholal Thangsing | 2,583 | 7,169 |
| 57 | Henglep (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | T. Manga Vaiphei | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | T. Thangzalam Haokip | 8,438 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | T. Manga Vaiphei | 8,170 | 268 |
| 58 | Churachandpur (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Phungzathang Tonsing | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | V. Hangkhanlian | 10,246 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | NPP | Phungzathang Tonsing | 9,632 | 614 |
| 59 | Saikot (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | T. N. Haokip | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | T. N. Haokip | 16,354 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Paokholal Haokip | 11,253 | 5,101 |
| 60 | Singhat (ST) | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Ginsuanhau | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | INC | Ginsuanhau | 8,131 | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | BJP | Chinlunthang | 6,969 | 1,162 |
Government formation
On 15 March 2017, N. Biren Singh was sworn as the Chief Minister, having formed a coalition with National People's Party, Naga People's Front and the Lok Janshakti Party. This marked the first time that the Bharatiya Janata Party has formed a government in Manipur. The Indian National Congress remained the single largest party in the legislature.
By-elections
| Date | Constituency | Winner | Party | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 November 2020 | Wangoi | Oinam Lukhoi Singh | Template:Full party name with color | |
| Lilong | Y.Antas Khan | Template:Full party name with color | ||
| Wangjing Tentha | Paonam Brojen Singh | Template:Full party name with color | ||
| Saitu | Ngamthang Haokip | Template:Full party name with color | ||
| Singhat | Ginsuanhau Zou | Template:Full party name with color | ||
References
- ↑ Announcement: Schedule for the General Elections to the Legislative Assemblies of Goa, Manipur, Punjab, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. Election Commission of India(4 January 2017). Retrieved 4 January 2017.
- ↑ TheQuint. TheQuint. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
- ↑ Terms of the Houses. eci.nic.in. Election Commission of India/National Informatics Centre. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
- ↑ Kartikeya Sharma, "It's all about blockade, Nagalim and Project NE: As Manipur inches closer to the polling dates in the two-phased Assembly elections, issues like Naga Accord outweigh development in campaign trails", DNA: Daily News & Analysis, 27 February 2017. Template:ProQuest
- ↑ Statistical Report on General Election, 2012 to the Legislative Assembly of Manipur, Election Commission of India.
- ↑ Ibobi sworn in, but fight for No. 2 slot continues. The Hindu(15 March 2012).
- ↑ Manipur party joins Cong. The Telegraph(4 April 2014). Retrieved 24 May 2016.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Bikash Singh, Manipur result highlights: Durand Cup winner CM vows to end political football, The Economic Times, 16 March 2017. Template:ProQuest
- ↑ Malladi Rama Rao, "The Verdict 2017: Manipur magic", Power Politics, 1 April 2017. Template:ProQuest
- ↑ Sushanta Talukdar, Tightrope walk, Frontline, 15 March 2017.
- ↑ AnnexureVI VVPAT Page 24.
- ↑ India Today-Axis Opinion Poll on Manipur: Another north-eastern jewel in BJP's crown after Assam(14 October 2016). Retrieved 6 January 2017.
- ↑ Assembly Election Results - Manipur.
- ↑ Himachal Pradesh Assembly election results — counting ends as BJP seals majority with 44 seats. The Hindu(18 December 2017).
Bibliography
- [{{{url}}} Assembly Elections 2017–2018](2019).
- [{{{url}}} BJP Snatches Victory from Defeat in Manipur](25 March 2017).