1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election

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Template:Infobox election The Kerala Legislative Assembly election of 1957 was the first assembly election in the Indian state of Kerala. The Communist Party of India won the election with 60 seats. The election led to the formation of first democratically elected communist government in India.[1]

State Reorganization

On 1 November 1956, under the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, Kerala was formed by the merger of Travancore-Cochin state with the Malabar district (including Fort Cochin and the Laccadive Islands) of Madras State, Kasaragod taluk of the South Canara district and the Amindive Islands. The southern part of Travancore-Cochin, the five taluks of Agastheeswaram, Thovala, Kalkulam, Vilavahcode, and Shencotta, were transferred from Travancore-Cochin to the Madras State.[2] After the reorganization, the assembly constituencies increased from 106 with 117 seats in 1954 to 114 with 126 seats in 1957.

Background

Following the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, the Malabar District of Madras state merged with Travancore-Cochin to form the new state of Kerala on 1 November 1956. The merger helped the Communist Party of India to increase their base in the region.[3] The ruling Indian National Congress lost the prominence due to the factionalism within the party.Template:Citation needed Furthermore, communalism and struggles against feudalism played a major role.[3][4]

Election

The Election Commission of India conducted elections to the newly created state between 28 February – 11 March 1957.[5] The elections were held to the 126 seats (114 constituencies) including 12 two member constituencies of which 11 and one reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes respectively, in which 406 candidates were contested. The voter turnout was 65.49%.[6]

Results

The result of the elections listed below: <section begin=Results />Template:Election table |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9; text-align:center;" ! class="unsortable" | ! Political party !! Flag !! Seats
Contested !! Won !! % of
Seats ! Votes !! Vote % !! Vote % in
contested seats |- | Template:Party color cell | style="text-align:left;" |Indian National Congress | | 124 || 43 || 34.13 || 2,209,251 || 37.85 || 38.1 |- style="background: #90EE90;" | Template:Party color cell | style="text-align:left;" |Communist Party of India | | 101 || 60 || 47.62 || 2,059,547 || 35.28 || 40.57 |- | Template:Party color cell | style="text-align:left;" |Praja Socialist Party | | 65 || 9 || 7.14 || 628,261 || 10.76 || 17.48 |- | Template:Party color cell | style="text-align:left;" |Revolutionary Socialist Party | | 28 || 0 || || 188,553 || 3.23 || 11.12 |- | Template:Party name with colour | | 86 || 14 || 11.11 || 751,965 || 12.88 || N/A |- class="unsortable" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! colspan = 2| ! style="text-align:center;" |Total seats !! 126 !! style="text-align:center;" |Voters !! 89,13,247 !! style="text-align:center;" |Turnout !! colspan = 3|58,37,577 (65.49%) |}<section end=Results />

In the election, five women candidates were elected out of nine candidates.[6][7]

By Constituency

Assembly Constituency Winner Runner
No. Constituency Name Category Name Party Vote Name Party Vote
1 Parassala GEN Kunjukrishnan Nadar M. Template:Party name with color 16,742 Krishna Pillai K Template:Party name with color 8,338
2 Neyyattinkara GEN Janardhanan Nair O. Template:Party name with color 18,812 Krishna Pillai N. K. Template:Party name with color 16,558
3 Vilappil GEN Sreedhar G. Ponnara Template:Party name with color 18,221 Surendranath K. V. Template:Party name with color 14,278
4 Nemom GEN Sadasivan A. Template:Party name with color 15,998 Viswambharan P. Template:Party name with color 14,159
5 Trivandrum I GEN Eapan E. P. Template:Party name with color 15,466 Krishnan Nair K. Template:Party name with color 13,418
6 Trivandrum II GEN Thanu Pillai A. Template:Party name with color 21,816 Anirudhan K. Template:Party name with color 17,082
7 Ullur GEN Sreedharan V. Template:Party name with color 16,904 Alikunju Sastri M. Template:Party name with color 14,182
8 Arianad GEN Balakrishna Pillai R. Template:Party name with color 16,728 Kesavan Nair R. Template:Party name with color 6,987
9 Nedumangad GEN Neelakandaru Pandarathil N. Template:Party name with color 20,553 Somasekharan Nair K Template:Party name with color 7,888
10 Attingal GEN Prakasam R. Template:Party name with color 24,328 Gopala Pillai Template:Party name with color 11,151
11 Varkala (SC) Abdul Majeed T. A. Template:Party name with color 41,683 Sivadasan K. Template:Party name with color 31,454
12 Eravipuram GEN Raveendran Template:Party name with color 19,122 Kunju Sankara Pillai V. Template:Party name with color 8,762
13 Quilon GEN A. A. Rahim Template:Party name with color 20,367 Divakaran T. K Template:Party name with color 12,571
14 Thrikkadavur (SC) Karunakaran K. Template:Party name with color 33,782 T. Krishnan Template:Party name with color 32,596
15 Karunagappally GEN Kunjukrishnan P. Template:Party name with color 13,709 P. K. Kunju Template:Party name with color 13,063
16 Krishnapuram GEN Karthikeyan G. Template:Party name with color 23,963 Sekhara Panicker K. Template:Party name with color 14,493
17 Kayamkulam GEN Aysha Bai K. O. Template:Party name with color 27,067 Sarojini Template:Party name with color 13,138
18 Karthigapally GEN Sugathan R. Template:Party name with color 20,978 Velu Pillai G. Template:Party name with color 14,887
19 Haripad GEN Ramakrishna Pillai V. Template:Party name with color 20,184 K. Balagangadharan Template:Party name with color 15,812
20 Mavelikara GEN Kunjachan P. K. Template:Party name with color 44,630 K. C. George Template:Party name with color 39,617
21 Kunnathur (SC) Madhavan Pillai P. R. Template:Party name with color 41,569 Govindan R. Template:Party name with color 37,321
22 Kottarakkara (SC) Chandrasekharan Nair E. Template:Party name with color 23,298 Ramachandran Nair K. Template:Party name with color 14,307
23 Chadayamangalam GEN Bhargavan K. Template:Party name with color 19,375 Abdul Majeed M. Template:Party name with color 9,143
24 Pathanapuram GEN Rajagopalan Nair Template:Party name with color 24,499 Kuttan Pillai K. Template:Party name with color 14,440
25 Punalur GEN Gopalan P. Template:Party name with color 20,455 Kunjuraman Assan K. Template:Party name with color 16,366
26 Ranni GEN Idicula Template:Party name with color 23,308 Thomas Mathew Template:Party name with color 20,722
27 Pathanamthitta GEN Bhaskara Pillai P. Template:Party name with color 29,001 Chacko (Geevarghese) N. G. Template:Party name with color 21,353
28 Aranmula GEN Gopinathan Pillai K. Template:Party name with color 18,895 Vasudevan N. C. Template:Party name with color 18,630
29 Kallooppara GEN M. M. Mathai Template:Party name with color 17,874 N. T. George Template:Party name with color 10,843
30 Thiruvalla GEN G. Padmanabhan Thampi Template:Party name with color 22,978 Kuruvila Thomas T. Template:Party name with color 20,347
31 Chengannur GEN Sankaranarayanan Thampi R. Template:Party name with color 19,538 Saraswathi Amma K. Template:Party name with color 13,546
32 Alleppey GEN Thomas T. V. Template:Party name with color 26,542 Nafeesa Beevi A. Template:Party name with color 22,278
33 Mararikulam GEN Sadasivan C. G. Template:Party name with color 28,153 Joseph Mathen Template:Party name with color 18,350
34 Sherthala GEN K. R. Gouri Template:Party name with color 26,088 A. Subramonian Pillai Template:Party name with color 22,756
35 Aroor GEN P. S. Karthikeyan Template:Party name with color 23,956 Avira Tharakan Template:Party name with color 22,296
36 Thakazhi GEN Thomas John Template:Party name with color 21,940 Varghese Vaidlian T. K. Template:Party name with color 16,480
37 Changanacherry GEN Kalyanakrishnan Nair M. Template:Party name with color 22,539 Raghavan Pillai P. Template:Party name with color 19,693
38 Vazhoor GEN Chacko P. T. Template:Party name with color 20,102 Raghava Kurup N. Template:Party name with color 20,022
39 Kanjirappally GEN Thomas K. T. Template:Party name with color 14,896 Joseph Template:Party name with color 12,893
40 Puthuppally GEN P. C. Cherian Template:Party name with color 20,396 George E. M. Template:Party name with color 19,000
41 Kottayam GEN Bhaskaran Nair P. Template:Party name with color 23,021 Govindhan Nair M. P. Template:Party name with color 20,750
42 Ettumanoor GEN Joseph George Template:Party name with color 21,423 Gopala Pillai C. S. Template:Party name with color 19,930
43 Meenachil GEN Joseph P. M. Template:Party name with color 20,126 Thomas Mathai Template:Party name with color 13,462
44 Vaikom GEN K. R. Narayanan Template:Party name with color 25,818 C. K. Viswanathan Template:Party name with color 25,164
45 Kaduthuruthy GEN M. C. Abraham Template:Party name with color 22,365 Kurian Kurian Template:Party name with color 13,552
46 Ramamangalam GEN Poulose E. P Template:Party name with color 20,086 Parameswaran Nair Template:Party name with color 13,588
47 Muvattupuzha GEN K. M. George Template:Party name with color 16,820 Kuruvilla Mattai (Mathew) Template:Party name with color 14,993
48 Devicolam (SC) Rosamma Punnose Template:Party name with color 33,809 Ganapathy N. Template:Party name with color 31,887
Bye Polls in 1958 Bye Polls in 1958 R. Punnose COM 55,819 B. Nair Template:Party name with color 48,730
49 Thodupuzha GEN Mathew C. A. Template:Party name with color 22,149 Narayanan Nair K Template:Party name with color 11,680
50 Karikode GEN Kusuman Joseph Template:Party name with color 14,669 Augustine Ouseph Template:Party name with color 12,084
51 Poonjar GEN Thomman T. A. Template:Party name with color 21,279 Chacko Vallikkappan (Jocob) Template:Party name with color 9,045
52 Puliyannur GEN K. M. Joseph Chazhicatt Template:Party name with color 18,605 Chandy Template:Party name with color 17,915
53 Palluruthy GEN Alexander Parambithar Template:Party name with color 23,666 Gangadharan P. Template:Party name with color 19,848
54 Mattancherry GEN Viswanathan K. K. Template:Party name with color 19,106 Aboo T. M Template:Party name with color 13,046
55 Narakkal GEN K. C. Abraham Template:Party name with color 24,253 K. K. Ramakrishnan Template:Party name with color 22,321
56 Ernakulam GEN Jacob A. L. Template:Party name with color 23,857 V. Ramankutty Menon Template:Party name with color 18,172
57 Kanayannur GEN Ramakrishnan T. K. Template:Party name with color 21,292 Joseph A. V. Template:Party name with color 17,506
58 Alwaye GEN T. O. Bava Template:Party name with color 23,707 Varkey M. C. Template:Party name with color 21,142
59 Perumbavoor GEN Govinda Pillai P. Template:Party name with color 21,679 K. A. Damodara Menon Template:Party name with color 20,780
60 Kothakulangara GEN Anthony M. A. Template:Party name with color 24,133 A. P. Kurian Template:Party name with color 15,246
61 Parur GEN Sivan Pillai N. Template:Party name with color 19,997 K. I. Mathew Template:Party name with color 17,909
62 Vadakkekara GEN Balan K. A. Template:Party name with color 23,385 Vijayan K. R. Template:Party name with color 17,844
63 Cranganore GEN E. Gopalakrishna Menon Template:Party name with color 20,385 Kunju Moideen A. K. Template:Party name with color 18,894
64 Chalakkudy (SC) P. K. Chathan Template:Party name with color 43,454 C. J. Jenardhanan Template:Party name with color 42,997
65 Irinjalakuda GEN Achutha Menon C. Template:Party name with color 24,140 K. T. Achuthan Template:Party name with color 21,480
66 Manalur GEN Mundassery Joseph Template:Party name with color 23,350 Sukumaran Template:Party name with color 21,355
67 Trichur GEN A. R. Menon Template:Party name with color 23,531 Karunakaran K. Template:Party name with color 21,045
68 Ollur GEN Paranchu R. Template:Party name with color 15,994 Raghavan V. Template:Party name with color 15,915
69 Kunnamkulam GEN Krishnan T. K. Template:Party name with color 21,161 Velayudhan K. I. Template:Party name with color 18,788
70 Wadakkanchery (SC) Ayyappan C. C. Template:Party name with color 33,161 Kochukuttan K Template:Party name with color 28,895
71 Nattika GEN Achuthan K. S. Template:Party name with color 23,594 Gopalakrishnan P. K. Template:Party name with color 22,039
72 Guruvayoor GEN Koru Kooliyat Template:Party name with color 16,722 Abubaker M. V. Template:Party name with color 14,087
73 Andathodu GEN Kolady Govindan Kutty Menon Template:Party name with color 14,229 Karunakara Menon K. G. Template:Party name with color 12,495
74 Ponnani (SC) Kunhambu Kallayan Template:Party name with color 22,784 Kunhan Eliyath Tharayil Template:Party name with color 20,535
75 Kuzhalmannam GEN John Kuduvakkotte Template:Party name with color 19,437 Kesava Menon T.P. Template:Party name with color 14,689
76 Alathur GEN Krishnan R. Template:Party name with color 19,203 Vaitheeswara Iyer P. S. Template:Party name with color 13,317
77 Chittur (SC) Balachandra Menon P. Template:Party name with color 23,995 Eacharan K. Template:Party name with color 22,062
78 Elapully GEN Ramankutty A. K. Template:Party name with color 16,768 Sankaran C. C. Template:Party name with color 11,560
79 Palghat GEN Raghava Menon R. Template:Party name with color 14,873 Kunhiraman M. P. Template:Party name with color 14,248
80 Parli GEN Narayanakutty C. K. Template:Party name with color 21,627 Gopalakrishnan Nair K. Template:Party name with color 13,996
81 Mannarghat GEN Krishna Menon K. Template:Party name with color 13,375 Kochunny Nair K. C. Template:Party name with color 9,665
82 Perinthalmanna GEN Govindan Nambiar Template:Party name with color 13,248 Pookoya Thangal Haji P. V. Template:Party name with color 9,398
83 Ottapalam GEN Kunhunni Nayar Template:Party name with color 16,157 Sundara Iyer N. Template:Party name with color 15,248
84 Pattambi GEN Gopalan Erasseri Patinharethil Template:Party name with color 17,447 Padamanabha Menon K. P. Template:Party name with color 9,793
85 Mankada GEN Mohammad Kodur Valia Peedikakkal Template:Party name with color 11,854 Mohammad Malavattath Template:Party name with color 8,338
86 Tirur GEN Moideenkutty Hajee K. Template:Party name with color 15,404 Alikutty P. P. Template:Party name with color 13,231
87 Tanur GEN Muhammed Koya C. H. Template:Party name with color 16,787 Assanar Kutty T. Template:Party name with color 11,520
88 Kuttippuram GEN Ahamedkutty C. Template:Party name with color 15,495 Moideenkutty P. K. Template:Party name with color 10,424
89 Thirurangady GEN Ayukkadarkutty Nahak Template:Party name with color 17,622 Kunhalikutty Haji A. Template:Party name with color 16,670
90 Malappuram GEN Hassan Gani K. Template:Party name with color 17,214 Saidalavi P. Template:Party name with color 12,243
91 Manjeri (SC) Ummer Koya P. P. Template:Party name with color 30,860 Chadayan M. Template:Party name with color 29,101
92 Kondotty GEN Ahammad Kurikkal M. P. M. Template:Party name with color 18,981 Abubakar Kolakadan Template:Party name with color 11,866
93 Kozhikode I GEN Sarada Krishnan Template:Party name with color 17,388 Manjunatha Rao H. Template:Party name with color 16,079
94 Kozhikode I I GEN Kumaran P. Template:Party name with color 18,586 E. Janardhanan Template:Party name with color 11,211
95 Chevayur GEN Balagopalan A. Template:Party name with color 20,683 Raghavan Nair Template:Party name with color 17,319
96 Kunnamangalam GEN Leela Damodara Menon Template:Party name with color 13,598 Chathunni Ottayil K. Template:Party name with color 11,814
97 Koduvally GEN Gopalankutty Nair M. Template:Party name with color 19,377 Muhammedkutty C. Template:Party name with color 15,950
98 Balusseri GEN Narayana Kurup M. Template:Party name with color 15,789 Raghavan Nair E. Template:Party name with color 11,536
99 Quilandy GEN Kunhiraman Nambiar Template:Party name with color 19,668 Achuthan Nair P. Template:Party name with color 16,622
100 Perambra GEN Kumaran Madathil Template:Party name with color 17,838 Madhavan Nair T K. Template:Party name with color 15,827
101 Badagara GEN Kelu Mandoti Kuniyil Template:Party name with color 17,123 Krishnan Template:Party name with color 15,448
102 Nadapuram GEN Kanaran C. H. Template:Party name with color 18,533 Kunhammad Haji V. K. Template:Party name with color 15,177
103 Wynad (SC) Kunjikrishnan Nair N. K. Template:Party name with color 31,993 Madura Template:Party name with color 29,296
104 Kuthuparamba GEN Ramunny Kurup Template:Party name with color 21,540 Madhavan P. K. Template:Party name with color 14,858
105 Mattannur GEN Balaram N. E. Template:Party name with color 23,540 Kunhiraman Nair Template:Party name with color 13,089
106 Tellicherry GEN Krishna Iyer V. R. Template:Party name with color 27,318 Kunhiraman P. Template:Party name with color 15,234
107 Cannanore I GEN Kannan Chaliyoth Template:Party name with color 17,464 Gopalan Othayoth Template:Party name with color 17,413
108 Cannanore II GEN Gopalan K. P. Template:Party name with color 21,493 Madhavan Pamban Template:Party name with color 18,776
109 Madayi GEN Gopalan Nambiar K. P. R. Template:Party name with color 24,390 T. Narayanan Nambiar Template:Party name with color 12,169
110 Rikkur GEN Narayanan Nambiar T. C. Template:Party name with color 24,518 Narayanan Nambissan Template:Party name with color 11,052
111 Nileswar (SC) Kallalan Template:Party name with color 44,754 Namboodiripad E. M. S. Template:Party name with color 38,090
112 Hosdrug GEN Chandraskharan K. Template:Party name with color 14,150 Madhavan K. Template:Party name with color 11,209
113 Kasaragod GEN Kunhikrishan Nair Cheripady Template:Party name with color 10,290 Narayanan Nambiar Template:Party name with color 10,096
114 Manjeshwar GEN M. Umesh Rao Template:Party name with color Uncontested

[8]

Government formation

Communist Party of India formed the government with the support of five independents.[9] On 5 April 1957, E. M. S. Namboodiripad became the chief minister of Kerala and first non–Congress chief minister of the country (PSP ruled Travencore Cochin state before). But the government was dismissed in 1959 by the central government following the Liberation Struggle.[10]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Nehru to the Nineties: The Changing Office of Prime Minister in India{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers(1994). ISBN 978-1-85065-180-2
  2. ↑ Reorganisation of States, 1955. The Economic Weekly(15 October 1955). Retrieved 25 July 2015.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Peasant Struggles, Land Reforms and Social Change: Malabar 1836–1982{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Radhakrishnan. ISBN 978-1-906083-16-8
  4. ↑ Communal Road to a Secular Kerala{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Concept Publishing Company(1 January 1989). ISBN 978-81-7022-282-8
  5. ↑ History of Kerala Legislature. kerala.gov.in. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Key highlights of General election, 1957 to the legislative assembly of Kerala. Election Commission of India. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
  7. ↑ Only 7 women make it to Kerala state Assembly. Economic Times(16 May 2011). Retrieved 9 April 2014.
  8. ↑ Kerala Assembly Election Results in 1957. www.elections.in. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
  9. ↑ Communism in Kerala: A Study in Political Adaptation{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. University of California Press(1 January 1982). ISBN 978-0-520-04667-2
  10. ↑ Fresh light on 'Liberation Struggle'. The Hindu(12 February 2008). Retrieved 9 April 2014.

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