Ahir clans

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Ahir (Sanskrit: Abhira)[1] is a caste found in the Indian subcontinent, mainly modern-day India, Nepal and Pakistan.[2][3][4][5] The Ahir clans are spread almost all over country.[6][7] Ahirs are also known as Yadav, a surname they adopted following Sanskritisation in the 20th century.[8][9][10]

Etymology

The word "ahir" is derived from the Sanskrit word "abhira."[11][1]

Clans

Nandvanshi Ahirs

The Nandvanshi Ahirs are a section of Ahirs.[12] Kamarias[13] are also a sub-clan of Nandvanshi Ahirs[14][13][15] in Uttar Pradesh.

Gwalvanshi Ahirs

Gwalvanshi Ahirs have migrated to other parts of Uttar Pradesh from Mathura and they claim descent from gopis and gopas of Krishna's time.[16]

Ghosi

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The Ghosi are a division of Ahir community found mainly in North India. The Ghosis are found in both Hindu and Muslim religion.[17][18] They were the zamidars and small rulers of various parts of country.[19]

Phatak

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The Phatak Ahirs claim to be descended from Digpal, the Ahir king of Mahaban.[19]

Dauwa

In Bundelkhand, Dauwa Ahirs were allied with Bundela Rajputs and Dauwa women served as wetnurses for Bundela princes as part of a symbolic ritual.[20]

Dhadhor

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Dhadhor is a subcaste of Ahirs.[21]

Krishnaut

Krishnaut or Kishnaut are Ahirs that inhabits the state of Bihar.[22][23]

Majhraut

They inhabit the Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand.[24][25][26][27]

Sorathia

Sorathia is an Ahir clan found in the state of Gujarat in India. According to B.S Suryavanshi, they are the descendents of chief Rao Navaghana of Junagadh.[28]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Encyclopaedia of Indian Tribes: The tribal world in transition{{#if:Shashi|, Shashi}. Anmol Publications(1994). ISBN 978-81-7041-836-8
  2. ↑ Encyclopaedia of Indian Tribes: The tribal world in transition{{#if:Shashi|, Shashi}. Anmol Publications(1994). ISBN 978-81-7041-836-8
  3. ↑ Diversity and Change in Modern India: Economic, Social and Political Approaches{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. OUP/British Academy(2010). ISBN 978-0-19-726451-5
  4. ↑ Faces of Nepal{{#if:Gurung|, Gurung}. Himal Books(1996). ISBN 978-99933-43-50-9
  5. ↑ Biographical Encyclopedia of Pakistan: Millennium 2000{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Research Institute of Historiography, Biography and Philosophy(2001)
  6. ↑ Kin, Clan, Raja, and Rule: Statehinterland Relations in Preindustrial India{{#if:Fox|, Fox}. University of California Press(1971). ISBN 978-0-520-01807-5
  7. ↑ Kin, Clan, Raja, and Rule: Statehinterland Relations in Preindustrial India{{#if:Fox|, Fox}. University of California Press(1971). ISBN 9780520018075
  8. ↑ Contributions to Indian sociology{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Mouton(2001) Quote: "The movement, which had a wide interregional spread, attempted to submerge regional names such as Goala, Ahir, Ahar, Gopa, etc., in favour of the generic term Yadava (Rao 1979). Hence a number of pastoralist castes were subsumed under Yadava, in accordance with decisions taken by the regional and national level caste sabhas. The Yadavas became the first among the shudras to gain the right to wear the janeu, a case of successful sanskritisation which continues till date. As a prominent agriculturist caste in the region, despite belonging to the shudra varna, the Yadavas claimed Kshatriya status tracing descent from the Yadu dynasty. The caste's efforts matched those of census officials, for whom standardisation of overlapping names was a matter of policy. The success of the Yadava movement also lies in the fact that, among the jaati sabhas, the Yadava sabha was probably the strongest, its journal, Ahir Samachar, having an all-India spread. These factors strengthened local efforts, such as in Bhojpur, where the Yadavas, locally known as Ahirs, refused to do begar, or forced labour, for the landlords and simultaneously prohibited liquor consumption, child marriages, and so on."
  9. ↑ Society in India{{#if:Mandelbaum|, Mandelbaum}. University of California Press(1970). ISBN 978-0-520-01623-1
  10. ↑ India's silent revolution: the rise of the lower castes in North India{{#if:Jaffrelot|, Jaffrelot}. Columbia University Press(2003). ISBN 978-0-231-12786-8 Quote: "In his typology of low caste movements, (M. S. A.) Rao distinguishes five categories. The first is characterised by 'withdrawal and self-organisation'. ... The second one, illustrated by the Yadavs, is based on the claim of 'higher varna status' and fits with Sanskritisation pattern. ..."
  11. ↑ People of Maharashtra.
  12. ↑ Caste in Question{{#if:Gupta|, Gupta}. SAGE Publication(2021). ISBN 9788132103455
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Caste Dimensions in a Village{{#if:Mutatkar|, Mutatkar}. Shubhada-Saraswat(1978)
  14. ↑ Caste System: Caste commentaries and documentation{{#if:Dass|, Dass}. Dominant Publishers and Distributors(2002). ISBN 978-81-7888-029-7
  15. ↑ Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?{{#if:Gupta|, Gupta}. SAGE Publications(2004-12-08). ISBN 978-0-7619-3324-3
  16. ↑ The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India{{#if:Michelutti|, Michelutti}. Taylor & Francis(2020-11-29). ISBN 978-1-000-08400-9
  17. ↑ The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India (Complete){{#if:Russell|, Russell}. Library of Alexandria(2020-09-28). ISBN 978-1-4655-8294-2
  18. ↑ The Other Lucknow{{#if:Hasnain|, Hasnain}. Vani Prakashan(2016). ISBN 978-93-5229-420-6
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Lucia Michelutti, Sons of Krishna: the politics of Yadav community formation in a North Indian town (2002) London School of Economics and Political Science University of London, p.90-98
  20. ↑ Between History and Legend: Status and Power in Bundelkhand{{#if:Jain|, Jain}. Orient Blackswan Private Limited(2002). ISBN 978-81-250-2194-0
  21. ↑ India Today{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Aroon Purie for Living Media India Limited(1994)
  22. ↑ Bihar District Gazetteers: Bhagalpur{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar(1957)
  23. ↑ The National Geographical Journal of India{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. National Geographical Society of India.(1975)
  24. ↑ Bihar District Gazetteers: Bhagalpur{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar(1957)
  25. ↑ Clan Settlements in the Saran Plain (Middle Ganga Valley): A Study in Cultural Geography{{#if:Singh|, Singh}. National Geographical Society of India, Banaras Hindu University(1977)
  26. ↑ Bihar District Gazetteers: Hazaribagh{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar(1962)
  27. ↑ Inter-caste and Inter-community Relationship: Developing Patterns{{#if:Siddiqui|, Siddiqui}. Commonwealth Publishers(1993). ISBN 978-81-7169-260-6
  28. ↑ Abhiras their history and culture{{#if:SurvaVanshi|, SurvaVanshi}(1962)

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