Andreas Andræ

Andreas Andræ
Office	Governor of Tranquebar ;
Office	Governor of Dannemarksnagore ; ; ; ;
Predecessor	Claus Vogdt
Successor	Mikkel Knudsen Crone ; ; ; ;
Born	Unknown
Born	Denmark–Norway
Died	1701
Place of death	Tranquebar, Danish India ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

Andreas AndræTemplate:Efn (alternatively spelled Andrae and Andreæ; Template:Died in) was a Danish surgeon and colonial administrator who established the Danish colony of Dannemarksnagore in 1698.

Andræ came to the Danish colony of Tranquebar in Template:Circa and was a surgeon until 1695, when he became head of a Danish squadron to the Malabar Coast. In 1698, Andræ was sent to Bengal, negotiating the Dano-Mughal Treaty, which ended the Dano-Mughal War and leased Dannemarksnagore to Danish India, where he served as governor from 1698 to 1699.

He became the governor of Tranquebar in 1701 after Claus Vogdt's death, managing to finish the construction of the Zion Church before dying a few months later.

Career

Andreas Andræ came to the Danish colony of Tranquebar in Template:Circa as Template:Langx (surgeon on a ship) in the Danish East India Company's service.Template:Sfn Template:Sfn He soon proved himself useful in both mercantile and diplomatic regardsTemplate:Sfn and was quickly promoted to Template:Langx (highest-ranking surgeon) in March 1691 and chief surgeon (Template:Langx) on 6 April the same year.Template:Sfn In 1692, he became head of the hospital in Tranquebar, and in 1694, he became a third-in-command of the colony's Privy Council (Template:Langx).Template:Sfn

Voyage to the Malabar Coast

Andræ is described as being intelligent and enterprising,Template:Sfn showing great administrative and commercial abilities, and was subsequently,Template:Sfn in January 1695, chosen as head of the vessel DansborgTemplate:Sfn by the governor of Tranquebar, Claus Vogdt.Template:Sfn Subsequently, Dansborg and three other ships were sent to the Malabar Coast to bolster Danish trade in the region.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn As such, Andræ established a pepper clearing house near Varkala in Oddeway Torre,Template:Sfn before leaving again on 6 April,Template:Sfn returning to Tranquebar on 1 May the same year.Template:Sfn

Time in Bengal

Furthermore, Andræ negotiated a firman which would lease a piece of land at the Hooghly RiverTemplate:SfnTemplate:Sfn Template:Sfn Template:Sfn in Gondalpara Template:Sfn Template:Sfn Template:Sfn Template:Sfn to the Danes for 30,000 rupeesTemplate:Sfn to be paid over a ten-year period.Template:Sfn Template:Sfn Template:Sfn Template:Sfn Here, the Danes established a factory,Template:Sfn Template:Sfn Template:Sfn Template:Sfn which became known as Dannemarksnagore,Template:Sfn Template:Sfn Template:Sfn Template:Sfn Template:Sfn Template:Sfn and was supplied by salesmen, guards, and goods.Template:Sfn The factory was provisionally a local house, although a big fort with stone walls was erected the following year.Template:Sfn Andræ left Dannemarksnagore on the vessel Christianus Quintus in January 1699 after five months in Bengal,Template:Sfn leaving Thomas Schmertz as overhoved of the colonyTemplate:SfnTemplate:Sfn Template:Sfn with 30 men.Template:Sfn Template:Sfn

Governor of Tranquebar

Upon returning to Tranquebar during the spring,Template:Sfn Andræ became Template:Langx (second-in-command) of the Privy Council and was installed as Interim Governor of TranquebarTemplate:Sfn Template:Sfn on 25 June 1701,Template:Sfn Template:Sfn following Claus Vogdt's death,Template:Sfn Template:Sfn with a yearly salary of 800 Danish rigsdaler.Template:Sfn However, Andræ died a few months laterTemplate:Sfn and was succeeded by Mikkel Knudsen Crone.Template:Sfn Template:Sfn Despite his short term, Andræ still subsidized and finished the construction of the Zion Church in 1701, which was initiated by Governor Vogdt.Template:Sfn

Personal life

Map of Tranquebar by Gregers Daa Trellund, depicting Andreas Andræ's estate during the 1690s

On a map by Gregers Daa Trellund depicting Tranquebar in the 1690s,Template:Sfn there is a newly built estate attributed to a "Mester Andreasis," which likely refers to Andræ.Template:Sfn The estate was possibly funded by money earned during Andræ's time in Bengal,Template:Sfn where he was also gifted a white stallion by the Mughal government,Template:Sfn which passed over to Mikkel Knudsen Crone and later Governor Jørgen Bjørn after Andræ's death.Template:Sfn

Andræ had a wife and children, who returned to Denmark–Norway on the vessel Cronprintzen af Danmark, following his death.Template:Sfn

Notes and citations

Notes

Template:Notelist

Citations

References

Template:Refbegin

Guvernører, residenter, kommandanter og chefer{{#if:Larsen|, Larsen}. Arthur Jensens Forlag(1940)
De dansk-ostindiske koloniers historie – De Bengalske loger & Nikobarerne{{#if:Larsen|, Larsen}. Centralforlaget & Peter Hansens Forlag(1908)
De dansk-ostindiske koloniers historie – Trankebar{{#if:Larsen|, Larsen}. Centralforlaget(1907)
The Danish East India Company’s War against the Mughal Empire, 1642-1698. Journal of Early Modern History({Template:Date).
Die Dänen in Indien, Südostasien und China (1620-1845){{#if:Diller|, Diller}. Harrassowitz Verlag(1 June 1999). ISBN 978-3-447-04123-2
Trellunds Trankebarkort 1733. Tidsskrift for Arkivforskning({Template:Date).
Template:Cite encyclopedia
The Danes in Bengal{{#if:Mitra|, Mitra}. Prabartak Publishers(September 1952)
Template:Cite encyclopedia
Uneasy Partnership. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient({Template:Date).

Template:Refend

da:Andreas Andreæ