Badaga is a southern Dravidian language spoken by the Badaga people of the Nilgiris district of Northwest Tamil Nadu. The language is closely related to Kannada.[1]
Phonology
Badaga has five vowels qualities, Template:IPA, each of which may be long or short and until the 1930s were contrastively half and fully retroflexed, for a total of 30 vowel phonemes.[2] Current speakers only distinguish retroflection for a few vowels.[3]
| IPA | Gloss |
|---|---|
| Template:IPA | disease |
| Template:IPA | scar |
| Template:IPA | sprout |
| Template:IPA | tiger's den |
| Template:IPA | to spread out |
| Template:IPA | to remove |
| Template:IPA | seven |
| Template:IPA | tamarind |
| Template:IPA | bangle |
| Template:IPA | banana |
| Template:IPA | to strike |
| Template:IPA | tamarind |
| Template:IPA | chisel |
Note on transcription: rhoticity Template:Angbr IPA indicates half-retroflexion; doubled Template:Angbr IPA it indicates full retroflexion.
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɳ | |||
| Stop | Template:Small | p | t | ʈ | c | k |
| Template:Small | b | d | ɖ | ɟ | g | |
| Fricative | v | s | ||||
| Approximant | l | ɻ | j | |||
| Trill | r | |||||
Writing system
Several attempts were made at constructing an orthography based on English, Kannada and Tamil. The earliest printed book using Kannada script was a Christian work, "Anga Kartagibba Yesu Kristana Olleya Suddiya Pustaka" by Basel Mission Press of Mangaluru in 1890.[5]
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The Badaga language is also written in the Tamil script.
List of Books in Kannada Script:[6]
- Anga Kartagibba Yesu Kristana Olleya Suddiya Pustaka
- Jonah
- Mana Kannadi
- Marka Bareda Loka ratchagana kade
- Zion
Dictionary
The Badaga language is well studied and several Badaga-English Dictionaries have been produced since the latter part of the nineteenth century.[7]
References
- ↑ [{{{url}}} Badaga]. Springer US(2004).
- ↑ Emenau (1931) reports no tokens of Template:IPA, but suggests this is an accidental gap.
- ↑ Badaga. UCLA Phonetics Lab. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
- ↑ Word List for Badaga. UCLA Phonetics Lab. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
- ↑ http://gospelgo.com/q/Badaga%20Bible%20-%20Gospel%20of%20Luke.pdf
- ↑ https://archive.org/details/kannadabadagakur00brit
- ↑ A Badaga-English Dictionary{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Mouton de Gruyter(1992). ISBN 9783110126778
External links
- Online community of Badagas worldwide
- Badaga literature
- A website on the Badaga
- Audio recordings in Badaga, with annotations in trilingual format (Badaga, English, French) Template:Webarchive – transcribed and translated by C. Pilot-Raichoor – site of the Pangloss Collection, CNRS-LACITO