Bugyal or Jubbar in Western Pahari (Himachali language) are alpine pasture lands, or meadows in India, in higher elevation range between Template:Convert and Template:Convert of the Himalayas in the Indian state of Uttarakhand, where they are called "nature’s own gardens".Template:Sfn The topography of the terrain is either flat or sloped. The surface of these bugyals is covered with natural green grass and seasonal flowers. They are used by tribal herdsmen to graze their cattle. During the winter season the alpine meadows remain snow-covered. During summer months, the Bugyals present a riot of beautiful flowers and grass. As bugyals constitute very fragile ecosystems, particular attention needs to be given for their conservation.Template:Sfn
Some of the notable bugyals are: Auli near Joshimath, Garsi, Kwanri, Gulabi Kantha, Bedni, Panwali Kantha and Kush Kalyan, Dayara, Gidara, Bagji Bugyal and Munsiyari.Template:Sfn
List of Bugyals
| Place | District | Image |
|---|---|---|
| Ali Bugyal | Chamoli | Ali Bugyal |
| Auli Bugyal | Chamoli | Auli Bugyal |
| Bagji Bugyal | Chamoli | Bagji Bugyal |
| Bedni Bugyal | Chamoli | Bedni Bugyal |
| Chainsheel Bugyal | Uttarkashi | Chainsheel Bugyal |
| Chopta Bugyal | Rudraprayag | Chopta Bugyal |
| Dayara Bugyal | Uttarkashi | Dayara Bugyal |
| Gidara Bugyal | Uttarkashi | Gidara Bugyal |
| Gorson Bugyal | Chamoli | Gorson Bugyal |
| Gulabi Kantha Bugyal | Uttarkashi | Gulabikantha Bugyal |
| Har Ki Doon Bugyal | Uttarkashi | Har Ki Doon Bugyal |
| Helsi Bugyal | Tehri Garhwal | Helsi Bugyal |
| Kedar Kantha Bugyal | Uttarkashi | Kedarkantha Bugyal |
| Khaliya Bugyal | Pithoragarh | Khaliya Bugyal |
| Kush Kalyan Bugyal | Tehri Garhwal | Kush Kalyan Bugyal |
| Madhyamaheshwar Bugyal | Chamoli | Madhyamaheshwar Bugyal |
| Moila Bugyal | Dehradun | Moila Bugyal |
| Moth Bugyal | Rudraprayag | Moth Bugyal |
| Nag Tibba Bugyal | Tehri Garhwal | Nag Tibba Bugyal |
| Panar Bugyal | Chamoli | Panar Bugyal |
| Panwali Kantha Bugyal | Tehri Garhwal | Panwali Kantha Bugyal |
| Pushtara Bugyal | Uttarkashi | Pushtara Bugyal |
| Nawali Bugyal | Chamoli | Nawali Bugyal |
Conservation issues
Bugyal is a fragile ecosystem and it is essential to maintain a balance between ecology and environment. In this context a court case was filed by the public objecting to erection of the prefab houses and by introducing non-biodegradable matter in the upper meadows of the bugyals by the tourism departments. It was averred that the peace and tranquility of the bugyals was getting affected. The court had ordered that the polluter must pay for the damage to environment based on absolute liability principle, which covered payment of damages to the affected people but also to compensate for all costs for restoration of the degraded environments.Template:Sfn
See also
References
Bibliography
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