Anonymous works, photographs, cinematographic works, sound recordings, government works, and works of corporate authorship or of international organizations enter the public domain 60 years after the date on which they were first published, counted from the beginning of the following calendar year (i.e. as of 2026, works published prior to 1 January 1966 are considered public domain).
Posthumous works (other than those above) enter the public domain after 60 years from publication date, counted from the beginning of the following calendar year.
Any kind of work other than the above enters the public domain 60 years after the author's death (or in the case of a multi-author work, the death of the last surviving author), counted from the beginning of the following calendar year.
Text of laws, judicial opinions, and other government reports are free from copyright.
The Indian Copyright Act, 1957 is not retroactive, so any work in which copyright did not subsist when it commenced did not have its copyright restored, and is in the public domain per the Copyright Act 1911.
You must also include a United States public domain tag to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States.
Note that this work might not be in the public domain in countries that do not apply the rule of the shorter term and have copyright terms longer than life of the author plus 60 years. In particular, Mexico is 100 years, Jamaica is 95 years, Colombia is 80 years, Guatemala and Samoa are 75 years, and Switzerland and the United States are 70 years.
This non-U.S. work was published 1931 or later, but is in the public domain in the United States because either
it was simultaneously published (within 30 days) in the U.S. and in its source country and is in the public domain in the U.S. as a U.S. work (no copyright registered, or not renewed),
or
it was first published outside the United States (and not published in the U.S. within 30 days) and
it was first published before 1978 without complying with U.S. copyright formalities or after 1978 without copyright notice and
it was in the public domain in its home country on the URAA date ( January 1, 1996 for most countries).
This work may still be copyrighted in other countries.
For background information, see the explanations on Non-U.S. copyrights. Note: in addition to this statement, there must be a statement on this page explaining why the work is in the public domain in the U.S. (for the first case) or why it was PD on the URAA date in its source country (second case). Additionally, there must be verifiable information about previous publications of the work.
Original upload log
The original description page was here. All following user names refer to en.wikipedia.
You must also include a United States public domain tag to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States.
