- Kadungon or Kadunkon was also the name an earlier Pandya king, mentioned in the Sangam literature.
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Template:Pandyan
Kadungon (r. c. 590–620 CE) was a Pandya king of early historic south India. Kadung (The great or strongest) + kon or ko (king) meaning "the great king" in tamil. He was also referred as Thennavan. He is chiefly remembered for reviving the Pandya dynastic power in south India. Along with the Pallava king Simhavishnu (r. c. 560–80/555–90 CE), he is credited with ending the Kalabhra rule, marking the beginning of a new era in south India.[1]
Kadungon's title was "Pandyadhiraja",[2] and his capital was Madurai. He was succeeded by his son Maravarman Avanisulamani.[3]
Dates
Most historians, including R. C. Majumdar, state the period of Kadungon rule as 590–620 CE.[4][5][6][7]
- K. A. Nilakanta Sastri (the first assumption) — c. 600–620 CETemplate:Sfn
- K. A. Nilakanta Sastri (revised date) — c. 590–620 CETemplate:Sfn
- Noboru Karashima — c. 560–90 CETemplate:Sfn (or) c. 590–620 CETemplate:Sfn
Velvikudi Grant
The Sangam literature mentions the early Pandya dynasty, which is believed to have gone into obscurity during the Kalabhra interregnum. The last known king of this dynasty was Ugrapperuvaludi.Template:Sfn
Kadungon is the next known Pandyan king.Template:Sfn Not much information is available about him.[8] Most of the knowledge about him comes from the Velvikudi inscription of the Pandya king Parantaka Nedunchadaiyan (also Nedunjadaiyan or Nedunchezhiyan). According to this inscription, Kadungon defeated several petty chieftains and destroyed "the bright cities of unbending foes".[3][9] It describes him as the one who liberated the Pandya country from the Kalabhras and emerged as a "resplendent sun from the dark clouds of the Kalabhras".[10] His defeat of Kalabhras (who were probably Jains or Buddhists) was hailed as the triumph of Shaivism.[11]
References
- ↑ Ancient India{{#if:Majumdar|, Majumdar}. Motilal Banarsidass(1987). ISBN 978-81-208-0436-4
- ↑ The Culture and History of the Tamils{{#if:Sastri|, Sastri}. K.L. Mukhopadhyay(1964)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 History of South India{{#if:Chopra|, Chopra}. S. Chand & Company Ltd.(2003). ISBN 81-219-0153-7
- ↑ A Textbook of Medieval Indian History{{#if:Sen|, Sen}. Primus Books(2013). ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4
- ↑ The History and Culture of the Indian People{{#if:Majumdar|, Majumdar}. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan(1977)
- ↑ Ceylon & Indian history from early times to 1505 A.D.{{#if:Perera|, Perera}. W.M.A. Wahid(1954)
- ↑ Literary Cultures in History: Reconstructions from South Asia{{#if:Pollock|, Pollock}. University of California Press(2003). ISBN 978-0-520-22821-4
- ↑ History of Ancient India{{#if:Tripathi|, Tripathi}. Motilal Banarsidass(1999). ISBN 978-81-208-0018-2
- ↑ Epigraphia Indica Vol. XVII{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Archaeological Survey of India(1983)
- ↑ Temple of Krishna in South India: History, Art and Traditions in Tamilnadu{{#if:Padmaja|, Padmaja}. Abhinav Publications(2002). ISBN 978-81-7017-398-4
- ↑ Walking Naked: Women, Society, Spirituality in South India{{#if:Ramaswamy|, Ramaswamy}. Indian Institute of Advanced Study(1997). ISBN 978-81-85952-39-0
Bibliography
- The Pandyan Kingdom{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Luzac and Company(1929)
- A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Oxford University Press(2014)
- A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Oxford University Press(1958)
- History of Tamilnad (To A. D. 1336){{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Koodal(1994)