Kamorta-class corvette

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The Kamorta-class corvettes or Project 28 are a class of anti-submarine warfare stealth corvettes currently in service with the Indian Navy. Built at Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata, they are the first anti-submarine warfare stealth corvettes to be built in India.[1] Project 28 was approved in 2003, with construction of the lead ship, Template:INS commencing on 12 August 2005. All of the four corvettes, INS Kamorta, Template:INS, Template:INS and Template:INS were commissioned in 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2020 respectively.

The platform and major internal systems of this class of corvettes are indigenously designed and built.[2] The corvettes are named after the islands in the Lakshadweep archipelago. The Kamorta-class corvettes are intended to succeed the Template:Sclass by precedence and the Template:Sclass by role.

Design and description

In 2003, under the code name Project 28, the Indian Navy placed an order for four anti-submarine warfare (ASW) corvettes. The corvette's design was originally planned to be based on the Russian corvette Project 2038.2, however the basic design was later provided by the Indian Navy's Directorate of Naval Design, followed by the detailed design by Garden Reach Ship Builders and Engineers (GRSE).[3] The design includes many stealth ship features, including reductions in acoustic signature and vibration of the vessels.[4]

The class incorporates some major features including but not limited to the 'X'-shaped hull form to improve stealth, a raft-mounted propulsion system to reduce vibration, and an infrared signature suppression system.[5] It also includes networks such as the Total Atmospheric Control System (TACS), Integrated Platform Management System (IPMS), Integrated Bridge System (IBS), Battle Damage Control System (BDCS) and Personnel Locator System (PLS). The ships also include technology that enables them to fight in nuclear, biological and chemical warfare (NBC) scenarios. The Indian Navy claims that the indigenisation achieved in these ships is about 90%.[6]

General characteristics and propulsion

The overall length of the Kamorta-class corvettes is Template:Convert, and the beam spans Template:Convert. The ships displace about Template:Convert at standard load and Template:Convert when fully loaded. Each ship retains a complement of 180 sailors and 13 officers.[5]

They are propelled by four Pielstick 12 PA6 STC diesel engines, each with a power of Template:Convert in CODAD configuration. They also have two controllable pitch propellers which helps the ship achieve maximum speeds in excess of Template:Convert.[6]

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Electronics and sensors

The Kamorta-class corvettes boast a wide variety of sensors. Given below are the list of known sensors in the corvette:

  • BEL Revathi 3-D E/F-band radar
  • HUMSA-NG bow-mounted sonar
  • BEL Lynx U1 fire-control radar
  • IAC Mod C fire-control system[7]
  • 1 × Atlas Elektronik towed array sonar (to be fitted)[5]

Armament

The armament of the class includes a license-built OTO Melara 76 mm Super Rapid Gun in a stealth mount and a weapons layout similar to what is found on the Template:Sclass and Template:Sclasss, two Larsen & Toubro built derivatives of the RBU-6000 anti-submarine rocket launcher, as well as Larsen & Toubro torpedo tube launchers, and a pair of AK-630M close-in weapon system (CIWS). The fire-control system is the Bharat Electronics IAC Mod C system.[5]

There is an option on the ship to include surface-to-air missiles (SAM). As of 2022 Navy is planning to integrated VL-SRSAM. The corvette can hold one helicopter, which currently is a Westland Sea King Mk.42B helicopter.[6]

Construction

The order for four Kamorta-class corvettes were placed in 2003 by the Indian Navy. Construction of the lead ship, INS Kamorta began in the year 2005 and the keel was laid down in 2006 at GRSE, Kolkata. The ship was launched in the year 2010 and was inducted into the navy in 2014 after a series of delays.[2] Construction of the second ship, Template:INS followed and the keel was laid in 2007. The corvette was launched in 2011 and was inducted in the early 2016. Template:INS was laid down in 2010 and launched in 2013. While the last ship of its class, Template:INS was laid down in 2012 and launched in 2015. Both the ships were commissioned in 2017 and 2020 respectively.[1]

The project's objective was to enhance localization and development of warship construction industry in India. The navy asked the Indian industries to deliver equipment of higher sophistication levels than usual. This led to some unforeseen delays in the product delivery, and struggles perfecting the products.[8][9]

All the ships of this class are built using DMR 249A special grade high-tensile steel,[6] produced by the state-owned Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), and carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) materials. The main machinery is raft mounted, and each gear unit and its associated engines are mounted on a common raft. The diesel engines are license built by Kirloskar under SEMT Pielstick of France. DCNS supplies the noise-suppressing raft-mounted gearbox for CODAD propulsion. Wärtsilä India manufactures the low-vibration diesel alternators to power the on-board electronics.[8][10]

The ships also includes an integrated ship management system (ISMS) from L-3 MAPPS which combines an integrated platform management system and bridge management system into a single integrated system.[11]

INS Kiltan and INS Kavaratti are to be more advanced than their elder ships. In a first, composite materials, imported from Kockums, Sweden, are used for the construction of the superstructures. This resulted in increased stealth features, reduced weight relative to typical superstructures built with steel, anti-corrosive and fire resistant. It's also projected for the ships to have some additional armament and new features.[12][13][14]

The last ship of the class Kavaratti was commissioned by Indian Army's COAS General Manoj Mukund Naravane on 22 October 2020.[15][16]

Ships of the class

All the ships names of the class are reincarnations of ships from the previous Template:Sclasss which are considered to be the spiritual predecessors of the Kamorta class.[17]

Name Pennant Laid down Launched Commissioned Home-port
Template:Navy
Template:INS P 28 20 November 2006[18]Template:Rp 19 April 2010[19] 23 August 2014[20] Visakhapatnam
Template:INS P 29 27 September 2007[18]Template:Rp 25 October 2011[21] 7 January 2016[22]
Template:INS P 30 10 August 2010[23] 26 March 2013[24] 16 October 2017[25]
Template:INS P 31 20 January 2012[18] 19 May 2015[26] 22 October 2020[15]

Export

Philippines Navy

Under a modernisation program, the Philippines Navy sought to purchase two light frigates, each displacing Template:Convert, spanning Template:Convert in length, capable of cruising at Template:Convert and be able to sail in sea state 7. In the bidding process, GRSE was selected as the lowest bidder among the contenders, Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering, Hyundai Heavy Industries and Navantia. The deal was said to cost more than Template:INRconvert.[27][28] However, based on a post qualification assessment, GRSE was disqualified on the grounds of not meeting the financial capability requirements[29]

Brazilian Navy

In June 2018, GRSE submitted proposal for Brazilian Navy's Template:Sclass future corvette program. GRSE offered a modified Kamorta class of 2,800 tonnes with weapons and sensors on par with its Philippines offer. The project was planned to be completed in Brazil's local shipyard for which GRSE teamed up with Sinergy Group Corporate for local production.[30] GRSE's proposal did not make the downselect in October 2018.[31][32]

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See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 INS Kamorta: All you need to know about India's indigenous warship. dna(23 August 2014). Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named globalsecurity
  3. ↑ Project 28 ASW Corvette. globalsecurity.org(27 February 2014). Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  4. ↑ Anti-submarine corvette for Navy next year, Malik, Amarjeet. General Military School. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named jni-6jan16
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named IN
  7. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named jni-22jul14
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Warship project delayed to build up private sector. Business Standard(1 August 2009). Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  9. ↑ Strict adherence to indigenisation norm delays production of anti-sub warfare ships. The Hindu Business Line(2018-01-12). Retrieved 2018-01-13.
  10. ↑ Bharat-Rakshak.com : Navy – Project 28 Class. bharat-rakshak.com.
  11. ↑ The Power of Two: Combined IPMS + IBS for the Indian Navy P28 Stealth Corvettes. MCS News(June 2010). Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  12. ↑ GRSE's last two ASW corvettes to be very advanced: Navy. The Times of India. Retrieved 2016-01-01.
  13. ↑ INS Kavaratti launched. The Times of India. Retrieved 2016-01-01.
  14. ↑ Navy experimenting with composite superstructure for warships. The Economic Times(27 April 2015). Retrieved 1 January 2016.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 INS ‘Kavaratti’ warfare corvette to be commissioned. Telangana Today(21 October 2020).
  16. ↑ GRSE delivers 4th anti-submarine warfare corvette to Navy. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  17. ↑ India gets its first "90 per cent indigenous" warship, Shukla, Ajai(23 August 2014).
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers: Committed to Self Reliance in Maritime Security. Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
  19. ↑ India's first anti-submarine warfare corvette launched. The Hindu(20 April 2010).
  20. ↑ INS Kamorta joins Eastern Fleet. The Hindu(24 August 2014).
  21. ↑ INS Kadmatt launched. The Hindu(26 October 2011).
  22. ↑ Boost for Indian Navy's firepower: INS Kadmatt, anti-submarine warfare corvette, commissioned. The Economic Times(7 January 2016).
  23. ↑ Keel Laying – Anti Submarine Warfare Corvette GRSE Yard No. 3019.
  24. ↑ Third anti-submarine warfare corvette launched in Kolkata. The Hindu(27 March 2013).
  25. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named toi-16oct17
  26. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named pib-19may15
  27. ↑ GRSE to Export Light Frigates to Philippines. DefenseNews. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  28. ↑ GRSE close to sealing deal with Philippines on warship export. Business Standard(8 June 2016). Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  29. ↑ Losing bidders buck P18-b Navy deal. Manila Standard(30 June 2016). Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  30. ↑ GRSE unveils design proposal for Brazilian corvette programme. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  31. ↑ Four European Designs Shortlisted for Brazilian Navy Tamandaré-class. Navy Recognition(20 October 2018).
  32. ↑ Kamorta Project 28 ASW Corvette - Design. Global Security. Retrieved 12 November 2016.

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