| Kaushambi district | |
|---|---|
|
[[File:|250x250px|frameless|center]] | |
| Settlement type | District of Uttar Pradesh |
| Country | India |
| State | |
| District | |
| Subdivision | |
Kaushambi district is a district in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. Manjhanpur is the district headquarters. The district was carved from Prayagraj district on 4 April 1997. Manauri bajar connects Prayagraj and Kaushambi districts by railway over a bridge on SH-95. Manjhanpur is south-west of Prayagraj on the north bank of the Yamuna river, about Template:Convert from the city. It is surrounded by Chitrakoot district on the south, Pratapgarh district on the north, Allahabad district on the east and Fatehpur district on the west. Kaushambi is part of Prayagraj division. The nearest railway station, in Bharwari, connects with Delhi, Allahabad, Kolkata, Gaya and Kanpur.
History
Kaushambi was the capital of the ancient Indian Vatsa Mahajanapada,[1][2][3] one of 16 such kingdoms. According to the Puranas, Vatsa was named after a Kāśī king.[4] The Ramayana and the Mahabharata attribute the founding of its capital' Kauśāmbī, to a Chedi prince (Kuśa or Kuśāmba). The Puranas state that after Hastinapur was washed away by the Ganges, the Bharata king Nicakṣu (great-great grandson of Janamejaya), abandoned the city and settled in Kauśāmbī. This is supported by the Template:IAST and the Template:IAST, attributed to Bhāsa. Both described the king, Udayana, as a scion of the Bhārata family (Template:IAST). The Puranas contain a list of Nicakṣu’s successors which ends with the king Kṣemaka.[5] Gautama Buddha visited Kaushambi several times during the reign of Udayana in his effort to spread the dharma, the Noble Eightfold Path and the Four Noble Truths, and Udayana was a Buddhist upāsaka. According to the Chinese translation of the Buddhist canonical text Template:IAST, the first image of the Buddha (carved from sandalwood) was made at Udayana's request. The Puranas state that his four successors were Vahināra, DanḍapāṇI, Niramitra and Kṣemaka. Vatsa was later annexed by Avanti, and Maniprabha (Pradyota's great-grandson) ruled at Kauśāmbī as a prince of Avanti. Ashoka considered Kaushambi important, and placed a pillar there with inscriptions in Pali; a Jain temple was also constructed. The pillar and temple still stand, and Vatsa is being excavated by archaeologists.
Kaushambi district was carved from Allahabad district on 4 April 1997. In 2006, the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Kaushambi one of India's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[6] It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund (BRGF).[6]
Demographics
Template:Historical populations
Template:Bar box According to the 2011 census, Kaushambi district had a population of 1,599,596[7] (comparable to the population of Guinea-Bissau[8] and the US state of Idaho);[9] this ranks it 313th of India's 640 districts.[7] The district has a population density of Template:Convert.[7] Its population growth rate from 2001 to 2011 was 23.49 percent.[7] Kaushambi has a sex ratio of 905 females to 1,000 males,[7] and a literacy rate of 63.69 percent.[7]
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 98.57% of the population in the district spoke Hindi and 1.10% Urdu as their first language.[10]
| Kaushambi district: mother-tongue of population, according to the 2011 Census.[10] | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mother tongue code | Mother tongue | People | Percentage |
| 006030 | Awadhi | 1,199 | 0.07% |
| 006102 | Bhojpuri | 2,645 | 0.17% |
| 006240 | Hindi | 1,576,776 | 98.57% |
| 015043 | Odia | 328 | 0.02% |
| 022015 | Urdu | 217,670 | 1.10% |
| 022016 | Bhansari | 440 | 0.03% |
| N.A. | Others | 538 | 0.03% |
| Total | 1,599,596 | 100.00% | |
Transportation
Closest Airport to Kaushambi is in Allahabad which is 56 kilometers (34.7 miles) away from district headquarters and has flights to major destinations such as Delhi, Bangaluru, Mumbai, Kolkata etc.
Major railway station is in neighboring Allahabad (56 km). Kaushambi district also has several railway stations:
- Sirathu railway station, Sirathu
- Bharwari railway station, Bharwari
- Manauri railway station, Manauri bajar
Sports
Mohamed Aslam was a heavyweight boxer from Bharwari who was a silver medalist at the 1973 and 1975 Asian Amateur Boxing Championships in Bangkok and Yokohama, respectively.[11][12] Aslam won the Indian national championship in the heavyweight category for five consecutive years (1973–1978).
References
- ↑ Geographical Review of India{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Geographical Society of India(1951)
- ↑ A History of India{{#if:Hermann Kulke, Dietmar Rothermund|, Hermann Kulke, Dietmar Rothermund}. Routledge(2004). ISBN 0-415-32920-5
- ↑ Civil Services Pre.Exam.Indian History ( From Earliest Times To 1964 A.D.){{#if:Dr.K.K.Sharma|, Dr.K.K.Sharma}. Upkar Prakashan(2009-01-01). ISBN 9788174828880
- ↑ Pargiter, F.E. (1972) Ancient Indian Historical Tradition, Motilal Banarasidass, Delhi, pp.269-70
- ↑ Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra (1972) Political History of Ancient India, University of Calcutta, Calcutta, p.117-8
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme. National Institute of Rural Development(8 September 2009). Retrieved 27 September 2011.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Kaushambi District Population Census 2011, Uttar Pradesh literacy sex ratio and density. Census Organization of India. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
- ↑ Country Comparison:Population. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
- ↑ 2010 Resident Population Data. U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Template:Cite report
- ↑ Asian Championships - Bangkok, Thailand - May 3-9 1973. Retrieved 16 September 2019.
- ↑ Asian Championships - Yokohama, Japan - September 23-28 1975. Retrieved 16 September 2019.
External links
Template:Allahabad division topics Template:Districts of Uttar Pradesh Template:Kaushambi district Template:Authority control