Kavishari or kavishri (Template:Lang-pa) is a style of folk music entailing energetic and dynamic a cappella singing.[1] It was originated in the Malwa region of Punjab as a sung form of "Chhand-Baddh" kavita (poetry)[1][2]
A performer or writer of kavishari is known as a kavishar (Template:Lang-pa).[3] Kavishari is usually performed in melas, weddings, diwaans (religious functions), harvest celebrations (i.e. Visakhi) and mehfils etc.[4][5][6]
History
Kavishari was started/invented by the 10th Sikh Guru, "Guru Gobind Singh Sahib".[1] There was a need of a particular singing style or genre that can gave energy to the war-fighters. So the Kavishari was mostly sung about Bravery, known as Veer Ras, one of the nine Ras' (English: "flavour"/"subgenre") of the genre.[1]
Characteristics
Kavishar Word is Made of Two Words "Kavi+Shayar", Where Kavi Means Singer and Shayar Means Writer. So Kavishar Means Who Writes and Sing the Kavishari(Poetry). Kavishari is based on vocal and wording/lyrics. Singing style is its voice, Chhand is its body and the Ras (flavour) is its soul.[7] Many kind of Chhands are used in kavishari. A noted kavishar of Punjab, Babu Rajab Ali, used some rare Chhands like Manohar Bhavani Chhand[8] and gave some new Chhands like Bahattar Kala Chhand to kavishari as well as Punjabi literature.[9]
There are nine accepted Ras as (subgenres) of kavishari, out of which the most commonly known four are:
- Veer Ras (Heroic)
- Shant Ras (Soulful or peaceful)
- Vairag Ras (Mystic)
- Haas Ras (Comic)
It was the Veer Ras that is most commonly sung today and specially for the need of which the genre was created.
Notable kavishars
Notable kavishars includes:
- Malwa's kavishar
- Babu Rajab Ali[2]
- Karnail Singh Paras
- Bhai Maghi Singh Gill (Gill khurd , Bathinda)
- Bhai Bhagwan Singh (Mehraj Wale)
- Gurdev Singh Sahoke
- Kishor Chand (Baddowali)
- Sukhwinder Singh Sutantar (Pakka Kalan)
- Kavishar Harnam Singh freedom fighter(Ghanauli Dist: Ropar)
- Bapu Bali Singh Gadiwind
- Gurdial Singh
- P. Mohan Singh
- Jarnail Singh Sabhra
- Jagir Singh Mast
- Joga Singh Jogi[10]
- Gurmukh Singh Johal
- Dalbir Singh Gill
Bapu Bali Singh is known to be the father of the kavishari of Majha and Joga Singh Jogi is one of the notable kavishars of Majha.[7] Jagir Singh Mast, another famous kavishar formed the original Jagowala jatha along with Nirmal Singh Chohla, Jarnail Singh and Sulakhan Singh.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Kavishari - Folk Music of Punjab. www.beatofindia.com. Retrieved 25 Feb 2012.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Babu Rajab Ali's Punjabi Poetry in Roman Script. www.apnaorg.com. Retrieved 31 Dec 2011.
- ↑ Singers take offence. News in English(April 12, 2004). Retrieved July 22, 2012.
- ↑ BATHINDA
Gurupurb celebrated(January 12, 2011). Retrieved July 22, 2012. - ↑ Youth Fest: Elocution, debate dominate DayII(November 7, 2011). Retrieved July 22, 2012.
- ↑ Folk art contests from Feb 18. News in English(February 3, 2012). Retrieved July 22, 2012.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 ਕਵੀਸ਼ਰੀ - ਕਵੀਸ਼ਰੀ 'ਸ਼ਬਦ' ਤੇ 'ਸੁਰ' ਦੀ ਖੇਡ ਹੈ. www.dhadikavishr.com. Retrieved 25 Feb 2012.
- ↑ ਸੱਤਰੰਗੀ ਪੀਂਘ ਵਰਗੀ ਹੈ ਰਜਬ ਅਲੀ ਦੀ ਕਵੀਸ਼ਰੀ. www.punjabstar.ca(14 July 2010). Retrieved 25 February 2012.
- ↑ ਮਰਹੂਮ ਬਾਬੂ ਰਜਬ ਅਲੀ - ਬੈਂਤ. www.punjabiaarsi.blogspot.com(28 Oct 2009). Retrieved 25 Feb 2012.
- ↑ Raaga > Punjabi > VARIOUS ARTISTS > Kavishri Bhai Joga Singh Jogi. www.raaga.com. Retrieved 25 Feb 2012.