Template:Infobox language Template:Indo-European topics Kuchean (also known as Tocharian B or West Tocharian) was a Western member of Tocharian branch of Indo-European languages, extinct from ninth century. Once spoken in the Tarim Basin in Central Asia. Tocharian B shows an internal chronological development; three linguistic stages have been detected.Template:Sfn The oldest stage is attested only in Kucha. There are also the middle ('classicalʼ), and the late stage.[1]
Nomenclature
Acorrding to Peyrot, the self-designation for the language was kuśi 'Kuča'.[2] In scholarly works, it is known as West Tocharian or Kuchean.[3]
Overview
According to scholar Michael Peyrot, Tocharian B is dated between the 5th and 10th centuries AD, and was spread from Kuča to Yānqi and Turfan.[4] Paul Widmer, following Tamai's and Adams's studies, situates Tocharian B roughly between 400 CE to 1200 CE, its oldest layer dating from ca. 400 to 600 CE, around "Kucha and environs".[5]
Documentation
According to J. H. W. Penney, Tocharian B is reported to be documented as Buddhist religious literature, and as secular material "pertaining to everyday life".[6]
References
- ↑ Template:Cite encyclopedia
- ↑ Peyrot, Michaël. “Tocharian”. In: The Indo-European Language Family: A Phylogenetic Perspective. Edited by Thomas Olander. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022. p. 83. doi:10.1017/9781108758666.006.
- ↑ Indo-European Language and Culture{{#if:Fortson|, Fortson}. Blackwell Publishing(2004). ISBN 1-4051-0316-7
- ↑ Peyrot, Michaël. “Tocharian”. In: The Indo-European Language Family: A Phylogenetic Perspective. Edited by Thomas Olander. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022. p. 83. doi:10.1017/9781108758666.006.
- ↑ Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}(2017). ISBN 978-3-11-052387-4
- ↑ Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}(2017). ISBN 978-3-11-052387-4
Bibliography
- Studies
- Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}(2017). ISBN 978-3-11-052387-4
- Variation and change in Tocharian B{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}(2008). ISBN 978-90-04-35821-8
- Peyrot, Michaël. “Tocharian”. In: The Indo-European Language Family: A Phylogenetic Perspective. Edited by Thomas Olander. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022. pp. 83–101. Template:Doi.
- Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}(2017). ISBN 978-3-11-052387-4
- Tocharian literature
- Lundysheva, Olga and Maue, Dieter. "An Old Uyghur text fragment related to the Tocharian B “History of Kuchean kings”". In: Religion and State in the Altaic World: Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Permanent International Altaistic Conference (PIAC), Friedensau, Germany, August 18–23, 2019. Edited by Oliver Corff, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2022, pp. 111-124. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110730562-010
- Two Tocharian B fragments parallel to the Hariścandra-Avadāna of the Old Uyghur Daśakarmapathāvadānamālā. Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae({Template:Date).
- A tocharian B parallel to the legend of kalmāṣapāda and sutasoma of the old uyghur daśakarmapathāvadānamālā. Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae({Template:Date).
Further reading
- Studies in Tocharian Vocabulary II: Words Pertaining to the Lower Limbs in Tocharian B. Journal of the American Oriental Society({Template:Date).
- Studies in Tocharian Vocabulary III: Three Tocharian B Terms for Parts of the Upper Body. Journal of the American Oriental Society({Template:Date).
- Studies in Tocharian Vocabulary IV: A Quartet of Words from a Tocharian B Magic Text. Journal of the American Oriental Society({Template:Date).
- Studies in Historical Linguistics in Honor of George Sherman Lane: Festschrift for George S. Lane{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. The University of North Carolina Press(1967). ISBN 978-1-4696-5703-5
- Paper in Eighth-Century Kucha: Discovery of Cotton Fibres within Chinese and Kuchean Documents. Central Asiatic Journal({Template:Year).
- Vignettes of Buddhist Asceticism: Jottings on Six Fragments in Tocharian B. Central Asiatic Journal({Template:Year).
- West Tocharian lyauto 'hole, opening' and related words. Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics({Template:Date).
- Another Look at Tocharian B ṣarya. Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics({Template:Date).
- Multilingualism and History of Knowledge, Vol. 2: Linguistic Developments Along the Silkroad: Archaism and Innovation in Tocharian{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press(2012). ISBN 978-3-7001-7304-5
- Great Journeys across the Pamir Mountains{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}(2018). ISBN 978-90-04-36222-2
- Pinault, Georges-Jean. "Surveying the Tocharian B Lexicon". In: Orientalistische Literaturzeitung, vol. 114, no. 2, 2019, pp. 91-97. https://doi-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/10.1515/olzg-2019-0030
- Westtocharisch se-seṃ: zwei Paradigmen oder nur eines?. Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung({Template:Date).
- A Linguistic Classification of 'Tocharian' B Texts. Journal of the American Oriental Society({Template:Date).
- Lexical Interchange between 'Tocharian' A and B. Journal of the American Oriental Society({Template:Date).
- Sanskrit Names of Drugs in Kuchean. The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland({Template:Date).