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The Gupta dynasty or Guptas of Magadha (Sanskrit: गुप्त राजवंश) were an Indian dynasty founded by Guptavarman, a Chandel prince of Haihaya lineage of Somvansh. This dynasty ruled between the 6th and 8th centuries CE. Kucha historians connect Gupta with the Gupta Empire, that is why it is called later Guptas, but there is no evidence connecting the two dynasties; these appear to be two distinct families.Template:Sfn The "Later Guptas" are so-called because the names of their rulers ended with the suffix "-gupta" (Late Brahmi: File:Gupta in the Aphsad inscription of Ādityasena.jpg gu-pta, as appearing in the Aphsad inscription of Ādityasena).Template:Sfn
History
After the decline of the Gupta Empire, the Later Guptas succeeded them as the rulers of Magadha.Template:Sfn The daughter of the dynasty's founder Krishnagupta is said to have married prince Adityavarman of the Maukhari dynasty. According to the Aphsad inscription of Ādityasena, Krishnagupta's grandson Jivitagupta carried out military expeditions in the Himalayan region and southwestern Bengal.Template:Sfn
During the reign of Jivitagupta's son Kumaragupta, the dynasty developed a rivalry with the Maukharis. Kumaragupta defeated the Maukhari king Ishanavarman in 554 CE, and died at Prayaga. His son Damodaragupta suffered reverses against the Maukharis.Template:Sfn
Damodaragupta's son Mahasenagupta allied with the Pushyabhuti dynasty. His sister married the ruler Adityavardhana. He invaded Kamarupa and defeated Susthita Varman.Template:Sfn But he subsequently faced three invaders: the Maukhari king Sharvavarman, the Kamarupa king Supratishthita-varman, and the Tibetan king Songtsen. His vassal Shashanka also abandoned him (and later established the independent Gauda Kingdom). The Maukhari king Sharvavarman is thought to have defeated Damodaragupta, invading Magadha circa 575 CE, which made him ruler of the entire Uttar Pradesh.[1][2] Under these circumstances, Mahasenagupta was forced to flee Magadha, and take shelter in Malwa. Subsequently, the Pushyabhuti emperor Harsha (ruled Template:Circa) restored the Later Gupta rule in Magadha, and they ruled as Harsha's vassals.Template:Sfn
After Harsha's death, the Later Gupta ruler Adityasena became the sovereign ruler of a large kingdom extending from the Ganges in the north to the Chhota Nagpur in the south; and from Gomati River in the east to the Bay of Bengal in the west.Template:Sfn However, he was defeated by the Chalukyas.Template:Sfn
Jivitagupta II, the last known ruler of the dynasty, appears to have been defeated by Yashovarman of the Varman dynasty of Kannauj circa 750 CE.Template:Sfn
Rulers
The known Gupta rulers include:Template:SfnTemplate:SfnTemplate:Sfn
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- Nrpa Shri Guptavarman deva Chandel [Founder)
Rulers of dynasty:
- Nrpa Shri Krishna-gupta (Kṛṣṇavarman deva gupta), r. Template:Circa-505 CE
- Deva Shri Harsha-gupta (Harṣavarman deva gupta), r. Template:Circa-525 CE
- Shri Jivita-gupta I, (Jivitavarman deva gupta)r. Template:Circa-550 CE
- Shri Kumara-gupta,(Kumaravarman deva gupta) r. Template:Circa-560 CE
- Shri Damodara-gupta, (Damodaravarman deva gupta) r. Template:Circa-562 CE
- Shri Mahasena-gupta, (Mahasenavarman deca gupta) r. Template:Circa-601 CE
- Shri Madhava-gupta, (Madhavavarman deva gupta) r. Template:Circa-655 CE (Queen: Shrimati)
- Maharajadhiraja Aditya-sena, (Adityasenavarman deva gupta)r. Template:Circa-680 CE (Queen: Konadevi)
- Maharajadhiraja Deva-gupta, (Devavarman deva gupta)r. Template:Circa-700 CE (Queen: Kamaladevi)
- Maharajadhiraja Vishnu-gupta (Viṣnuvarman deva gupta) (Queen: Ijjadevi)
- Maharajadhiraja Jivita-gupta II (Jivitavarman deva gupta)
Guptas of Jayapura
A small kingdom that ruled the area around Lakhisarai district during the 11th and 12th centuries bore the name Gupta and have subsequently been linked as a surviving line of the Later Gupta.[3] Evidence of their rule comes from the Panchob copper-plate inscription which was discovered in 1919.[4]
References
- ↑ Dynastic History of Magadha, Cir. 450-1200 A.D.{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Abhinav Publications(1977)
- ↑ Harsha: Calcutta University Readership Lectures 1925{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Motilal Banarsidass(1 January 2016). ISBN 978-81-208-0862-1
- ↑ The Geopolitical Orbits of Ancient India: The Geographical Frames of the Ancient Indian Dynasties{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Oxford University Press(2010). ISBN 9780199088324
- ↑ THE PANCHOBH COPPER-PLATE OF SAMGRAMA GUPTA: A STUDY. Proceedings of the Indian History Congress({Template:Date).
Bibliography
- A Brief History of India{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Inner Traditions / Bear & Co(2003). ISBN 978-1-59477-794-3
- The World of the Skandapurāṇa{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. BRILL(2014). ISBN 978-90-04-27714-4
- An Atlas and Survey of South Asian History{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Routledge(2015). ISBN 9781317476818
- Indian Esoteric Buddhism: A Social History of the Tantric Movement{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Columbia University Press(2012). ISBN 9780231501026
- Ancient Indian History and Civilization{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. New Age(1999). ISBN 9788122411980