List of Indian musical instruments

File:Pulluvan pattu in Ashtamudi temple1.JPG

Lady playing pulluvan veena

Indian musical instruments can be broadly classified according to the Hornbostel–Sachs system into four categories: chordophones (string instruments), aerophones (wind instruments), membranophones (drums) and idiophones (non-drum percussion instruments).

Chordophones

Plucked strings

Bulbul Tarang Dotar, Dotora, or Dotara Dhrupad Ektara Getchu Vadyam or Jhallari Gopichand or Gopiyantra or Khamak Gottuvadhyam or Chitravina Katho Sarod Sitar Surbahar Surshringar Swarabat Swarmandal Tambura Tritantri Veena

Tumbi Tuntuna Magadi Veena Hansa Veena Mohan Veena Nakula Veena Nanduni Pamiri rubab Rudra Veena Sagar Veena Saraswati Veena Vichitra Veena Yazh Ranjan Veena Mayuri Veena Rubab (instrument) Triveni Veena

Bowed strings

File:Dhodro Banam.jpg

Tribal fiddle instruments called "Dhodro Banam" used by Santhal people in Eastern India.

• Chikara
• Dhantara
• Dilruba
• Ektara violin
• Esraj
• Kamaicha
• Kingri (string instrument)
• Mayuri Vina or Taus
• Onavillu
• Behala (violin type)
• Pena (musical instrument)
• Pinaka vina
• Pulluvan Veena - one stringed violin
• Ravanahatha
• Sarangi
• Classical Sarangi
• Sarinda
• Tar Shehnai
• Villu Paatu - arched bow instrument

+ Behala - Bengal Murshidabad Violin Persian "Behaaleh" (Restless)

Other string instruments

• Gethu or Jhallari - struck tanpura
• Gubguba or Jamuku (khamak)
• Pulluvan kutam
• Santoor - Hammered dulcimer

Aerophones

Single reed

• Pepa
• Pungi or Been

File:Amber Fort-Jaipur-India0001.JPG

Snake charmer playing pungi

File:Banshri.jpg

Bansuri player at Mehrangarh Fort at Jodhpur.

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Indian Harmonium

Double reed

• Kuzhal
• Mukhavina
• Nadaswaram
• Shehnai
• Sundari
• Tangmuri

Flute

• Alghoza - double flute
• Bansuri
• Venu (Carnatic flute) Pullanguzhal

Bagpipes

• Mashak
• Titti
• Sruti upanga

Free reed

• Gogona
• Morsing

Free reed and bellows

• Shruti box
• Harmonium (hand-pumped)

Brass

• Bigul - see Bugle
• Ekkalam
• Karnal
• Kombu (instrument)
• Ramsinga
• Kahal
• Nagfani
• Turi
• Tutari

Membranophones

Hand drums

File:Learn To Play Tabla.jpg

Learning to play tabla

File:Perc-tumbak.jpg

Tumbaknaer, drum from Jammu and Kashmir for accompanying devotionals

File:Peruvanam Kuttan Marar IMG 3074.JPG

Chenda (top) and Chande (below) are different drums

File:Chandeboy.jpg

Chande of Yakshagana

Dhad Damru Dimadi Dhol Dholak Dholki Duggi Ghat singhari or Gada Singari Ghumot Gummeta Kanjira Khol Kinpar and Dhopar (Tribal Drums) Madal Mardala Maddale Maram Mizhavu Mridangam Naal

Pakhavaj Pakhavaj Jori - Sikh instrument similar to Tabla Panchamukha vadyam Pung cholom Shuddha Madalam or Maddalam Tabala / Tabl / Chameli - goblet drum Tabla Tabla Tarang - set of Tablas Tamate Thanthi Panai Thimila Tumbak, Tumbaknari, Tumbaknaer Tumdak' Udukku

Hand frame drums

• Daff, duff, daf or duf - medium or large frame drum without jingles, of Persian origin
• Dubki, dimdi or dimri - small frame drum without jingles
• Kanjira - small frame drum with one jingle
• Kansi - small drum without jingles
• Patayani thappu - medium frame drum played with hands

Stick and hand drums

• Chenda
• Davul
• Dhak
• Dhimay
• Dhol
• Dholi
• Dollu
• Idakka
• Thavil
• Udukai
• Urumi (drum)

Stick drums

• Chande
• Davul
• Kachhi Dhol
• Nagara - pair of kettledrums
• Pambai - unit of two cylindrical drums
• Parai thappu, halgi - frame drum played with two sticks
• Sambal
• Stick daff or stick duff - daff in a stand played with sticks
• Tamak'
• Tasha - type of kettledrum
• Timki
• Urumee

Idiophones

File:JalTarang Omenad.jpg

Jaltarang

File:BelurCTM 30 Nagaveena Dance.jpg

A medieval instrument, labeled nagaveena (snake veena), is a type of musical scraper.

• Chigggjha - fire tong with brass jingles
• Chengila - metal disc
• Eltathalam
• Gegvrer - brass vessel
• Ghaynti - Northern Indian bell
• Ghatam and Matkam (Earthenware pot drum)
• Ghunyugroo
• Khartal or Chiplya
• Manjeewera or jhanj or taal
• Nut - clay pot
• Sankarpjlnjang - lithophone
• Thali - metal plate
• Thattukanvjzhi mannai
• Yakshahgana bells

Melodic

• Jal tarang, ceramic bowls with water
• Kanch tarang, a type of glass harp
• Kashtha tarang, a type of xylophone

Electronic

• Roland HandSonic
• Electronic tanpura
• Electronic (digital) tabla
• Talameter

Sound samples

• Sound Samples of Indian Instruments (non-commercial page) Courtesy of www.superbrass.com (Links in that page not working 2019-02-05)

See also

• Music of India
• List of Indian dances