List of Indic loanwords in Indonesian

Template:Main Although Hinduism and Buddhism are no longer the major religions of Indonesia, Sanskrit, the language vehicle for these religions, is still held in high esteem, and its status is comparable with that of Latin in English and other Western European languages. Sanskrit is also the main source for neologisms; these are usually formed from Sanskrit roots. For example, the name of Jayapura city (former Hollandia) and Jayawijaya Mountains (former Orange Range) in the Indonesian province of Papua were coined in the 1960s; both are Sanskrit origin name to replace its Dutch colonial names. Some Indonesian contemporary medals of honor and awards, such as Bintang Mahaputra medal, Kalpataru award and Adipura award, are also Sanskrit derived names.

The loanwords from Sanskrit cover many aspects of religion, art and everyday life. The Sanskrit influence came from contacts with India long ago before the 1st century. The words are either directly borrowed from India or through the intermediary of the Old Javanese language. In the classical language of Java, Old Javanese, the number of Sanskrit loanwords is far greater. The Old Javanese — English dictionary by Prof. P.J. Zoetmulder, S.J. (1982) contains no fewer than 25,500 entries. Almost half are Sanskrit loanwords. Sanskrit loanwords, unlike those from other languages, have entered the basic vocabulary of Indonesian to such an extent that, for many, they are no longer perceived to be foreign.

There are some rules of forming loans from Sanskrit: s, ṣ, and ś merge to single s; v changes to w, and the original aspiration, retroflexion, and vowel length is lost (most similar to some earliest stages of Insular Indic, including the ancestor of Sinhala, Elu).

Loanwords

Indonesian Word	Indonesian Meaning	Sanskrit Word	Sanskrit Transcription	Sanskrit Meaning	Note
Template:Lang	clear mining product, such as glass, mica	अभ्रक	abhraka	talc, mica
Template:Lang	event, item in a programme	आचार	ācāra	custom, practice, behaviour
Template:Lang	sometimes	यदा काल	yada-kāla	yada: from time to time, kala: time	lit. whenever-time
adi- (b.m.)	ultimate (poetic)	आदि	adi	infinite, primitive, beginning,
Template:Lang	ideology	अधि चित्त	adhi citta	above, beside thinking, aim, reason
Template:Lang	powerful, rampant	अधिकार	adhikāra	supremacy, authority
Template:Lang	masterpiece	अधि कार्य	adhi kārya	above, beside work, oeuvre, product
Template:Lang	superpower	अधि वश	adhi vaśa	above, beside power, control, dominion
Template:Lang	great road	अधि मार्गः	adhi mārgaḥ	above, beside road
Template:Lang	noble (title), local government	अधि पति	adhi pati	above, beside govern
Template:Lang	High king	अधि राज	adhi raja	above, beside king
Template:Lang	great jewel	अधि रत्न	adhi ratna	above, beside jewel
Template:Lang	honor student, valedictorian	अधि शिष्यः	adhi śiṣyah	above, beside student
Template:Lang	hero, protagonist	अधि	adhi	above, beside	tokoh means character.
Template:Lang	great nation, nobleman	अधि वंश	adhi vaṁśa	above, beside lineage, dynasty	see bangsa.
Template:Lang	very beautiful, very good	अधि वर्ण	adhi varṇa	above, beside color
Template:Lang	religion	आगम	āgama	traditional doctrine, sacred teaching
Template:Lang	grand, great		agūṁ	grand	see adi-
Template:Lang	not injuring anything	अहिंसा	ahiṃsā	not injuring anything
ajnabi (arch.)	stranger (classic word)	अज्ञाति	ajñāti	not a kinsman, not related	अज्ञ (ajñā) = unknown.
Template:Lang	letter	अक्षर	akṣara	letter
Template:Lang	negligent	अल्प	alpa	small, minute
Template:Lang	immortal, eternal, unforgotten	अमृत	amṛta	immortal, drink of the gods
Template:Lang	endless, infinity	अनन्त	ananta	Ananta
Template:Lang	multifarious, varied, all sorts	अनेक	aneka	many, various	a- (not), eka (one)
Template:Lang	variety show	अनेक ग्रामः	aneka-rāgam	various scale
Template:Lang	multi-colored	अनेक वर्ण	aneka-varṇa	various color
Template:Lang	limb, member	अङ्गता	aṅga-jāḥ	born from the body, limbs, member
Template:Lang	numerical figure	अङ्क	aṅka	numerical constant
Template:Lang	insolence, cruel	अहंकार	ahaṁ-kāra	ego, pride-maker
Template:Lang	sky	आकाश	ākāśa	sky
Template:Lang	astronaut	आकाश वन	ākāśa-vān	the sky + having; possessing
Template:Lang	goose	हंस	haṁsa	swan
Template:Lang	Pterocarpus indicus	असन	asana	Terminalia Tomen Indica
Template:Lang	maltreatment, abuse, injustice, tyranny	अन्याय	anyāya	sinful activities, mischief
Template:Lang	among, (in) between	अन्तर्	antar	among, between, in the middle
Template:Lang	outer space	अन्तरिक्ष	antarikṣa	the middle of the three spheres or regions of life atmosphere or space deity
Template:Lang	award, honour, grace	अनुग्रह	anugraha	to bestow blessings, compassion
Template:Lang	posthumous, posthumous military award for achievement	अनुमृत्	anumṛt	dying after, following in death
Template:Lang	nasal sound, especially nasal consonants	अनुस्वारः	anusvāra	nasal sound, see anusvara
Template:Lang	meaning	अर्थ -	artha krti	meaning understanding	for example, अर्थकथा (arthakathā) = explaining meanings.
Template:Lang	1. title for high official in Java in the past 2. ancestor of Indian, Persian and European	आर्य	ārya	(honourable) man, master	see Aryan
Template:Lang	hope	आशा	āśā	hope
Template:Lang	1. foot position (representing the deva) 2. chair, throne	आसन	āsana	sitting (according peculiar pose to the custom of devotees), see asana
Template:Lang	love, passion	स्मरः	smaraḥ	love
Template:Lang	dormitory	आश्रम	āśrama	religious order, college, hermitage
asta- (b.m.)	eight	अष्ट	aṣṭa	eight
Template:Lang	or	अथवा	athavā	alternatively, or, either
Template:Lang	soul, life	आत्मन्	ātman	breath, life, spirit, soul	see atman
Template:Lang	read	वाच्	vāc	words, talk
Template:Lang	as if, like	भग	bhaga	good fortune
Template:Lang	for, give	भाग	bhāga	(to) divide
Template:Lang	majesty	भाग्य	bhāgya	good fortune	+ -nda: Austronesian suffix
Template:Lang	fine, good, exemplary	भग	bhaga	good fortune, happiness, welfare
Template:Lang	blissful, lucky, blessed, happy	भाग्य	bhāgya	good fortune, luck, happiness
Template:Lang	language	भाषा	bhāṣā	sign, description
Template:Lang	danger	भय	bhaya	fear
Template:Lang	ship	वहित्र	vahitra	a boat, ship
Template:Lang	shoulder	बाहु	bāhu	arm
bahu- (b.m.)	many	बहु	bahu	many
Template:Lang	that (conj.)	भव	bhava	become, state of being
Template:Lang	opal (gem)	वैडूर्य	vaiḍūrya	cat's eye (gem)
Template:Lang	steel, strong metal	वाज	vāja	strength
Template:Lang	homage, devotion, service etc.	भक्ति	bhakti	bhakti
Template:Lang	disaster, calamity; also means help, assist	बल	bala	power, strength, force
bangsa	nation, race	वंश	vaṁśa	lineage, dynasty	see vaṃsa
Template:Lang	noble	वंश वन	vaṁśa-vān	of the dynasty + having, possessing
Template:Lang	sea god	वरुण	varuṇa	Varuna
Template:Lang	eliminate, destroy	भस्मन्	bhasman	devour, consume, pulverize (to ashes)
Template:Lang	an area measurement unit, 7.096 m²	बाहु	bāhu	arm
Template:Lang	wind (poetic)	वायु	vāyu	Vayu: Hindu god of wind
Template:Lang	vessel	भजनम्	bhajanam
Template:Lang	defend	वेला	velā	time-limit, boundary, interval
Template:Lang	merely	बालक	bālaka	young
Template:Lang	jungle	वनान्तर	vanāntara	(interior of a) forest
Template:Lang	youth	बाल्य	bālya	childhood age, infancy
Template:Lang	disaster, calamity	वञ्चन	vañcana	deception
Template:Lang	object	भाण्ड	bhāṇḍa	goods
Template:Lang	treasurer	भाण्डार	bhāṇḍāra	store, storehouse
Template:Lang	passionate love	विरहिन्	virahin	separated (especially from beloved person)
Template:Lang	idol, image of a god	भट्टार	bhaṭṭāra	lord
Template:Lang	news	वृत्त	vṛttá	news	see warta.
Template:Lang	clever (vast of knowledge)	विस्तारिन्	vistārin	extending, large, broad
Template:Lang	monastery	विहार	vihāra	Buddha or Jaina convent	see wihara.
Template:Lang	male monasticism	विहारवन	vihāra van	Buddha or Jaina convent -man	see wihara.
Template:Lang	habitual, usual, ordinary	अभ्यास	abhyāsa	habit, repetition, custom, practice
Template:Lang	expense	व्यय	vyaya	loss, expense, spending
Template:Lang	speak	विचार	vicāra	discussion, consideration
Template:Lang	apsara, nymph, lesser female deities	विद्याधरी	vidyādhari	fairy, sylph, (fem.) bearer of knowledge
Template:Lang	midwife	विद्वान	vidvān	wise, vidwan	vidvān: nom. masc. of vidvant
Template:Lang	seed	बीजं	bījaṃ	seed	classical word, for the modern one see biji.
Template:Lang	clever, wise	विचक्ष् विचक्षण	vicakṣ vicakṣana	vicakṣ: to see distinctly
Template:Lang	clever, wise	विचक्षण	vicakṣaṇa	clever, wise, experienced
Template:Lang	seed	बीजं	bījaṃ	seed
Template:Lang	bhikkhu	भिक्षु	bhikṣu	beggar, bhikkhu
Template:Lang	bhikkhuni	भिक्षु	bhikṣu	beggar, bhikkhuni
Template:Lang	when	वेला	vela	time
Template:Lang	to build	भिन्न	bhinna	different, fresh, new
Template:Lang	bodybuilding	भिन्न	bhinna		from combined words bina: to build and raga: body
Template:Lang	die, death, destroyed	विनाश	vināśa	destruction
Template:Lang	venom, malice	विष	viṣa	poison	bisa also means can, able, potent
Template:Lang	food	भोग	bhōga	object of enjoyment (such as food), eating
Template:Lang	world (poetic)	भुवन	bhuvana	world, earth, place of being
Template:Lang	culture	बुद्धि दय	buddhi daya	combination of boddhi: virtue and dhaya: power. give, move, protect
Template:Lang	reason, virtue	बुद्धि	buddhi	intellect, discernment, judgment
Template:Lang	kind, wise	बुद्धिमान	buddhimān	nom. of buddhi
Template:Lang	scholar	भुजंग	bhujaṅga	snake, dissolute friend of prince
Template:Lang	proof	भुक्ति	bhukti	enjoyment, fruition, possession
Template:Lang	earth	भूमि	bhūmi	land
Template:Lang	head of second level administrative area in Indonesia	भूमिपति	bhūpati	lord of the earth	see bumi and patih
Template:Lang	clothing	भूषण	bhūṣaṇa	ornament, decoration
Template:Lang	Capsicum sp. (Chili Peppers)	चवि	cavi	Piper chaba (Pepper)
Template:Lang	light	छाया	chāyā	lustre, light
Template:Lang	disk, sphere etc. Chakra	चक्र	chakra	wheel, circle, cycle, Chakra
Template:Lang	disk, sphere etc. disc in discus throw	चक्र	chakra	wheel, circle, cycle, Chakra
Template:Lang	horizon	चक्रवाल	cakravāla	mythical mountains at the edge of light and dark, horizon
Template:Lang	joke	छन्द	chanda	pleasing, alluring, lovely, delightful
Template:Lang	temple	चण्डिका	caṇḍika	another manifestation of Durga as goddess of death
Template:Lang	1. opium (Papaver somniferum) 2. favorite, hobby	छन्दु	chandu	pleasing
Template:Lang	moon (poetic), lunar	चन्द्र	candra	Chandra: Hindu moon god
Template:Lang	crater (poetic)	चन्द्र मुख	candra mukha	lunar surface
Template:Lang	shell	शङ्ख	śaṅkha	winged shell attribute of Vishnu, shell
Template:Lang	way, style, customs	चारी	cāra	course, way
Template:Lang	search, look for	चारी	cārī	particular step
Template:Lang	chess	चतुर चतुरंगं	catura caturaṃgaṃ	swift, quick, dexterous, clever, skilful chess
catur- (b.m.)	quad-	चतुर्	chatur	quad-
Template:Lang	injury	छिद्र	chidra	defect
Template:Lang	mishap	छलक	chalaka	delusive
Template:Lang	Magnolia sp.	चंपक	campaka	Magnolia sp.
cendala (classical)	lowly, bad person	चण्डाल	caṇḍāla	outcaste
Template:Lang	Santalum album	चन्दन	candana	Santalum album
Template:Lang	Paradisaeidae (bird-of-paradise)	चन्द्र	candra	Chandra: Hindu moon god
Template:Lang	1. clean, holy, pure 2. shining, clear, 3. word expression during monarch accession (archaism)	चर्य	carya	due observance of all rites and customs, proceeding
Template:Lang	story	चरित	carita	narration, story	e.g. Buddhacarita
Template:Lang	digest	जीर्ण	jīrṇa	old, digested, decayed
Template:Lang	love	चिन्ता	cintā	thought (fem.)
Template:Lang	create	चित्त	citta	thinking, aim, reason
Template:Lang	hope, idea, future goals	चित्त	citta	thinking, aim, reason
Template:Lang	delicious	चित्त रस	citta rasa	thinking, aim, reason flavor, taste
Template:Lang	image	चित्र	citra	picture	(Hindi, Sanskrit)
Template:Lang	pixel	चित्र	citra	picture	singular form back-formation of "citra"
cuci	clean	शुचि	śuci	clean, pure, correct
Template:Lang	vinegar	चुक्र	cukra	vinegar
Template:Lang	steal	चोर	cōra	thief, robber
Template:Lang	suspicious	छुरिका	churikā	knife
Template:Lang	thirst	धागा	dhāgā	string, thread
Template:Lang	donation, funds	दान	dāna	donation, gift, oblation, paying back
Template:Lang	duty, good deeds (i.e. charity), truth etc.	धर्म	dharma	Dharma
Template:Lang	decade	दशन् वर्ष	daśan varṣa	ten year, rain
Template:Lang	power	दया	dayā	compassion, mercy
Template:Lang	fine, punishment	दण्ड	daṇḍa	punishment
Template:Lang	alms giving	धर्म	dharma	good works, justice
Template:Lang	village	देशा	deśa	place, spot, region, country
Template:Lang	god	देव	deva	god
Template:Lang	godness	देवता	devata	deity
Template:Lang	goddess	देवी	devī	goddess
dina (classical)	day	दिनं	dinaṃ	day
dina (b.m.)	poor	दीन	dīna	poor	only in hina dina (phr.)
dirgahayu	long live	दीर्घ आयु	dīrgha āyu	long age	āyuṣā = with a life span
Template:Lang	sin	दोष	doṣa	fault; vice
Template:Lang	guess, estimate	दुघ	dugha	yielding
Template:Lang	sadness	दुःख	duḥkha	pain, sorrow, affliction, distress, unhappiness, difficulty, trouble
Template:Lang	before, first, past	ढालू	ḍhālū	sloping, slant
Template:Lang	incense	धूप	dhūpa	incense, see dhupa
Template:Lang	envoy	दूत	dūta	messenger, envoy, ambassador, negotiator
Template:Lang	evil, wicked, malicious	दुर्जन	durjana	bad man, villain, scoundrel malicious, wicked
Template:Lang	lie	दुष्ट	duṣṭā	wrong, false, guilty
dwi (b.m.)	two, bi-	द्वि	dvi	two, bi-
eka (b.m.)	one, mono-	एक	eka	one, mono-
Template:Lang	elephant	गज	gaja	elephant
Template:Lang	gate	गोपुरं	gōpuraṃ	gate	lit. city way (way + city)
Template:Lang	garuda	गरुड़	garuḍa	garuda
Template:Lang	stylish, fashionable	गय	gaya	wealth, property
Template:Lang	dark	गलित	galita	waning, lost, perished
Template:Lang	shepherd, herder	गोपाल	gopāla	cowherd, earth protector
Template:Lang	bell	घण्ट	ghaṇṭa	bell
Template:Lang	building, office, house, etc.	गृह	gṛha	house
Template:Lang	eclipse	ग्रहण	grahaṇa	seizure, possession, eclipse
Template:Lang	song (poetic)	गीत	gīta	singing, song
Template:Lang	cave	गुहा	gūḥa	burrow, cave
Template:Lang	utilize, use, purpose	गुण	guṇa	quality, attribute
Template:Lang	teacher, guru	गुरुः	guru	teacher
Template:Lang	servant, slave	हम्बा	hambā	the lowing of cattle
Template:Lang	cost, price, value	अर्घ	argha	price
Template:Lang	asset	अर्थः	arthaḥ	wealth
Template:Lang	forearm (measurement unit)	हस्तः	hastaḥ	hand
Template:Lang	lowly, inferior	हीन	hīna	small, lesser, petty, deficient, left, blamable
hina dina (phr.)	inferior and poor, unworthy, very inferior	हीन दीन	hīna dīna	lesser, etc. poor
Template:Lang	health	औषधं	auṣadhaṃ	medicine	as in panti husada, health center.
Template:Lang	sense (organs)	इन्द्रिय	indriya	sense (organs)
Template:Lang	palace	आस्थान	āsthāna	place, site
Template:Lang	wife	स्त्री	strī	wife (lit. bearer of children)
Template:Lang	awake, guard	जागृ जागर	jāgṛ jāgara	to watch over, awake
Template:Lang	universe	जगत्	jagat	world, universe
Template:Lang	attorney	अध्यक्ष	adhyakṣa	inspector, superintendent
Template:Lang	net, casting net	जाल	jāla	net
Template:Lang	hour, clock	याम	yāma	time
Template:Lang	Myrtaceae	जम्बु	jambu	Myrtaceae
Template:Lang	incantation	जप	japa	muttering, whispering (prayer)
Template:Lang	widow	रण्डा	raṇḍā	widow	see randa.
Template:Lang	merit, service, etc.	यशस् व्यास	yaśas vyāsa	worth, glory; service
Template:Lang	Tectona grandis (Teak)	जाति	jāti	Jasminum grandiflorum
Template:Lang	Java, Javanese	यव	yava	barley, grain	On Java context, it means rice or paddy.
Template:Lang	glorious	जय	jaya	conquest, victory, triumph
Template:Lang	common people	जनता	janata	a number of men, assemblage of people, community, subjects, mankind
Template:Lang	lovely	ललित	lalita	lovely, charming, favourite, liked
Template:Lang	incarnation, to become, to turn into	जन्म	janma	birth
Template:Lang	spinning, wheel	यन्त्र	yantra	instrument
Template:Lang	life, soul, sanity	जीव	jīva	(personal) soul
Template:Lang	million	अयुत	ayuta	ten thousand, myriad
Template:Lang	very rich	अयुत वन	ayuta+vān	ten thousand + having, possessing
Template:Lang	glass	काच	kāca	glass
Template:Lang	glasses, spectacles	काच	kāca	glass
Template:Lang	time	काल	kāla	time
Template:Lang	defeat	कलह	kalaha	quarrel, fight
Template:Lang	if	काल	kāla	time
Template:Lang	time(s), in mathematics	काल	kāla	time
Template:Lang	1. tree of life and hope, 2. environmental award from government of Indonesia	कल्पतरु	kalpataru	wishing or wonder tree, see Kalpavriksha
Template:Lang	Plumeria acuminata	काम्बोज	kāmboja	1. related to Kámbója, 2. Rottlera tinctoria, 3. white mimosa, 4. Gunja
Template:Lang	lens	सूर्य्यकान्त कान्त	sūryyakānta kānta	sun-crystal, crystal lens precious stone
Template:Lang	cotton	कर्पास	karpāsa	cotton
Template:Lang	because	कारण	kāraṇa	cause
Template:Lang	1. personal work in world 2. law of causality	कर्म	karma	karma
Template:Lang	initiative, will	कर्ष	karṣa	pulling, obtaining, mastering (√kṛṣ)
Template:Lang	star (poetic)	कृत्तिका कार्त्तिक	kṛttikā kārttika	Pleiades, corresponding month (Oct-Nov)
Template:Lang	blessing	करुण	karuṇa	compassion
Template:Lang	work, oeuvre, product	कार्य	kārya	work	see kerja.
Template:Lang	Tapeinochilos ananassae	कस्तूरी	kastūrī	1. musk, 2. Hibiscus abelmoschus, 3. Amaryllis zeylanica
Template:Lang	cassowary	कास्सोवारिस्	kās'sōvāris	cassowary
Template:Lang	word	कथा	kathā	speech, talk, story
Template:Lang	a hundred thousand	कोटि	koṭi	ten million
Template:Lang	quarrel, fight	कलह	kalaha	quarrel, fight
Template:Lang	Indian, black-skinned	कालिङ्ग	kāliṅga	related to Kalinga
Template:Lang	family	कुल वर्ग	kula varga	kula: family, race, tribe or caste, kin. varga: group	see also, warga.
Template:Lang	jade, gemstone	कोमल	komala	gracious, charming
Template:Lang	gold, golden, grand, glorious	काञ्चन	kāñcana	gold
Template:Lang	water-pitcher	कुण्ड कुण्डी	kuṇḍa kuṇḍī	jar, pitcher	kuṇḍī: fem. form of kuṇḍa
Template:Lang	head	कपाल	kapāla	skull, cranium
Template:Lang	coffin	करण्ड	karaṇḍa	basket, box
Template:Lang	work	कार्य	kārya	the work, the manifest products	see karya.
Template:Lang	moment, when	घट	ghaṭa	G'har'í or Indian clock
Template:Lang	become more, as much (many) as	कियत्	kiyān	how much
Template:Lang	1. ray (lit.) 2. beautiful	किरण	kiraṇa	ray of light
Template:Lang	vocabulary	कोश कथा	kośa kathā	kośa:dictionary, lexicon, vocabulary kata: speech, talk, story
Template:Lang	city, town	कोट्ट	koṭa	stronghold
Template:Lang	1. action 2. sport	क्रीडा	krīḍā	sport, play, amusement
Template:Lang	warrior, knight	क्षत्रिय	kṣatriya	military, reigning, princely caste, supremacy
Template:Lang	power	वश	vaśa	power, control, dominion
Template:Lang	strong	उत्ताल	uttāla	strong
Template:Lang	horse	घोटकः	ghōṭakaḥ	horse
Template:Lang	pot	कुंभ	kuṃbha	pot, jar
Template:Lang	key	कुञ्चिका	kuñcikā	key
Template:Lang	saffron	कुंकुम	kuṅkuma	saffron
Template:Lang	mercy	कारुण्य	kāruṇya	compassion, praiseworthy, excellent
Template:Lang	leprosy	कुष्ठ	kuṣṭha	leprosy
Template:Lang	flower	कुसुम	kusuma	flower, blossom, bud
Template:Lang	gourd	अलाबु	alābu	gourd
Template:Lang	song	लघु	laghu	gentle (sound)
Template:Lang	ten thousand	लक्ष	lakṣa	ten thousand, lakh
Template:Lang	1. like, as if 2. good sign (classical)	लक्षण	lakṣaṇa	indirect indication, favourable mark
Template:Lang	admiral	लक्ष्मण	lakṣmaṇa	Lakshmana
Template:Lang	beautiful, Lakshmi	लक्ष्मी	lakṣmī	Lakshmi, beautiful
Template:Lang	crawling, creeping animal (usually snake)	लता	latā	creeping plants, see vine
Template:Lang	door, Cinnamon (Cinnamomum sp.), Nutmeg (Myristica sp.)	लवंग	lavaṅga	Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)
Template:Lang	graceful movement, elegant	लीला	līlā	play
Template:Lang	sleep soundly	लीन	līna	lying or resting on
Template:Lang	seal, emblem, badge	लाञ्छन	lāñchana	mark, sign, vestige
Template:Lang	lingam	लिङ्गम्	liṅgam	lingam
Template:Lang	greedy	लोभ	lobha	greed
Template:Lang	world, place, realm, abode	लोक	loka	space, room, place, world
Template:Lang	honey co-wife	मधु	madhu	sweet food or drink, incld. honey, milk, wine, etc.
Template:Lang	middle	मध्य	madhya	middle
Template:Lang	great, super, hyper, very	महा	mahā	great
Template:Lang	supreme god		mahā+deva	supreme god
Template:Lang	supreme goddess		mahā+devi	supreme goddess
Template:Lang	all-mighty	महेश	maheśa = mahā+īśa	supreme lord	īśa (ईश): owning, possessing, powerful, supreme, capable, lord
Template:Lang	professor		mahā+guru	great teacher
Template:Lang	emperor	महाराज	mahārāja	great king
Template:Lang	queen		mahārani		see rani.
Template:Lang	(male) college/university student	महा शिष्यः	mahā-śiṣyah	great-student	(masc.)
Template:Lang	(female) college/university student	महा शिष्यः	mahā-śiṣyāh	great-student	(fem.)
Template:Lang	buffalo	महिषः	mahiṣaḥ	buffalo
Template:Lang	crown	मुकुट	mukuṭa	crown
Template:Lang	stain, dirt	मल	mala	dirt, filth, impurity
Template:Lang	calamity, disaster	महा पातक	mahā pātaka	great sin or collapse
Template:Lang	when		māna-kāla	in honor of time
Template:Lang	autonomous, independent		mandhiri
Template:Lang	sperm	मणि	maṇi	1. pearls, gem, jewel, 2. glans penis
Template:Lang	bead, sequin, jewel	मणि	maṇi	1. pearls, gem, jewel, 2. glans penis
Template:Lang	mantra	मन्त्र	mantra	mantra
Template:Lang	human	मनुष्य	mānuṣa	human being
Template:Lang	road	मार्गः	mārgaḥ	road
Template:Lang	period, time	मास	māsa	month
Template:Lang	measurement unit, of length, height, depth	मात्रा	mātrā	measurement unit
Template:Lang	illusion	माया	māyā	Maya (illusion)
Template:Lang	minister (head of a government department)	मन्त्रि	mantri	king's counsellor, minister
merdeka	freedom, liberty	महा ऋद्धि	mahā ṛddhi-ka	great prosperity
Template:Lang	sweet, melodious	मृदु	mṛdu	soft
Template:Lang	pepper	मरीचम्	marīcam	spices
Template:Lang	partner	मित्र	mitra	friend
Template:Lang	young	मूढ	mūḍha	stupid, silly, simple
Template:Lang	easy	मूढ	mūḍha	stupid, silly, simple
Template:Lang	face	मुख	mukha	face
Template:Lang	to start, to begin	मूल	mūla	origin
Template:Lang	noble, honorable	मूल्य	mūlya	worth
Template:Lang	blood vessel	नदि	nadi	stream, river
Template:Lang	dragon, nāga	नाग	nāga	serpent deities
Template:Lang	name	नामन्	nāman	name
nawa- (b.m.)	nine	नव	nava	nine
Template:Lang	country	नगर	nagara	city
Template:Lang	city (lit.)	नगरी	nagarī	city (fem.)
Template:Lang	scale, balance	नाराच	nārāca	metre
Template:Lang	hell, underworld	नरक	naraka	naraka
Template:Lang	an ideal condition of harmony or joy	निर्वाण	nirvana	nirvana
Template:Lang	amorph, abstract	निश्चल	niścala	immovable; steady; unal terable, immutable
Template:Lang	1. clearly shown, 2. real, 3. proven	नियत	niyata	Constant, Ascertained, Positive
Template:Lang	foot, footwear	पादुक	pāduka	shoe, slipper
Template:Lang	honorary title for official, nobility, or king	पादुका	pādukā	impression of the feet of a god or a holy person	for the idea, see Ciaruteun inscription.
Template:Lang	merit, reward (for moral conduct)	फल	phala	fruits, of results
Template:Lang	to force	पक्ष	pakṣa	side, faction, partisan, adherent, army, position
Template:Lang	Myristica fragrans (nutmeg)	फल	phala	fruits, of results	see pahala.
panca- (b.m.)	five	पञ्च	pañca	five
Template:Lang	tourism	परि विशति	pari viśati	around enter	to enter around
Template:Lang	1. obedient, submissive 2. Lord (government)	पति	pati	master, owner	see bupati.
pekerti	character, nature	प्रकृति	prakṛti	origin, character, nature, pattern
Template:Lang	hall	मण्डप	maṇḍapa	open hall, pavilion, temple	through Javanese pendhapa
Template:Lang	priest	पण्डित	paṇḍita	learned, scholar, skilled
Template:Lang	prison	पञ्जर	pañjara	cage
Template:Lang	believe	प्रत्ययः	pratyayaḥ	familiarity
Template:Lang	first	प्रधान	pradhāna	first, chief
Template:Lang	problem, affairs	प्रकार	prakāra	difference, similitude
Template:Lang	powerful, forceful, manly	प्रकाश	prakāśa	shining, manifest, renowned
Template:Lang	rape	प्रकाश	prakāśa	shining, manifest, renowned
Template:Lang	library	पुस्तक	pustaka	book, manuscript	see pustaka with circumfix perTemplate:Circumfixan'
Template:Lang	first	प्रथम	prathama	first
Template:Lang	Mother Earth	पृथ्वी	pṛthvī pṛthivī	Prithvi, Hindu earth deity
Template:Lang	high-ranked military official	प्रवीर	pravīra	brave or eminent man, hero, chief
pra (b.m.)	pre-	प्रा	pra	before, forward to, in front of, on, forth
Template:Lang	king (title)	प्रभु	prabhu	master, lord, king
Template:Lang	handworks	प्रकार्य	prakārya	to be manifested
Template:Lang	city, state	प्रजा	prajā	people, subject (of prince), child
Template:Lang	man/men	प्रिय	priya	beloved, dear
Template:Lang	fasting	उपवास	upavāsa	fasting, abstinence
Template:Lang	worship, adore	पूजा	pūjā	worship, respect, homage of superiors or adoration of the gods
Template:Lang	praise	पूजा	pūjā	worship, respect, homage of superiors or adoration of the gods	see puja
Template:Lang	have, possessive verb	पुण्य	puṇya	merit, virtue
Template:Lang	Hindu temple, city	पुर	pura	city/walled enclosure
Template:Lang	ancient	पूर्व	pūrva	former, ancient, old, etc.
Template:Lang	palace	पुर	pura	city/walled enclosure
purna- (b.m.)	complete, finished	पूर्ण	pūrṇa	finished, complete, satisfied	see also sempurna, purnama
Template:Lang	full moon, a month	पूर्णमा	pūrṇamā	full-moon (day)
Template:Lang	book	पुस्तक	pustaka	book, manuscript
Template:Lang	flower (poetic)	पुष्प	puṣpa	flower
Template:Lang	son, prince	पुत्र	putra	son
Template:Lang	daughter, princess	पुत्री	putrī	princess
Template:Lang	body	राग	rāga	color, feeling, beauty
Template:Lang	secret	रहस्यं	rahasya	secret
Template:Lang	king	राजन्	rāja	king
Template:Lang	rage, raging, at large, rampant	राज लीला	raja līlā	king play
Template:Lang	giant, monster	राक्षस	rākṣasa	beast-like demon
Template:Lang	widow	रण्डा	raṇḍā	widow	see janda.
Template:Lang	queen	राज्ञी राणी	rājñī rāṇī	queen	rāṇī (राणी) is corruption of rājñī (राज्ञी).
Template:Lang	emotion, feeling, taste	रस	rasa	to love, flavor, taste
Template:Lang	jewel, gemstone (poetic)	रत्न	ratna	jewel, gem
Template:Lang	official	रश्मि	raśmi	string, leash, ray of light	in Sanskrit, रश्मि (raśmi) is synonym of पक्ष (pakṣa).
Template:Lang	look, appearance	रूप	rūpa	form, likeness
Template:Lang	proclamation (poetic)	शब्दः	śabda	voice, speech
Template:Lang	best	साधु	sādhu	good, excellent
Template:Lang	servant	साहाय्य	sāhāyya	help, assistance
Template:Lang	witness	साक्षिन्	sākṣin	witness
Template:Lang	powerful	शक्ति	śakti	power, energy
Template:Lang	same	सम	sama	same, equal
Template:Lang	ocean	समुद्र	samudra	ocean
Template:Lang	sandhi	संधि	saṃdhí	joining
Template:Lang	drama		sāndīvara	drama
Template:Lang	1. monastic community of bhikkhus (monks) and bhikkhunis (nuns), see Sangha. 2. smallest unit in Scouting	संघ	saṃgha	association, clerical community, brotherhood of monks
sapta- (b.m.)	seven	सप्त	sapta	seven
Template:Lang	body	शरीरं	śarīraṃ	body	via Javanese word sarira
Template:Lang	training hall	शासन	śāsana	teaching, order, ruling
Template:Lang	literature	शास्त्र	śāstra	scripture, teaching, order, book
Template:Lang	fauna, animals	सत्त्व	sattva	sentint being, "that which is", existence
Template:Lang	simple	साधारण	sādhāraṇa	common, ordinary
Template:Lang	wipe, rub	निषेक	niṣēka	wash
Template:Lang	meditation, contemplation	समाधि	samādhi	deep meditation, silenece, religious vow
Template:Lang	whole, total	समस्त	samasta	united, whole, all
Template:Lang	perfect	सम्पूर्ण	sampūrṇa	entirely, complete
Template:Lang	suffering	संसार	saṃsāra	continuous flow of reincarnation
Template:Lang	weapon, arms	संयत्त	saṃyatta	prepared, ready, being on one's guard
Template:Lang	general, military leader (archaic)	सेनापति	senāpati	senā "military" + pati "leader"
Template:Lang	greedy		śraka	greedy
Template:Lang	all, everything, complete	सर्व	sarva	all or everything
Template:Lang	to call loudly	श्रु	śru	to be heard
Template:Lang	enemy	शत्रु	śatru	enemy
Template:Lang	loyal, truthful	सत्य सती	satya satī	truth, correct, sincere, faithful faithful wife
Template:Lang	base, courtesy, moral	शील	śīla	habit, custom, usage, character, moral precept	can mean cross-legged sitting or refined order
Template:Lang	lion	सिंहः	siṃha	lion, breavest, king, ruler
Template:Lang	throne	सिंहासन	siṃhāsana	the lion throne	Lion is allusion to king.
Template:Lang	(school) student	शिष्यः	śiṣyah	student	for tertiary education student, see mahasiswa.
Template:Lang	title for king	श्री	śrī	1. Prefix to the names, 2. Fortune, prosperity, success, thriving, 3. Light
Template:Lang	stupa	स्तूप	stūpa	heap, a pile of earth
Template:Lang	asylum, sanctuary	सेवक	sevaka	servant, employee, follower
Template:Lang	husband	स्वामि	svāmī	master, lord, husband
Template:Lang	sound	स्वर	svara	sound, voice, accent, musical tone or note
Template:Lang	clean, holy	शुचि	śuci	clean, pure, correct
Template:Lang	like, happy	सुख	sukha	easy, pleasant, comfortable, happy
Template:Lang	soul	सूक्ष्म	sūkṣma	subtle, atomic
Template:Lang	quiet (situation)	शून्य	śūnya	zero, nothing
Template:Lang	heaven	स्वर्ग	svarga	heaven
Template:Lang	sun (poetic), solar	सूर्य	sūrya	Surya, Hindu sun god
Template:Lang	modesty, appropriate	सुशील	suśīla	good character
swa- (b.m.)	do something by oneself	स्व	sva-	self, own
Template:Lang	asceticism, meditation, self-discipline	तप	tapa	tapas
Template:Lang	order, to arrange	तथा	tathā	thus, in that manner
Template:Lang	energy, power	तानयति	tānayati	to extend
tri- (b.m.)	three (cardinal)	त्रि	tri	three
Template:Lang	change	उभा	ubhā	erect
Template:Lang	air	उदार	udāra	rising fog or vapour, raising, sublime
Template:Lang	ceremony	उपचार	upacāra	ceremony, religious ritual
Template:Lang	effort	उत्साह	utsāha	effort, thread, happiness, firmness
Template:Lang	age	आयुष	āyuṣa	life-span
Template:Lang	ultimate, the most important, foremost	उत्तम	uttama	upmost, highest, first or best
Template:Lang	north	उत्तर	uttara	north
Template:Lang	verbal communication, conversation	वचन	vacana	speech
Template:Lang	container	आधारः	ādhāraḥ	container
Template:Lang	ride, vehicle	वहन	vahana	conducting, carrying, bearing
Template:Lang	forest (poetic)	वन	vana	forest
Template:Lang	dynasty, royal house	वंश	vaṁśa	lineage
Template:Lang	woman, lady	वनिता	vanitā	wife, woman
Template:Lang	sane, mentally healthy	वर	vara	best, excellent, most beautiful
Template:Lang	1. members of family, society, etc., 2. social stratification (uncommon)	वर्ग	varga	class, tribe, club
Template:Lang	colour	वर्ण	varṇa	colour
Template:Lang	news	वार्ता	varta	news	see berita.
Template:Lang	1. authority, influence, 2. power	विभवः	vibhavaḥ	power
Template:Lang	teacher	विद्या ईश्वर	vidya īshvara	learning master
Template:Lang	Buddhist Temple	विहार	vihāra	Buddha or Jaina convent	see biara.
Template:Lang	hero, brave	वीर	vīra	heroic, brave
Template:Lang	supreme leader, supreme power	विशेष	viśēṣa	excellence, superiority
Template:Lang	1. old age, geriatric 2. experienced	वृद्ध	vṛddha	1. old, 2. wise
Template:Lang	Yoga	योगः	yoga	Yoga
Template:Lang	war, battle (poetic)	युद्ध	yuddha	battle